io" s. ii. NOV. 26, 1904.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
423
while roanoke was the Virginian name for
white shell- money, the New Englanders
called it pear/ and waminim. The black beads
were called in New England mmvhakees and
suckan/iock. The Virginians called their kings
weroivances, but the Eastern Algon quins
called them sachems and sagamores, the
former being the Narragansett, the latter
the Penobscot equivalent ; although some
authors (e.g., Lechford, in his * Plain Dealer,'
1642) discriminate between them, making
> it-hem a superior and sagamore an inferior
chief. Among other Eastern Algonquin
terms in English are Eskimo, hominy* manito,
nocake, papoose, poivoiv, samp, squash, squaw,
succotash, wigwam. Zoological terms from
this source are moose, musquash* pekan, skunk,
wampoose, and many kinds of fish, menhaden,
mummychog, pauJiagen, pooquaiv, quaJiaug,
scup, squeteague, tautaug, terrapin, togue,
tomcod, touladi.
The Northern Algonquin element, as already stated, is of a modern cast. Current works on Canada abound with terms such as metasses, mocock, muskamoot, muskeg, nitchies, pemmican, sagamity* totem, watap. Zoological terms are carcajou, chipmuck, musquaw, quick- hatch, wapacut, wapiti, ivaivaskeesh,whiskyjohn, woodchuck ; and kinds of fish, such as maski- nonge, namaycush, siscowet, tiitymeg* tullibee. Botanical terms are kinnikinik, sackagoming, both used as substitutes for tobacco, or for mixing with it. De Peyster, in his * Miscel- lanies,' 1888, p. 9, makes humorous reference to the poor man
Who can't afford to light a pipe
Until the sackagoming 's ripe.
JAS. PLATT, Jun.
EMERSON AND LOWELL: INEDITED
VERSK.
ALTHOUGH we naturally think of Emerson as a moralist rather than as a poet, there is a fine haunting ring about many of his verses and the quality is so high that every frag- ment is worth preserving. I have recently found some of nis poetry in a publication little known in the United States, and still less known in this country. Another volume of the same work contains a narrative poem by James Russell Lowell which does not appear in his collected works. Some notice of these finds may be of interest.
The * Liberty Bell ' was an annual founded by Mrs. Maria Weston Chapman, which was produced for sale at a reunion of the Aboli- tionists. The "Anti-Slavery Fair" was the official title of what would now be called a yearly bazaar, held at the time of the annual
meeting of the band of " fanatics " whose-
advice, had it been taken, would have saved
America from the horrors of the Civil War..
The * Liberty Bell ' was edited by Edmund
^uincy during a portion, if not the whole, of
its existence. It began in 1839, and con-
tinued until 1853 or later. I do not know of
any English library possessing a set, although
the British Museum has a few volumes. The
- Liberty Bejl ' was probably modelled on the
annuals * Keepsakes,' ' Forget-me-nots,' and the like which at that time were produced in almost alarming profusion in this country. It, however, did not depend upon pictures, which formed the prime attraction of the English bijou books.
Whilst the ' Liberty Bell ' was a distinctly, anti-slavery book, the contributors were by no means confined to that single theme. With rare exceptions the American *' intel- lectuals " were abolitionists ; Emerson, Long- fellow, Lowell, Whittier, all bore their testi- mony against slavery. Two volumes of the
- Liberty Bell ' are before me. In that for
1851 is Lowell's 'Yusaouf,' and in that for 1849 appears the * Burial of Theobald,' which I have failed to find in his collected works. It is a narrative poem, describing the burial of a monk of saintly reputation.' When the dirge had been sung the corpse suddenly, raised itself :
"Jtmtojwlicio," thus groaned he,
" Dei damnat-its sum," And then sank backward silently
To be forever dumb.
He lived a lone and prayerful life : Penance was his and gnawing fast, Much wrestling with an inward strife^ To win the crown at last ; Full oft his rebel flesh had known Sharp scourge-sores festering to the bone.
No sound of earth could pierce his cell,
He sought not fame or pelf,
Below he saw the fires of hell,
And prayed and scourged and fasted well
Therefrom to save himself ;
His heart he starved and mortified ;
Love knocked and turned away denied.
Such graces rare, and such an end God grant us all our lives to mend ! Was not a monk among the whole Could read this riddle lor his soul ; Some hinted at a secret crime, A vow unpaid, a penance broke, But clearer views and more sublime Prevailed, and all agreed in time, 'Twas Satan, not their saint, that spoke.
If this does not reach Lowell's highest level it is still very characteristic, especially in the humorous touch with which he ends an effective moralizing. Sir John Bowring, Mrs. Hornblower (Roscoe's daughter), Miss
