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470 BUKNET BURNETT Orange in 1686, he so actively took part in the preparations for a change of rulers in England, that James II. ordered him to be prosecuted for high treason and demanded his person from the states general, but without effect, as, by tak- ing as his second wife a Dutch lady of great wealth, named Scott, he had previously ac- quired the rights of naturalization in Holland. Burnet accompanied William to England in 1688 as his chaplain, and was soon after made bishop of Salisbury. In the house of lords Bishop Burnet declared himself in favor of mod- erate measures toward nonjuring divines, and for the toleration of Protestant dissenters. He acted as chairman of the committee to whom the bill of rights was referred. In 1689 he preached the coronation sermon of William and Mary. Soon after his installation in Salisbury, he addressed to the clergy of his diocese a pas- toral letter, in which was a paragraph capable of being taken as a declaration that the title of William and Mary to the crown might be grounded on the right of conquest. Three years afterward, in January, 1693, the house of commons ordered the letter to be burned by the common hangman. In 1694 he preached the funeral sermon of Archbishop Tillotson ; in 1695 he published " An Essay on the Character of Queen Mary;" in 1696, "A Vindication of Archbishop Tillotson." In 1698 he became tutor to the young duke of Gloucester, son of the princess Anne, and in the same year (hav- ing lost his second wife) married Mrs. Berke- ley, a rich widow, the authoress of a "Method of Devotion." In 1 699 appeared his celebrated "Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England;" in 1710, his "Church Catechism Explained; " and in 1714, the third volume of his " History of the Reformation," the introduction to which had appeared sepa- rately in 1712. He died of a pleuritic fever. He left three sons, one of whom (Thomas, af- terward one of the judges of the common pleas) published a biography of his father, prefixed to a " History of his Own Times, from the Res- toration of King Charles II. to the Conclusion of the Treaty of Peace in the Reign of Queen Anne." This, the most remarkable of Bishop Burnet's numerous works, was greatly ridi- culed by Dean Swift, Arbuthnot, and Pope. "Memoirs of P. P., Clerk of this Parish," by Pope, is now the best known of these squibs. Bishop Burnet's published works embrace 58 sermons, 13 discourses and tracts in divinity, 18 tracts against popery, 26 polemical, politi- cal, and miscellaneous tracts, and 25 historical works and tracts. Macaulay, in the second volume of his "History of England," has vin- dicated the character of Burnet for integrity and ability. BURNET, James. See MONBODDO. BURNET, John, a Scottish engraver and paint- er, born at Fisher Row, near Edinburgh, March 20, 1 784, died April 29, 1 868. He learned etch- ing and engraving during seven years' appren- ticeship in Edinburgh, and was a student in drawing and painting at the trustees' academy. In 1806 he went to London, where he engrav- ed Wilkie's "Jew's Harp," "Blind Fiddler," " Rent Day," " Rabbit on the Wall," " Chel- sea Pensioners Reading the Gazette of the Battle of Waterloo," " Letter of Introduction," "Death of Tippoo Saib," and "Village School." He also engraved plates from several recent painters, from the Rembrandts in the national gallery, and from some of his own paintings. He published several illustrated works and manuals for artists, "Rembrandt and his Works," "Life and Works of J. M. W. Tur- ner " (with P. Cunningham), &c. lil R.NKT, Thomas, an English author, born at Croft, Yorkshire, about 1635, died at the Char- terhouse, London, in September, 1715. As master of the Charterhouse school, he was the first Englishman to oppose the dispensing power claimed by James II. By the constitution of the Charterhouse the pensioners must take cer- tain oaths of allegiance and supremacy. James sent down a candidate, Andrew Popham, for election to the charity, accompanying his man- date with a dispensation from the usual oaths, Popham being a Roman Catholic. Burnet at once denied the king's dispensing power, and refused to receive Popham. In this he was supported by his patron the duke of Ormond, and the candidate was rejected. After the rev- olution Burnet was made clerk of the closet to William III., on the recommendation of Archbishop Tillotson. He lost the court favor and his hopes of preferment by the publication, in 1692, of Archceologia Philosophic Libri duo, in which he treated the Mosaic account of the fall as allegorical. His principal works were written in Latin, of which the Telluris Theoria Sacra (translated into English, " Sacred Theory of the Earth," 2 vols. 8vo, 1759) at- tained a high reputation. BURNETT, a N. W. county of Wisconsin, sepa- rated on the W. and N. W. from Minnesota by the St. Croix river, and watered by its afflu- ents ; area, 1,100 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 706. It contains many small lakes. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 2,553 bushels of wheat, 1,340 of oats, 1,955 of potatoes, and 1,055 tons of hay. Capital, Gordon. BURNETT, Waldo Irving, an American natu- ralist and microscopist, born in Southborough, Mass., July 12, 1828, died in Boston, July 1, 1854. In early boyhood he began the study of entomology, which he continued through life. His father was a physician, and nnder his guidance he commenced the study of medi- cine, graduated in 1849, and soon after visited Europe, where his attention was given almost exclusively to natural history and microscopic observation. During the last five years of his life, though suffering from consumption, he ac- complished an almost incredible amount of in- tellectual labor, the results of which may be found in the "Proceedings" and "Journal" of the Boston society of natural history, in the " Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts