48 LoN L. Swift
products came from land cultivated by this class of farmers.
Owners, therefore, maintained about an equal percentage of
live stock and products in proportion to the value of the land
which they cultivated, and a higher per cent of each than the
relative value of the land on which they farmed, making it
evident that they were a thrifty, productive class of farmers,
and that no one class of agriculture was especially followed by
those who operated the farms which they owned. What was
true of Oregon in this respect was equally true of the other
geographical divisions.
Tenants, on the whole, in each of the five divisions, reported
a smaller per cent of live stock than valuation of farm property
operated by them, but almost an equal ratio of farm produce.
In Oregon, their percentage of farm output, though less in
live stock than in produce, was especially small in both.
Tenant farming may be said to be unfavorable to the raising
of live stock and better adapted tO' the production of cereals
and other crops; but, in Oregon, it is not a success in either.
Farms operated by owners, which represent two classes of
farms, owned and rented, form a go-between of renting and
ownership, holding about an equal ratio in output to valua-
tion. This class of renters, however, are, doubtless, more self-
reliant and earnest farmers than other tenants. Yet in Oregon,
the farm output of part owners was in 1900 lower in percent-
age than the valuation of the farms.
Farms operated by managers had a very high valuation of
live stock in proportion to the value of the land controlled
by them, and the value of products raised on these farms was
not below the average. This means of farming, unlike ten-
ancy, is exceedingly favorable to the raising of live stock, and
is not altogether bad for the production of cereals and other
crops. It has produced better results in all kinds of farming
in Oregon than have been obtained through renting. Owners
and tenants, the third class of farmers, have not specialized
in any particular lines of farming, nor have they proved overly
successful.----
