188
THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — ZANZIBAR
Finance. — The revenue and expenditure for 6 years were as follows
Tear
Revenue
from Customs
Total
Revenue
(excluding
loans)
Expenditure
Tear
1917 1918 1919
Revenue
from Customs
Total
Revenue
(excluding
loans)
Expen- diture
1913 191ft 1916
£ 167,363 162,284 156,935
£ 275,126 21)7,405 281,162
£
248,356 203,968 280,203
£
152,620
222.442 225,044
£ 297,746 387,371 407.505
£
259,961 271,874 323.418
Besides Customs, the chief sources of revenue in 1919 were: interest on investments, 27,069/.; railway and electricity department, 14,060/.; agricultural department, 22,723/. ; court fees, fines, etc., 61,192/. ; rent, British East Africa, 11,000/.; shipping, 24,380/.; rent of Government pro- perty, land and houses, 10,129/. The chief heads of expenditure in 1919 were: public works department, 47,522/. ; shipping, 18,690/. ; police and prisons, 14,294/.; railway and electricity department, 15,773/.; judicial department, 12,105/.; agricultural department, 19,446/.
Public debt at end of 1919, 100,000/. ; sinking fund, 59,098/.
Production and Industry. — The clove industry is by far the most important in the Protectorate, the Islands of Zanzibar and Pemba yielding the bulk of the world's supply. It is estimated that there are in both islands about 52,000 acres under cloves and about 4f million trees in bearing, the average output of recent years being 14 million lbs. The output in 1919-20 was about 29,000,000 lbs., the largest on record. The large planta- tions are chiefly owned by Arabs, but many natives possess small holdings. The coconut industry ranks next in importance after cloves, the conditions in both islands being favourable to the growth of the tree and its nut- bearing properties. It is estimated that there are about 48,000 acres under cultivation and 1\ million trees in both islands. The export of copra, which is steadily increasing, Amounted in 1919 to 14,177 tons. Much is produced by the small grower or trader, neither of whom possesses proper drying facilities, with a result that the quality of the product compares unfavourably with that of Cochin and Ceylon.
The manufactures are pottery, coir fibre and rope, soap, oil (coconut and simsim), jewellery, and mats. There are no mines in the Protectorate.
Commerce.
were : —
-The total imports, exports, and shipping for 6 years,
Imports
(Including bullion
and specie)
" Exports (Including bullion and specie)
Shipping entered (gross tonnage)
British
Tons
Total
&
£
Tons
1918
1,103.848
1,048,866
585,581
1,602,920
1915
808,877
791,016
442,952
650,044
1916
1,259,820
1,052,167
358,576
647,543
1817
1,760,094
1,848,792
314,224
465,186
1918
2,866.390
2,183,597
250,668
378,895
1919
1,934,169
2,444.011
396,619
682,805
