370
NOTES AND QUERIES. [us. XL MAY 8,1915.
to the village in Yorkshire from which your
correspondent, suggests the name was de-
rived. I cannot find any modern use of
the name as spelt during the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries. Is it likely that the
name has now become Mangnall ?
ARCHITJAID SPABKE, F.R.S.L.
" WELL ! OF ALL AND OF ALL ! " (11 S. xi. 299.) I have known this all my life, and as an expression of astonishment. On hearing an astounding story a Derbyshire woman would lift up her hands and exclaim, "Well ! of all an' all things!"
THOS. RATCLIFFK.
This expression is frequently used by working people in Worcestershire. Tn Kent the similar expression," Well ! of all the " is in general use. R. VATIC HAN GOWEB.
PHYSIOLOGICAL SURNAMES : LAUGHER (US. xi. 147, 237). In Wilson's ' Wonderful Characters,' 1830 arid 1842, are the portrait and an account of Thomas Laugher, " better known by the name of Old Tommy, a striking instance of tho good effect of temperance on the human constitution, for to this cause his venerable age must undoubtedly be in a great measure ascribed."
The subject of this memoir was born at Markley, Worcestershire, and baptized, as appears by the register, in January, 1700, his parents being natives of Shropshire, his father dying at the age of 97 and his mother at that of 108. They removed to London the year after his birth, and Thomas, afterwards resident in the metropolis, died there in 1812, at the surprising age of 112 years, having had a sou who died in his father's lifetime at the f?2e of 80.
W. B. H.
DUCK'S STORM: GOOSE'S STORM (11 S. xi. 188, 254). In the Xi rth of Scotland the storm that usually comes at the end of March is known as the "Teuchet's Storm," because along with it nocks of teuchets, i.e. lapwings, appear. The next storm, at the beginning of May, popularly known as the " Gab of May," is called the " Gowk's Storm," owing to the fact that the cuckoo (or gowk) is usually first heard about that time.
J. A. 0.
CHARLKS MANNING, c. 1750 (11 S. xi. 280). According to Hennessy's ' Novum Reper- torium Ecclesiasticum,' p. 21.0, Charles Manning was appointed Vicar of Hayes by George Cooke as Patron 28 Sept., 1739, and resigned in 1757.
JOHN B. WAINKWRIGHT.
THE BANNER OF SIR PHILIP FRANCIS*
(US. xi. 240, 245, 317). The banner is in
the keeping of Mrs. Philip Francis, widow of
my late brother, at Shortheath, Farnham,.
Surrey. A. L. FRANCIS.
Blundell House, Tiverton, Devon.
011 Stocks.
Records o/ the Worshipful Company of Carpenters..
Vol. II. (Printed for the Company.) THE history of the City Companies has always been a subject of interest to the readers of ' N. & Q., v and in 1912 and 1913 Mr. Jonas and Mr. McMurray contributed to our columns a series of notes on their early records. Herbert's ' History of the Twelve Great Livery Companies,' published in 1836-7, is well known; and since the Report of the Royal Commission in 1880 we have had Mr.. Hazlitt's 'Livery Companies of London' (1892V and Mr. Ditchfield's sumptuous volume (1904) recording the vast schemes of benevolence and' charity administered by the Livery Companies.
We are now, however, concerned especially with- the Carpenters' Company. In 1848 Edward Basil Jupp, the Clerk of the Company, published through- Pickering his ' Historical Account of the Company of Carpenters of London,' of which in 1887 a new edition appeared, with a supplement by Mr. Pocock ; and Mr. Bower Marsh, who has tran- scribed these 'Records' from the Wardens' Account Book, states that Jupp's history forms the best introduction to them. This second volume- contains the accounts for 1438-1516. They are taken from a book of 182 folios, which has been strongly bound to ensure its preservation. The accounts were kept in English, and appear to have been written by professional scriveners
Until recently the date of the founding of the- Company was uncertain, but this has been settled by the discovery of the "Boke " of the Ordinances of the Brotherhood of the Carpenters of London. This is in the Public Record Office, and the Ordi- nances are dated 1333. The document was tran- scribed and edited by Mr. Charles Welch, and printed by order of the Company in 1912. The word "carpenter" occurs only 'three times in the docket, heading, and opening statement; in the Ordinances themselves the sole hints as to the nature of the calling of the Fraternity are an allu- sion to danger from the falling of houses and the mention of St. Joseph as joint patron.
In the period between 1333 and the date at which' this volume begins (1438) the Fraternity has deve- loped into a Company, which, although still lacking formal incorporation and recognition in the City or State, has identified itself with an important craft, and is going the way of other City Companies, with its Yeomanry, Livery, and rudimentary Court of Assistants meeting in their own Halls, and regu- lating admission of journeyman, freeman, and' apprentice.
Carpenters' Hall was built in 1429, but the royal' charter incorporating the Company was not ob- tained until the 7th of July, 1477. Mr. Marsh suggests that the delay was probably caused through the disturbance and internal strife by which Eng- land was then troubled, though these have left no- trace in the accounts. Expenses, however, are?
