the works he translated was 'A Tribute to the Memory of Ulric von Hütten, from the German of Goethe,' 1789, in the preface to which he pays a graceful tribute to the memory of one who took, he says, 'so distinguished and so useful a part' in the reformation. In 1795 he published a translation of 'Travels through various Provinces of the Kingdom of Naples,' 1789, from the German of Salis; and in 1822 'A Narrative of an Expedition from Tripoli to the Western Frontier of Egypt,' from the Italian of Delia Cella. A small work which excited much attention was his 'Warning to Britons against French Perfidy and Cruelty; or a Short Account of the Treacherous and Inhuman Conduct of the French Officers and Soldiers towards the Peasants of Suabia, during the Invasion of Germany in 1796, selected from well-authenticated German publications, with an address to the people of Great Britain by the translator,' 1798. He was also a frequent contributor to the 'Gentleman's Magazine,' under the pseudonym of ‘Viator A.' He died at Pisa on 29 Nov. 1833, in his seventy-seventh year.
[Gent. Mag. 1816, Ixxxvi. 381, 1834, n, s. i. 555; Annual Register, 1834, lxxvi. 247; Brit. Mus. Cat.; the Lockhart Papers, 1817, Preface; Annual Biography and Obituary, 1835, xix. 386.]
AUGUSTA SOPHIA (1768–1840), princess, daughter of George III and his sixth child, was born at Buckingham House, London, 8 Nov. 1768. The public reception on her birth took place on Sunday, 13 Nov., when two young girls, discovered carrying away the cups in which their caudle had been served, and secreting cake, were reprimanded on their knees (George III, his Court and Family, vol. i. p. 317). Princess Augusta is several times mentioned in Mme. d'Arblay's diary; she was sprightly enough in her manner to endure considerable banter from 'Mr. Turbulent' 1 March 1787, and to be called 'la Coquette corrigée' by him, on her supposed attachment to the Prince Royal of Denmark, then visiting at the castle (ibid. pp. 281 et seq.). She was partner to her brother, the Duke of York, in the historical country dance on the evening of the day, 1 June, 1789, when the duke had fought the duel with Colonel Lennox, and the Prince of Wales had resented the colonel's presence amongst his sisters by breaking up the ball (Annual Register, 1827, p. 438). She accompanied the king and queen later in the month to Weymouth, joining in the chorus of 'God save the King' at Lyndhurst (Diary of Royal Tour, 1789). In 1810 she was in attendance on her father, helping him to take exercise at Windsor, In 1816, 2 May, she was at Carlton House at the marriage of her niece, the Princess Charlotte. In May 1818 she gave 50l. to the National Society for the Education of the Poor. On 15 July 1819, she played and sang some of her own musical compositions to Mme. d'Arblay (Diary, vol. vii. p. 270). In 1820 she was again at Windsor attending to her father, whose death in that year was the occasion of her being supplied with residences of her own at Frogmore, and at Clarence House, St. James's. In this position of head of an establishment the princess showed the same pleasantness and patience she had shown in her parents' homes; and died at Clarence House 22 Sept. 1840 in her 72nd year (Annual Register, 1840, p. 176). She was buried at Windsor 2 Oct.
[Gent. Mag. lxxxvi. i. 462; lxxxvii. i. 559; IT. 270, 333, 334; lxxxviii. i. 462.]
AUGUSTINE, St. (d. 604), was the first archbishop of Canterbury. A famous story tells how the Roman deacon Gregory was attracted by the sight of some fair-haired boys exposed for sale in the slave-market of Rome, and vowed to convert these Angles into angels. Pope Gregory I carried out the design which he had formed, and sent to England a body of monks headed by Augustine, of whom we only know that he was prior of Gregory's monastery of St. Andrew in Rome. Augustine does not seem to have had much of the missionary spirit. He had not gone far before he returned to the pope, with a request from his comrades that they should not be compelled to undertake so dangerous a journey. Gregory I sent back Augustine with words of exhortation and encouragement. He had already secured for his missionaries a safe-conduct from the Frankish rulers of Gaul; and Ethelbert, king of Kent, had married a Frankish wife, Bertha, daughter of Charibert, king of Paris. Thus Augustine was not called upon to go into an entirely unknown land, nor one where Christianity was unheard of. Bertha was a christian, and on her marriage had stipulated that she should remain so. She brought with her as chaplain Liudhard, bishop of Senlis, and was allowed to use for christian services the ruined church of St. Martin outside Canterbury, which survived from Roman times (Bede, H. E. i. 26).
Thus Augustine came to England neither unexpected nor unbefriended. He and his company of forty monks landed in Thanet, and announced their arrival to Ethelbert. After a little consideration Ethelbert crossed to
