Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/364

HYPERBOREI MONIES. hJA<yible meaning of a piun et belongs A mofe S. JaStaae, 35^ or ^7^« {^O'osmoSj vol. ii. pt 142, trans'.) f>/ ^ ---^ " [E. B. J.] BTI'ERBOREI MONIES. [Rhifabi Momtes.] HYPERBOREUS OGEANUS. [SiCFTiarnuo. 2IAUS OCBANUS.] HYPERE'SIA. [Aegkira.] UYPERIS (Plin. vi. 23. b. 26), a smal)' stream mentioned only by Pliny, which falls, according to him, into the middle of the Persian gulf. Forbiger has conjectored that it may be the same as that now called the Dja^rak, [V.] HYPERIELEAIUM ('TirepTf X^tov), a place in the territory of the Tiaconian Asopns, at the dis- tance of 60 stadia from the latter town, containing a temple of Asclepins. Ihe French Gommissiain dis- covered on the coast below the village of Dem6rna some Temai2)s of the inclosnre of tUs temple on a rock artificially oat, with many tombs excavated in the rock, and at 500 steps frcon the temple, nearer Demdma^ a fine source of water. (Pans. iii. 22. §.10 ; Bobkye, Becherehes^ ^. p. 98; Leake, Ps^oporme- nocoy p. 168; Onrtins, Pdopcmnuoaj vol. ii. p^ S94.) HYPHANIEIUM. [Boboiia, p. 412, a.] HYPHASIS fr^oo^ir, Anian, Anab. vi. 8, /ndL €. 2, S, 4), the most eastern and the most important of the five rivers which water the Panj&b. Rising in the western Bkndlehj it flows in two principal branches in a ooona nearly SW. (mider the names respectively of VipA$a and Siitadru till, at their jmiotioD, it takes the one name of S6tadr% which it retains till it falls into the Indos at MUimkoU, It is best known, however, by its modem name of Sutkdgty which is perhaps a comption of the Sanscrit SAtadm. It b<ffe in ancient as in modem times varions appellati<His, probably according to the dilferent parts of its course to which the writers referred. Ihns in Arrian (L e.) and Dio- doras (xviL 93) it appears nnder the form of Hy- phasu; in Pliny (vii. 17, 21) and Cnrtins (iz. 1) under that of Hypasis; while Ptolemy calls it Bi- baoa (fitSiffis, vii. 1. §§ 26, 27); aU these being evidentiy derived fiK>m &» native name of the west- em of its two principal arms, the Vipdta, On the other hand, in Strabo (zv. pp. 686, 691, 701), in Diodoms (iL 37), in Solinns (c 52), and in I)i<m. Parieg. (v. 1145), it bears liie tide of Hypanis. There can be no donbt that all these writers refer to one and the same river : for Strabo (zv. p. 700) and Arrian (/nd c. 2) both speak of it as the last of the rivers, that is, in reference to the advance of Alexander tiie Great into the East; while Pliny di- nctly states that the Hypasis was the limit of Akunder's march (vi. 17. s. 21). The Sanscrit name for the main stream after the junction of the two principal feeders, namely, the Sdiadru, seems not to have been wholly nnlmown to the ancients; for Ptolemy makes the Zaradms one of the tribu- taries of the Hyphens (2. c), and Pliny notes a river which he calls the Sydms or Hesidnis, which is probably the same (iL c). A little way before the SuUedffe fells into the Indus it receives the ChenSh, and with it the waters of all the other rivers of the Ponyrfft. [V.] HYPIUS CTirioff : JTaruti), a river of Bithynia, not fiur westward firam the Songarins. Ihe river itself is very small; but at its mouth it is so broad that the greater part of the fleet of Mithridates was enabled to take up its winter quarters in it (Apol- lan< Shod, ii 795; Scylaz, pb 34; Marcian. Herad. VOL. L HYBCANIA. 1105 p. 70 ; Steph. B. », v.; Arrian, PeripL p. 18, who calls it Hyppius ; Memnon, ap. Phot Cod. 44.) According to Scylaz, this river formed the boundary between Sie territories of the Bithyni and the Mari<> audyni. [L. S.] HYPSALTAE, one of the tribes of Thrace men- tioned by Pliny (iv. 18), but apparently the same as the 'Ttfo^Arroi spoken of by Steph. B. (», v. *Tifr}7.> Aij). [L. S.] HYPSAS (*Tif«5), is the name of two rivers iii Sicily, both in the southern part of the island. 1» The larger of the two, which may be called the Selinuntine Hypsas, from its flowing through the territory of tliat city, is the river now known as the BeUcij a krge stream which enters the sea about 4 miles £. of the ruins of Selinus. (Cluver. SicU, p. 230 ; D'Orville, ^t'ctito, p. 78.) It rises near Corleonej and has a course of above 30 miles from thence to the sea. No mention occurs of the Hypsas in history, but its name is noticed by Silius Italicus, as well as by Ptolemy and Pliny. (SO. Ital. ziv. 227 ; Plin. iii. 8. s. 14 ; PtoL iii. 4. § 6 ; Vib. Sequest p. 12.) The importance of this river to the Selinuntines is attested by the coins of Selinus, en some of which the river-god Hypsas (HYVA2 in Ar- chaic characters) is represented as sacrificing at an altar ; apparently refening to the river having been restrained from inundations which proved injurious to the salubrity of the city and its neighbourhood. (Eckhel, vol. i. p. 239 ; Mve. Hunt. pi. 48. fig. 25.) 2. A second river of the same name flowed beneath the walls of Agrigentum on their W, flank, and joined the Acragas just below the city. [Aom- OENTUM.] It is now called the Drago, and is a small stream, though flowing through a deep valley, till inomediately below the walls of Agrigentum. Considerable confusion exists among some modem writers with regard to the two rivers of Agrigentum : ' but the point is fully cleared up by Siefert (^Ahmgat u, sein Gebiet pp. 20 — 22). [Aorioentum]. PolyHus (is. 27) is the only author who mentions the Agrigentine Hypsas by name^ and he states dis- tinctly that it was the river flowing at the foot of thehillofAgrigentumontheWjmdSW. [E.H.B.] HYPSEXA CTtVMXiy, PtoL iv. 5. § 64; *T«hA«, Steph. B. a. v. ; *Ti^XiiiroAirwF wtf Atf , Socrat B. E, i. 32: Eih. 'Tif^Xfrirf), Uie capital of the Nomon Hypselites in Upper E^rpt (Lat. 27^ N.) It stood on the western side of the Nile, nearly opposite As- taeopolis. [W. B. D.] HYPSI (^infroi), a place in Laconia, containing temples of Asclepins and Artenus Daphnaea, situate 30 stadia finom the Cameium on Aft. Cnacadium. Leake places Hypsi at VcUh^t on the coast, but it was probably in the mountains in the interior. (Leake, Moreet^ vol. i. p. 276; Gnrtius, PeZqpon- nsfos, vol ii. p. 275.) HYPSU'S CTfiw, -ouwoj), a town of Arcadia, in the district Gynuria, situated upon a mountain of the same niune, said to have been founded by Hyp- sas, a son of LycaoiL It is pUu;ed by the French GommissioD at Stenaiitaa. (Pans. viii. 3. § 3, 35. §,7; Steph. B. a. v.; BobUye, Recherchetj ^. p. 161 ; Leske, PehpotmeriacOf p. 240.) HYRCA'NLA (^ ^TpKoyla : Eth. 'TpKoySs, 'Tp- KdMioty Hyrcanius), a province of Asia, which was bounded on the north by the Caspian, sometimes called from it the Hyrcanian sea; on the east by the Ozus (the JiAon or Amu-Darya)^ which separates it from Margiana; on the S. by the northern spurs of the Montes Sariphi (now Haxari), which separate 4b