12 S. X.MAY 13, 1922.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 375 not seen I do not know of any other con- temporary references to him. MB. RYE desires evidence of the pre- existence of the London parish of Cole- church. The topography of early London is a field into which I do not propose to ven- ture ; but in the ' Victoria County History ' (i. 179-80) my sister asserted that all the medieval City parishes, except, possibly, St. Mary Mounthaw, were defined by the end of the twelfth century, " and in all prob- ability much earlier," referring for evidence to the section on Topography. That, un- fortunately, is not available, as the ' His- tory ' came to a standstill when only vol. i. of London had been published. But I be- lieve a large collection of material for it reason for leaving the Navy was that "it was so far from port to port." I am trying to get together a complete collection of Mr. Neale's works, and should be glad to hear of any that are for disposal. S. A. GRUNDY-NEWMAN. exists. E. JEFFRIES DAVIS. WILLIAM JOHNSTOUN NELSON NEALE (12 S. x. 310). Mr. Neale had a long and eventful career. He was the second son of Dr. Adam Neale, Physician Extraordinary to the Duke of Kent, his maternal grand- father being Captain Walter Young, who held a command in the Fleet at the taking of St. Eustacia and was Flag -Cap tain to Lord Rodney. He was born, in 1 81 2, and, entering the Navy in 1824, served as a midshipman for some years, and commanded the fore- castle quarters of H.M.S. Talbot at the Battle of Navarino in 1827, receiving the Naval medal. In 1846 he married Frances Herbert Nisbet, eldest grandchild and co- heiress of Viscountess Nelson. After leaving the Navy he studied law, and was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1836, subsequently joining the Oxford Circuit, and practising at the Salop and Stafford Sessions. He was for some time High Bailiff of the Birmingham County Court, and was appointed Recorder of Walsall in 1859, an appointment which he held unti" his death on April 1, 1893, at Cheltenham. Mr. Neal3 was a somewhat prolific writer oi fiction, as well as author of several treatises his works including the following : ' Caven dish,' ' The Port Admiral,' ' Will Watch,
- The Naval Surgeon,' ' Gentleman Jack,
' Worthy Montague,' ' The Captain's Wife, ' The Lost Ship,' ' The Pride of the Mess, ' Paul Periwinkle,' ' The Flying Dutchman, ' Treatise on the Law of Elections,' anc ' History of the Mutiny at the Nore.' I met him on many occasions at th< Walsall Quarter Sessions. He was a gooc sportsman and a man of genial and kindly character, with a large store of witty anc racy anecdote. He used to say that his Walsall. ACTING ENGINEER (12 S. x. 329). The
- orps of " Royal Military Artificers," which
ixisted in the latter part of the eighteenth
- entury and after, and which later became
he " Royal Sappers and Miners," was always very much under strength, and that act was a frequent cause of complaint especially by the Duke of Wellington. 3 rofessor Oman estimates that the strength of the corps in officers was " not much over hirty " at one period of the Peninsular War. infantry battalions were consequently drawn upon to supply the deficiencies, and this system continued in force up to and including }he Crimean War, in spite of the increased Dersonnel of the regular Engineer services. These acting Engineers, as they were called, were always foremost in the storming of fortresses, and I think received extra pay ; but certainly no civilians were employed on such services under Wellington. C. S. C. (Bt.-CoI.). THE CROSSED KEYS AT YORK (12 S. x. 328). ST. SWITHIN'S authorities must have misled him. Both the York keys are silver. Both Bedford (' Blazon of Episcopacy,' 2nd ed., Oxford, 1897, p. 134) and Parker (' Glossary of Heraldry.' Oxford, 1847, p. 237) give the arms of the See of York as Gules, two keys in saltire argent, in chief a royal crown or (Bedford), proper (Parker). The royal crown seems to have been substituted for a papal tiara by Wolsey in 1515. An early specimen of the royal crown is in a window in the chapel of Queen's College, Oxford, given to the college in 1518 by Dr. Robert Langton, who seems to have been a friend or protege of Wolsey. In earlier times the archiepiscopal arms of York seem to have been the same as those of Canterbury Azure, an archiepis- copal staff headed with a cross patee or, surmounted of a pall argent, charged with four (or five) crosses patee fitchy sable. Parker (ubi sup.) says that York generally had the field gules. The keys with the papal tiara are found " upon the reverse of the seal " of Archbishop Waldeby as early as 1396, and the Canterbury arms are found as late as on the seal of Archbishop Lee in
