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3. The definite article is never used in Esperanto before proper names, as:
Unuigitaj Ŝtatoj Amerikaj. The United States of America.
Francujo estas pli varma ol Anglujo.[1] France is warmer than England.
4. The definite article is used in Esperanto before nouns denoting the totality of persons or things re- presented, as:
La homo estas mortema, man is mortal.
The Noun.
1. The noun, in Esperanto, invariably ends in "o," as:
Patro, father. Patrino, mother. Arbo, tree.
2. The plural is formed by adding "j" (pron. "y") to the singular, as:
Patroj, fathers. Patrinoj, mothers. Arboj, trees.
3. The objective case (sometimes named the Accusative) is formed by adding "n" to the singular or plural, as:
Mi havas floron, birdon kaj libron.
I have a flower, a bird and a book.
Mi havas florojn birdojn kaj librojn.
I have flowers, birds and books.
This form of the objective is not used in English, but as Esperanto is a language to be used by all nations, and having to unite clearness with simplicity, it had to be so formed that however the words in a sentence may be arranged, the subject and object cannot be read one for another.[2]
