Wang Tzŭ-ts'ai 王梓材 (T. 四橋) and finally printed in 1846 by (T. Ho Shao-chi). The Chekiang Provincial Library possesses a further supplement, Sung Yüan hsüeh-an pu-i (補遺), an unprinted manuscript in 42 chüan which was completed by Wang Tzŭ-ts'ai in 1838, but is said to have been expanded to 100 chüan by 1842.
Huang Tsung-hsi's political philosophy is revealed in a short treatise, 明夷待訪錄 Ming-i tai fang lu, written in 1662, which was highly praised by such contemporaries as Ku Yen-wu. Because of its liberal ideas on kingship, the obligations of rulers, and the rights of the people, it was popularized by Liang Ch'i-ch'ao and his followers at the close of the Manchu dynasty as revolutionary literature. Only a few of Huang Tsung-hsi's mathematical works were published—ten are said to be extant in draft form in the home of a descendant. A copy of the aforementioned Calendar for the first year of the regency of the Prince of Lu is said to be in the possession of Lo Chên-yü (see under Chao Chih-ch'ien); another for the fifth year of the regency is owned by the historian, Ch'ên Yüan (see under Sunu). In the literary field Huang Tsung-hsi left a collection of verse, 南雷詩曆 Nan-lei shih-li in 4 chüan, and three collections of prose: Nan-lei wên-an (文案), Nan-lei wên-ting (定), and Nan-lei wên-yüeh (約). Nan-lei was the name of a peak in the Ssŭ-ming mountains where he had built a studio. Two collections of his works 黃棃洲遺書 Huang Li-chou i-shu (1905) and 棃洲遺箸彙刊 Li-chou i-chu hui-k'an (1910) are far from complete. He compiled several anthologies among which may be mentioned the 姚江逸詩 Yao-chiang i-shih, 15 chüan, arranged in 1672, an anthology of verse written by authors of his native place. During the years 1668–75 he produced a massive anthology of prose writings by authors of the Ming period, entitled 明文案 Ming-wên an, in 217 chüan. By 1693 this work was expanded to 482 chüan and the title was changed to Ming-wên hai (海) or "Ocean of Ming Literature". He extracted from this collection what he regarded as the most valuable parts and brought them together in 62 chüan under the title Ming-wên shou-tu (授讀) for his son—the above-mentioned Huang Po-chia—to study.
Huang Tsung-hsi had three sons: Huang Po-yao 黃百藥 (T. 棄疾, 1629–1694), Huang Chêng-i 黃正誼 (T. 直方, 1640–1693), and the aforementioned Huang Po-chia. All three became scholars, the youngest being the most accomplished. A son-in-law, Liu Mao-lin 劉茂林 (T. 子本, b. 1633), was a grandson of Liu Tsung chou. Wan Ch'êng-hsün (see under Wan Yen) was his grandson-in-law. In the year 1722 Chêng Hsing (see under Wan Yen) built in memory of Huang Tsung-hsi and his own grandfather, Chêng Chên 鄭溱 (T. 平子, H. 秦川, d. 1697 age 86 sui), a hall known as Êr-lao Ko (二老閣) which he used as a library to store the books of his family and some 30,000 chüan of Huang Tsung-hsi's collection, or that portion of it which had been preserved up to that time.
[1/486/4a; 3/404/14a; 4/131/1a; 20/1/00; M.1/245/12a; 21/1/15b; Yü-yao hsien-chih (1899) 23/1a; Nien-p'u by a 7th generation descendant, Huang Ping-hou 黃炳垕; Hsieh Kuo-chên 謝國楨, 黃棃洲學譜 Huang Li-chou hsüeh-p'u; W.M.S.C.K.; Liang Ch'i-ch'ao 梁啟超, 黃棃洲朱舜水乞師日本辨 in 飲氷室文集 Yin-ping-shih wên-chi (1925) 67/23b; Ma T'ai-Hsüan 馬太玄, 黃宗羲之生平及其箸述 Sun Yatsen University Bulletin of Institute of History and Language v. 2, no. 15, p. 66; Ch'ên Têng-yüan 陳登原, 書明夷待訪錄後, Nanking Journal v. 4, No. 2, p. 277; Hu Shih 胡適, 宋元學案補遺四十二卷本跋, Library Science Quarterly vol. 1, no. 3, p. 473; Notice on 宋元學案 in Chekiang Library Bi-monthly vol. 2, no. 3, p. 74; Report of the Librarian of Congress (1930) pp. 351–353; for partial translation of Ming-i tai fang lu see T'ang Leang Li, The Inner History of the Chinese Revolution (1930) pp. 2–3; Huang Ssŭ-ai 黃嗣艾, 南雷學案 Nan-lei hsüeh-an (1936).]
HUANG Tsung-yen 黃宗炎 (T. 晦木, 立谿, H. 鷓鴣先生), 1616–1686, scholar, artist, Ming loyalist, second son of Huang Tsun-su (see under Huang Tsung-hsi), was a native of Yü-yao, Chekiang. He, together with his elder brother, Huang Tsung-hsi [q. v.], and his younger brother, Huang Tsung-hui 黃宗會 (T. 澤望, H. 縮齋, 石田先生, 1618–1663), were known as the "Three Huangs" 三黃. All were pupils of the last prominent Ming philosopher, Liu Tsung-chou [q. v.]. Early in the Ch'ung-chên period (1628–1644) Huang Tsung-yen became a senior licentiate. When Peking fell to the Manchus he disposed of some of his property in order to finance the restoration of the waning dynasty. He and his elder brother went to the vicinity of Shaohsing to meet the Prince of Lu (see under Chu I-hai) and organized the volunteer encampment known as Shih-chung ying (see under Huang Tsung-hsi). He was twice—in 1650 and
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