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480 BURTSCHEID BURY ST. EDMUND'S baster works, but its chief production now is the famous ale to which it gives its name, and which is consumed in large quantities in Eu- rope, America, and Asia. In 1870 there were 26 breweries in operation, including the im- mense establishments of Bass and Allsopp, cov- ering respectively about 40 and 50 acres. The other branches of industry are malting, tan- ning, rope making, iron forging, and the man- ufacture of cotton and hats. There are fairs five, times a year, and a weekly market on Thursday. Burton has communication with all parts of England by the Midland railway and the North Staffordshire and Leicester and Swannington lines ; and a branch of the Grand Trunk (or Trent and Mersey) canal joins the Trent about a mile below. The abbey of Bur- ton, some remains of which are yet visible, was founded about 1002 by an earl of Mercia, and subsequently received charters and privi- leges from the crown. Some of the abbots sat in parliament. Henry VIII., on the suppression of the monasteries, granted part of the posses- sions of this abbey, including the town and sev- eral hamlets, to an ancestor of the marquis of Anglesey, the present lord of the manor, who thence derives the right of appointing officers for the government of the town. BCRTSCHEID (Fr. Boreette), a town of Prus- sia, in the province of the Rhine, on the river Worm, close by Aix-la-Ohapelle, of which it is almost a continuation; pop. in 1871, 10,079. It contains several manufactories, especially of cloths and needles, and some celebrated sulphur springs and baths, whose temperature is from 106 to 155. It had formerly a famous abbey. BURY, a parish, parliamentary borough, and manufacturing town of Lancashire, England, between the Roche and the Irwell, 8 m. N. of Manchester, with which city it communicates by railway and canal ; pop. of the borough in 1871, 41,517. It is an ancient town, but its im- portance is of modern date. Since 1846 the streets have been paved and widened, gas and water introduced, sewers constructed, and many handsome buildings erected. The prin- cipal edifices are the parish church, with a beautiful tower and spire ; a town hall, in the Italian style, built by the earl of Derby; a Gothic church, with a spire 130 ft. high, erected in 1868 ; an athenaeum, a mechanics' institution, a model barrack, and a savings bank. There are many excellent schools. The manufacture of woollens was introduced here in the reign of Edward III., and is still prominent. The cotton manufacture is exten- sively prosecuted in all its branches ; several important improvements in it originated here, and among others that of employing various colors in weaving one piece of cloth. The first Sir Robert Peel established his extensive print works on the Irwell, near this town ; and at his residence, Chamber hall, in the immedi- ate vicinity, his son, the celebrated statesman, was born; a bronze statue of him stands in the market place. Bury also contains seve- ral bleaching and dyeing establishments, paper mills, logwood-grinding mills, and iron foun- deries. It is governed by the county magis- trates, who hold petty sessions twice a week. There are extensive coal mines in the vicinity. Bl'RY. I. Ange Henri Blaze de, a French au- thor, born at Avignon in May, 1813. His name is properly Blaze, that of Bury being assumed from his mother, who was of English descent. He studied at the college Bourbon in Paris, and made his first literary venture with a poem en- titled Le souper chez le commandeur, published in 1839 in the Revue des Deux Mondes. To that periodical he contributed for many years upon political and social questions. He wrote for it also many poems and critical essays upon Germany and its literature, some of them un- der the pseudonyme of Hans Werner. Among his works are a translation of Goethe's Faust, accompanied with notes and an essay (1840 ; 9th ed., 1853); Rosemonde, an illustrated poem (1841); Poesies (1842); Les Poesies de (Jathe (1843); Ecrmaim et po'etes de VAllemagne (2vols., 1846); La nuit de Walpurgis (1850); Souvenirs et reeits des eampagnes d'Autriche (1854); Les musieiens contemporaint (1856); Intermedes et po'emes (1859) ; Les salons de Vienne et de Berlin (1861, anonymous); Le Decameron, a comedy (1861) ; Le Chevalier de Chassot (1862); and Meyerbeer et son temps (1865). In 1868 he recovered from the family of Meyerbeer his right in LaJeunesse de Gathe, of which he wrote the libretto. II. Marie Pan- line Kose Stuart, a French writer of Scottish de- scent, wife of the preceding. At the age of 18 she began to contribute essays and tales to the Revue de Paris and the Revue des Deux Mondes, under the pseudonymes of Arthur Dudley and Maurice Flassan. She has written both in Eng- lish and French. Under one of her pseudonymes she has published Essai sur Lord Byron, and the novels " Mildred Vernon " and " Falken- berg," and under her own name Voyage en Autriche, en Hongrie et en Allemagne (1851). Bl'Rl ST. EDMUND'S, a parliamentary and mu- nicipal borough and market town of England, in the county of Suffolk, on the river Larke, 23 m. N. W. of Ipswich ; pop. of the borough in 1871, 14,928. It is well built, and is supplied with gas and water. It has three handsome churches, one of which, St. Mary's, built about 1430, is remarkable for its beautiful carved roof, and contains a monument to Mary, queen of France, afterward duchess of Suffolk, daughter of Henry VII. of England. Among the schools are a free grammar school, founded by Edward VI., a commercial sohool for 150 boys, national schools, &c. Of nearly 100 alms- houses and similar institutions in Bury, the most celebrated is Clopton's hospital for aged wid- owers and widows. Two fairs are held here during the year ; the principal one, which is among the most important in England, com- mences Oct. 2, and lasts three weeks. Bury St. Edmund's, or St. Edmund's Bury, as the old writers call it, is supposed to be the Roman Vil-