Sanskrit and Prakrit (in Devanagari script)
When Sanskrit is written in another script, the corresponding letters in that script are transliterated according to this table.
Vowels and Diphthongs (see Note 1)
अa | ॠr̥̄ |
आā | ऌl̥ |
इi | एe |
ईī | ऐai |
उu | ओo |
ऊū | औau |
ऋr̥ |
Consonants (see Note 2)
Gutturals | Palatals | Cerebrals | Dentals |
क ka | च ca | ट ṭa | त ta |
ख kha | छ cha | ठ ṭha | थ tha |
ग ga | ज ja | ड ḍa | द da |
घ gha | झ jha | ढ ḍha | ध dha |
ङ ṅa | ञ ña | ण ṇa | न na |
Labials | Semivowels | Silibants | Aspirate |
प pa | य ya | श śa | ह ha |
फ pha | र ra | ष ṣa | |
ब ba | ल la | स sa | |
भ bha | ळ ḻa | ||
म ma | व va | ||
Anusvāra (see Note 3) | Anunāsika | Visarga | Jihvāmūlīya |
◌ं ṃ | ◌ँ m̐ | ◌ः ḥ | ᳵ ẖ |
Upadhmānīya | Avagraha (see Note 4) | ||
ᳶ ḫ | ऽ ’ (apostrophe) |