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146 BOTTS BOUCHER usually when the vessel is in some foreign port, and he has no other resources for obtaining the necessary supplies. It would impair the obligation of the bond if there were in fact means of getting such supplies without hy- pothecation of the ves- sel, and this was known to the lender. A bot- tomry bond is a pledge of the ship and freight ; a respondentia bond is a pledge of the cargo ; but both ship and cargo may be included in the same instrument. As respects the cargo there is not strictly a lien for the money lent, except in case of partial loss ; but if the voyage is suc- cessfully performed, the obligation is merely personal, unless an express provision be inserted in the bond for a specific lien upon the goods. BOTTS, John Minor, an American politician, born in Dumfries, Prince William co., Va., Sept. 16, 1802, died in Culpeper co., Jan. 7, 1869. After practising law a few years in Richmond, he settled on a farm in Henrico county. In 1833 he was elected to the state legislature, and was several times reflected. In 1839 he was returned to the 27th congress, and there advocated most of the points of Mr. Clay's programme a national bank, a protec- tive tariff, and the distribution among the states of the proceeds of the public lands. Though Jong a warm and intimate friend of John Tyler, Mr. Botts at once abandoned him on his seces- sion from the whig party ; and in the presiden- tial election of 1844 he supported Mr. Clay. After serving two terms in congress, he was defeated in 1843, but was again elected in 1847. In 1852 he resumed the practice of law in Rich- mond. After the death of Mr. Clay, and the dissolution of the whig party, he became at- tached to the American party. He was op- posed to the repeal of the Missouri compro- mise, and sympathized with those southern members of congress who resisted the passage of the Lecompton bill in 1858. In 1861 he en- deavored to prevent the secession of Virginia, and throughout the civil war was inflexibly faithful to the Union. He was imprisoned for a few weeks in 1862, and his farm in Culpeper county, where he then resided, was several times devastated. After the war he published "The Great Rebellion, its Secret History," &c. (New York, 1866). lie was one of the signers of the bail bond of Jefferson Davis (1867). BOTZARIS. See BOZZAEIS. BOTZEN (Ital. Bolzano), a town of Tyrol, Austria, in the circle of Brixen, beautifully situ- ated at the confluence of the Talfer and Eisack, Eotzen. the latter of which empties into the Adigo 2 m. below the town, and on the Brenner railway, 52 m. S. of Innspruck; pop. in 1869, 9,357, chiefly Italians. It is surrounded by mountains and built in an Italian style, many streets being bordered with arcades. It is protected against inundations by a strong dike. In the parish church, a Gothic building of the 14th century, is a monument of the arehduke Rainer. In the new cemetery on the E. side of the church is a fine monument by Schnorr. The wine of Terlau, produced in the vicinity, is celebrated, and the country abounds in other good wines and in excellent fruit. The principal articles of trade are silk, leather, and fruit, and fhere are four annual fairs, the situation of the town at the junction of the roads to Germany, Italy, and Switzerland producing great commercial activity. The weekly markets are especially interesting, owing to the variety of Tyrolese costumes. The Roman citadel Pons Drusi probably occupied the site of Botzen. BOUCHARDON, Edme, a French sculptor, born May 29, 1698, died in Paris, July 27, 1762. He was the son of an architect and sculptor, studied in Paris, obtained a prize in 1723, and spent ten years in Rome, where he executed busts of Clement XI. and other great personages. The king recalled him to Paris, where he suc- cessively became designer to the academy of fine arts, member of the academy, and pro- fessor. Among his principal works are a foun- tain in the rue de Grenelle, which still exists, and his bronze equestrian statue of Louis XV., which was destroyed in 1792. The museum of modern statuary in the Louvre contains a cabinet which bears his name, and his statues of Amor and of Christ. Caylus wrote his life (Paris, 1762), and Bardon, Anecdotes sur la mart de Bouchardon (1764). BOUCHER, Francois, a French painter, born in Paris, Sept. 29, 1703, died there, May 30, 1770. He painted with remarkable facility,