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PICTURE-WRITING AND WORD-WRITING.
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an Iroquois dictionary, and that the editor says it is written on Canadian paper, but he gives no reason for thinking so. So far as one can judge from the published copy, it may have been done by a German boy in his own country. One of the drawings shows a man with what seems a mitre on his head, speaking to three figures standing reverently before him. This personage is entitled "grosshud" (great-hat), a common term among the German Jews, who speak of their rabbis, in all reverence, as the "great hats."

The Abbé Domenech had spent many years in America, and was, no doubt, well acquainted with Indian pictures. Moreover, the resemblance which struck him as existing between the pictures he had been used to see among the Indians, and those in the "Book of the Savages," is quite a real one. A great part of the pictures, if painted on birch-bark or deer-skins, might pass as Indian work. The mistake he made was that his generalization was too narrow, and that he founded his argument on a likeness which was only caused by the similarity of the early development of the human mind.

Map-making is a branch of picture-writing with which the savage is quite familiar, and he is often more skilful in it than the generality of civilized men. In Tahiti, for instance, the natives were able to make maps for the guidance of foreign visitors.[1] Maps made with raised lines are mentioned as in use in Peru before the Conquest,[2] and there is no doubt about the skill of the North American Indians and Esquimaux in the art, as may be seen by a number of passages in Schoolcraft and elsewhere.[3] The oldest map known to be in existence is the map of the Ethiopian gold-mines, dating from the time of Sethos I., the father of Rameses II.,[4] long enough before the time of the bronze tablet of Aristagoras, on which was inscribed the circuit of the whole earth, and all the sea and all rivers.[5]

  1. ↑ Gustav Klemm, 'Allgemeine Cultur-Geschichte der Menschheit;' Leipzig, 1843–52, vol. iv. p. 396.
  2. ↑ Rivero and v. Tschudi, 'Antigüedades Peruanas;' Vienna, 1851, p. 124. Prescott, 'Peru;' vol. i. p. 116.
  3. ↑ Schoolcraft, part i. pp. 334, 353; part iii. pp. 256, 485. Harmon, 'Journal; Andover, 1820, p. 371. Klemm, C. G., vol. ii. pp. 189, 280.
  4. ↑ Birch, in 'Archæologia,' vol. xxxiv. p. 382.
  5. ↑ Herod, v. 49.
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