Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/47

AEGAE.

stood, but it probably stood on the left bank, since the right is low and often inundated. (Hom. Il. viii.

203; Herod. i 145; Strab. pp. 386–387; Paus. vii. 25. § 12; Leake, Mores, vol. iii. p. 394; Curtius,Peloponnesos, vol. i p. 472.)

2. A town in Emathia in Macedonia, and the burial-place of the Macedonian kings, is probably the same as Edessa, though some writers make them two different towns. [Edessa.]

3. A town in Euboea on the western coast N. of Chalcis, and a little S. of Orobiae. Strabo says that it was 120 stadia from Anthedon in Boeotia. It is mentioned by Homer, but had disappeared in the time of Strabo. It was celebrated for its worship of Poseidon from the earliest times; and its temple of this god still continued to exist when Strabo wrote, being situated upon a lofty mountain. The latter writer derives the name of the Aegaean Sea from this town. Leake supposes it to have stood near Limni. (Hom. Il.' xiii. 21; Strab. pp. 386, 405; Steph. B. s. v.; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 275.)

AEGAE in Asia, 1. (AfM A2>«uai, A3V«w : ^tA. t; Aya» Ktda^ or Kalaat§ a town of Ciiida, on the north side of the baj It is now separated from the outlet of the (/ytasa) bj a ki^ narrow aestoaiT' called iKay. In Stnabo^s time (p. 676) it was a dty with a port. (Campi Lncan, iii. 227.) > a Gra^ town, but the origin of it is A Greek inscripdon of the Roman period has been d is c oveitid there (Beaufixt, Karamania, p. 299); sod under the Boman domimon it was afiheeof someimpoctanoa. Tadtna calls it Aegeae

2. (Aryoi: £U.AJ>acbr,Aryaic^), an Aeolian dty (Hnod. L 149), a little distance firom the coast <^ Ihda, end m the ndghboux&ood of Cume and TcBsas. It IB mentioned by Xenophon (HdUn, iv. 8. § 5) undnr the name hiytis^ which Schndder has altered into Afyo/. It snfiered from the great aartbqnake, whkh in the time of Hberius (a. d. 17) desolated 12 of the dties of Asia. (Tadt Am a. 47.) [ G. L. ]

AEGAEAE. [Aegiae.]

AEGAEUM MARE (rh KtymoP frdXayos, Hood. iv. 85; Aesch. Affam, 659; Strab. pauim; or ■Bfily rh Alrpm, Herod. viL 55; 6 Kiymos wt- iUnpt, Herod. iL 97), the pert of the Mediterranean ■■V eiUed the ArdiipdagOf and bj the Turks the WUte Seoy to distingnish it from the Black Sea. It was bnmded on the N. by Macedonia and Thrace, « tfae W. by Greece and on the E. by Ada ^Gnor. At its KE. oonier it was connected with the Pro- poads by the HcUespont. [Hellespontus.] Its oteot was differently estimated by the andent ■ritcci; bat the name was generally applied to the- k as fcr S. as tbs islands of Crete and Its name was vazionsiy derived by the an- I, dther from the town of Aegae a Eaboea; or fiora Aegens, the fitther of Theseus, «b» threw himself into it; or from Aegaea, the ^peoflf the Amazons, who perished thoe; or from Jk|;aeon, who was represented as a marine god living ia te sea; or,last]j, from cSyls, a squall, on account «f its stocBi& Its real etymology is uncertain. Its dangeroos to andent navigators on of its jmmeroils islands and rocks, which fddirs of wind sod a confused sea, and also cX the Etesian or northerly winds, which

km aith great fiiry, especially about the equinoxes.

AEGATES.

31

To the storms of the Aegaean the poets frequently allude. Thus Horace (Carm. ii. 16): Otium divos rogat in patenti prensus Aegaeo; and Virgil (Aen. xii. 365): Ac velut Edoni Boreae cum spiritus alto insonat Aegaeo. The Aegaean contained numerous islands. Of these the most numerous were in the southern part of the sea; they were divided into two principal groups, the Cyclades, lying off the coasts of Attica and Peloponnesus, and the Sporades, lying along the coasts cf Caria and Ionia. . [Cyclades; Sporades.] In the northern part of the sea were the larger islands of Euboea, Thasos and Samothrace, and off the coast of Asia those of Samos, Chios and Lesbos.

The Aegaean sea was divided into: 1. Mare Thracium (b SptriKios w6moSj Hom. Il. xxiii. 230; rb 9fniticu)P wcAcryoj, Herod, vii. 176; comp. Soph. Oed. R. 197), the northern part of the Aegaean, washing the shores of Thrace and Macedonia, and extending as far S. as the northern coast of the island of Euboea.

2. Mare Myrtoum (Hor. Carm. i. 1. 14; rh MvpTwov wf Aoryor), the part of the Aeaean S. of Euboea, Attica and Argolis, which derive its name from the small island Myrtas, though others suppose it to come from Myrtilus, whom Pelops threw into this sea, or from the maiden Myrto. Pliny (iv. 11. s. 18) makes the Myrtoan sea a part of the Aegaean; but Strabo (pp. 124, 323) distinguishes between the two, representing the Aegaean as terminating at the promontory Sunnium in Attica.

3. Mare Icarium (Hor. Carm. i. 1. 15; ^Udpios w6yroi, Horn. 11 u. 145; *lKdptoy weAayot, Herod. vi. 95), the SE. part of the Aegaean along the coasts of Caria and Ionia, which derived its name from the island of Icaria, though according to tradition it was so called from Icarus, the son of Daedalus, having fallen into it.

4. Mare Creticum (t^ KpririKhtt w^Acryof, Thuciv. 53), the most southerly part of the Aegaean, N. of the island of Crete. Strabo (l. c.), however, makes this sea, as well as the Myrtoan and Icarian, distinct from the Aegaean.

AEGA'LEOS (/3yd(t9Sy Herod, viii. 90; rh Alyd€u¥ Qposy Thuc. ii. 19: Skcarmanga), a range of mountains in Attica, lying between the plains of Athens andEleusis, from which Xerxes witnessed the battle of Sakmis. (Herod. /.<;.) It ended in a promon- torj, called Akphiale ('Aj^uiA77),oppodte Salamis, from which it was distant only two stadia according to Strabo (p. 395). The southern part of this range near the coast was called Corydalus or }}DGRG lkpl|Corydallus}} (Kopv^aX6sy Kopv8aAA<$t) from a demus of this name (Strab. /. c), and another part, through which there is a pass fh)m the plain of Athens into that of Eleusis, was named Poecilum (IIotK^Aoy, Pans. i. 37. § 7.) (Leake, Demi of Attica^ p. 2, seq.)

AEGA'TES I'NSULAE, the name given to a group of three small islands, lying off the western extremity of Sicily, nearly opposite to Drepanum and Lilybaenm. The name is supposed to be derived from the Greek Alyd^cr, the "Goat islands;" but this form is not found in any Greek author, and the

Latin writers have universally Aegates. Silius Italicus also (i. 61) makes the second syllable long. 1. The westernmost of the three, which is distant about 22 G. miles from the coast of Sicily, was called Hiera Cl«pd i^o-of, Ptol. Polyb. Diod.); but at a later period obtained the name of Maritima, from its lying so £eu: out to sea (Ittn. Marit. p. 492), and