Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/41

ADRAISTAE.

of the river Hieromax, and deeply embayed in the

spures of the mountain chain of Hermon. Before the conquest of Canan by Joshua, it was one of the chief cities of Og, king of Bashan After his defeat and death it was assigned to the half tribe of Manas?eh which settled on the eastern side of Jordan. It was the seat of a Christian bishop at an early time, and a bishop of Adna sat in the council of Selucia (A.D. 381, and of Chalcedon (A.D. 451). By the Greeks it was called Adna, and by the Crusaders Adra(illegible text) Its ruins cover a curcuit of about 2 miles, of which a a large rectangular buildingm, surrounded by a double covered colonade, and with a cistern in the middle (Numbers, xxi 33; Deutron. i 4 iii 10; Joshua xii. 4. xiii. 12, 31; Joseph. Antiq. iv. 5. § 42 : Buckingham. Travels, vol ii. p. 146: Buckhardt, id. p. 241) [ W. B. D. ]

ADRAISTAE ((Greek characters)), a people of N. India (Punjab), with a capital city Pimprama ((Greek characters)), which Alexander reached in a day's journey from the Hydraotes (Ravee), on his march to Sangala. (Arrian. Arab. v. 22. §3) Lassen identifies them with the modern Arattas (Pentapotamia, p. 45). [ P. S. ]

ADRAMITAE or ATRAMI'TAE (Plin. vi. 28. s. 33; (Greek characters). PtoL; Arrian, Perip. p. 15), an Arabian tribe in the district Chatramotitis of Arabia Felix. They were situated on the coast of the Red Sea eastward of Adra, and their name is still preserved in the modern Hadramaut, Like their immediate neighbours in Arabia Felix, the Adramitae were actively engaged in the drug and spice trade, of which their capital Sabbatha was the emporium. They were governed by a race of kings, who bore the family or official title of Elezar. [Chatramotitae.] [ W. B. D. ]

ADRAMYE'NTTUS SINUS. [Adramyttium Aeolis]

ADRAMY'TTIUM or ADRAMY'TE'UM ((Greek characters)) a town situated at the head of the bay, called from it Adramyttenus: and on the river Caicaus, in Mysis, and to on the road from the Helles- (illegible text) to Pergamum. According to tradition it was founded by Adramys, a brother of Croesus, king of Lydia; but a colony of Athenians is said to have sub- sequently settled there. (Strab. p. 606.) The place came a Greek Iowa. Thucydides (v. 1; viii. 108) also mentions a settlement here from Delos made by the Deliain whom the Athenians removed from the Island B.C. 422. After the establishment of the dynasty of the kings of Per- (illegible text) was a seaport os some note; and that it had some shipping, appears from a passage in the Acts of the Apostles (xxvii. 3). Under the Romans it was a Coventus Judicus in the pro- vince of Asa, or place to which the inbabitants of the district resorted as the court town. There are no traces of ancient remains. [ G. L. ]

ADRANA (Eder), a river of Germany in the territory of the Chatti, near Cassel. (Tac. Ann. i. 56.)

ADRANS, ADRA'NA, ADRA'NTE ((Greek characters) (illegible text)ii.c, 45; Hadrans, Itiner. Hieros. p. 560: St. (illegible text) on the Drauberg), a town in Noricum, situ- ated between the towns Aemona and Celeia, in the valley seperating Mt. Cetius from Mt. Carvancas. A vestige of its Roman origin or occupation still Trajains survives in its local appellation of Trajaner-dorf or Trajan's-thrope. (Itin Anton) [ W. B. D. ]

ADRA'NUM or HADRA'NUM (Mfu^, I)U

ADRIA.

25

Steph. B. Hadranum, SI. Ilal. : Elh. *Al^|n)i,

HadiulUnua : AdemB),M citjof the inlerics' cf Sidlj, stoated at the foot if the wcBlem slope if Mt. Aetna aboi% the Tallej of the Simelo, and about 7 mike from Centnripi. We leant fnm Diodoms (lir. 37) that there existed hen from tctj ancient limes a temple rf a local deitj named Adnnos, whcee wonhip waa eiCenaiTely simiHl tbrongbSiGil7,tuidappHnlohaie beenconnected with thatcf the Palid. (Hajcb.s.c. noAiinf.) Bnt (here was no dig of the name until the ;ear 400 b. c. when it waa founded bj the elder I^onjaina, with a view to extend his power and io- floence in the interior of the island. ([Mod. L c.) It pnbablj eontinned to be a dependency t£ Sjra- cossi but in 345 B. c. it fell uito the hands of Ti- moleon. (Id. ivi. 68; Plut. nmol. 13.) It was one of the citiee taken hj the Komans at the com- mencement of the Fint Panic War (Died, iiiii. Eic. Hoeech. p. 501), and pntabl; on this account continued aAerwards in a rektioD to Rome inferior to that of meat other Sicilian citua. This ma; per- haps account for the circumitaiioe that its name is not once mentioned bj Cicero (see Zampt ad Cie. Verr. m. 6, p. 437); but we l«ni from Phnj that it was m his time included iu the class of the " sti- peodiariae ciritales " of Sidlj. (if, K. lii, 8.)

Both Diodoma and Plutan;h apeak of it as a small town owing its importance chicflj to the sanctitj of iu tem[Jo; but eiistiog ntnains prore that it must have been at one time a pUce of atane cousideration. Th«e consist of portions of the andent wmlU and toweis, built in a masiive style of large squaied blocks of lava ; of massive substructions, sapposed to hais been Ihoee of the temple of Adnnue ; and the ruins ff a large building which appears to have belonged to Rotuan Thermae. Numerona Kpolchres also have been discovered and eicarated in the immediately neighbourhood. The modern town of Adeni t«. tains the andent rite aa well as name ; it is a consi- derable place, with above 60CXI inhabitants. (Bis- caii, Viaggio w Sicilia, pp. 57 — 60; OrWani, Diz. Gfogr. della Sidlia, p. 13; Bull dell. Init. Arch. 1843, p. 129.)

Stephanos Bfiantinus speaks of the dtja* ritnated ou a river of the same name: thia was evidently QO iKher than the narthem branch if the Sinela (Sy- maethus) which is still afttai called the fiune iT Ademi. [ E. H. B. ]

A'DRIA, A'TRIA, H'ADRIA, or HATRIA CAt|iIa or 'Arpla). It is impceaiblB to establish any distinctifa between these fbiius, cs* to aasign the eoe (as has been done by seretal anthm) to ons city, and another to the other. The oldest form appeara to have been HatkU, which vre find oo corns, while HadbiA is that used in all inscriptions: some MbS. of Livy have AdriA, and others Atria. Pliay tells us that AtbiA was the more ancient form, which was afterwards changed into Al>RIA, but the

Gncks seem la have early used 'Alpha for the city,