10 a. xii. OCT. IB, 1909.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
315
almanacks published in this country."
In that monumental work of over 1,000 pages
particulars are given of scores of news-
sheets and papers, beginning, say, in 1622,
and extending to 1800, since which date
the term " early " hardly applies, though
Timperley brings his enumeration down to
1838. My copy is the second edition, issued
by H. G. Bohn in 1842, for which I paid
less than a sovereign. It is a book without
which, as the advertisements say of less
useful things, " no library is complete."
RICHARD WELFORD. Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
GOTHAM AND THE GOTHAMITES (10 S. xii. 128, 198, 253).' The Wise Men of Gotham ' is a story in ' Cameos,' by Miss Marie Corelli, published in 1896. W. A. H.
In Chambers's ' Book of Days,' i. 463, are some lines by an anonymous writer, beginning :
Tell me no more of Gotham fools, Or of their eels, in little pools,
Which they, we're told, were drowning.
TOM JONES..
THE LAST PRIOR OF TWYNHAM (10 S. xii. 221). Mr. Herbert Druitt of Christchurch kindly informs me that Draper's tombstone now " lies in front of the chantry screen, having been moved there from " before the choir door " quite needlessly, in order to put up a pew in its place " ; and that James Trime, who is probably identical with Draper's executor, was " a burgess of Christchurch in 1555." A. R. BAYLEY.
TURNSPIT DOGS (10 S. xii. 247). Much information relating to turnspit dogs up to 1884 will be found at 6 S. x. 271.
The custom of churning by means of a dog in a treadmill is still common in Wales on small farms. A large wheel is placed in a slanting position outside the house, and this, by means of a crank, tarns a churn. The motive power is the dog, pedalling the wheel much in the same fashion (except that he is inside) as the treadmill was worked. In April, 1901, there was a case of alleged cruelty before the Carnarvon magistrates, in which a farmer named Owen Jones was charged with causing a dog to be thus ill- treated and tortured. A rope attached to the wall was passed through the dog's collar, so that when the animal became exhausted he could not rest, as if he slipped off the wheel he would have to hang until he regained his position, the result being partial strangulation. For the defence, how-
ever, a dog was produced in court which wa^
said to be "a hundred years old," had done
wheel-work for years, and was still in good
condition ; while a veterinary surgeon said
that he saw the dog working quietly lor
twenty minutes without a chain, and there
was absolutely no cruelty. The magistrates
determined to see for themselves how the
custom worked at a farm in Snowdonia,
upon which they dismissed the case, but
cautioned the defendant not to chain the
dog to his work, saying that if farmers
let the dogs churn unchained, but with a
guard round them to prevent their running
away, there would be no cruelty.
A similar machine, worked by two dogs, is still in use in some dairies in England (see illustration and account of the dog-churn in The Daily Mail, 25 April, 1901). See also Walford's Antiquary, vol. xii. p. 39 ; Halliwell's ' Literature of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,' p. 69 ; Timbs's ' Something for Everybody,' p. 60 ; and an illustration in ' Ten Thousand Wonderful Things,' by Edmund F. King, M.A., p. 101.
J. HOLDEN MACMlCHAEL. ,
Early in the present century I was at Beaune, and I seem to remember having T^een told at the hospital there that a dog turnspit was still in use. This hospital, founded by Nicholas Rolin, Chancellor of Burgundy, in 1443, is a most interesting place to visit. ST. SWITHIN.
PELLICAN FAMILY (10 S. xii. 268). In an old MS. armorial (early eighteenth century) in my possession the arms of this family are given as Vert, a pelican or. I see, how- ever, that Papworth ascribes these arms to the family of Solers.
H. J. B. CLEMENTS. Killadoon, Cellridge.
The Ancestor, vol. iv. p. 236, in a lengthy article on ' A Fifteenth- Century Book of Arms,' has : " Sable, a fesse silver between iij pellycanys of sylvyr wounding them- selves. Wylyam Pellesaii. Yorke chyre." There are numerous illustrations, but none of this, apparently.
There is " Robert Pellican " in Close Roll, 6 Ric. II. pt. ii. CAIUS.
MARRIAGE RELATIONSHIPS (10 S. xii. 268). The only explanation seems to be that Wm. Rowland -married his own ille- gitimate daughter. Thus : Rowland is his wife's father, and her son's grandfather. The boy's mother becomes his grandmother by marrying his grandfather. His father
