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104
Memory
4) With derivation of the series by skipping seven intermediate syllables.
The original series were
learned in x seconds
The corresponding
derived series, in y seconds
The latter, therefore,
with a saving of z seconds
x= y= z=
1191 1120 71
1191 1185 6
1237 1295 ―58
1350 1306 44
1308 1260 48
1289 1158 131
m 1261 1221 40


5) With derivation of the series by retaining the first and last syllables in position and changing the rest by chance.
x= y= z=
1305 1180 125
1206 1205 1
1310 1426 ―116
1163 1089 74
1272 1388 ―116
1309 1305 4
m 1261 1266 ―5


By derivation of the transformed series by skipping 1, 2, 3, 7 intermediate syllables, the derived series were therefore learned with an average saving of 110, 79, 64, 40 seconds. On the contrary with derivation of the series by permutation of the syllables the learning required an average increase in expenditure of 5 seconds.

Taken as a whole, these last results exactly confirm, as can be seen, the result that was obtained at the beginning. The number of these experiments was proportionally small and, during the course of each experiment, there was complete exclusion of knowledge as to results. In spite of these facts and although the numbers, considered individually, seem to be distributed without regard to law, their grouping, when taken as a whole, is seen to be in conformity to a simple law. The fewer are the intervening members which separate two syllables of a series which has been learned by heart, the less is the resistance offered by these separated syllables to their being learned in a new order.