Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume III.djvu/487

BUS BUSCA 481 la Faustina. Its name comes from St. Edmund, king and martyr, who received the manor from Beodric after the dissolution of the heptarchy, and was here crowned king of East Anglia in 856. After his death and canonization the Ben- edictines founded here an abbey under his pro- tection, which in later ages became the most magnificent in the kingdom after that of Glaston- bury. The abbot, under whom were 80 monks, 16 chaplains, and 111 servants, enjoyed the most extensive privileges, even to the coining of money and infliction of capital punishment. Almost the only relic left of its grandeur is the western gate. On the side of the churchyard Norman Tower and Abbey. opposite to this stands the Norman tower, or church gate, a square structure 80 ft. in height, and of unknown age. It originally only form- ed the principal entrance to the churchyard, but it was used after the dissolution of the abbey as a belfry for a neighboring church. It is considered one of the finest specimens of Norman architecture in existence. Portions of the church remain, but are used as dwellings and shops. Parliaments were held here by Hen- ry III. and several other kings. The town is the birthplace of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Bishop Gardiner, and Bishop Blomfield of London. BBS, Cfer de, a French priest, born at Ca- vaillon, Feb. 3, 1544, died in Avignon, April 15, 1607. In youth he led a gay life in the camp and at court, but took orders in 1574, and in 1592 founded at De 1'Isle (Vancluse) the first establishment of the religious order of the doe- trine chretienne or doctrinaires. At the out- break of the revolution there were 150 of their establishments in France. The order was re- stored in 1850 at Cavaillon, with an establish- ment at Marseilles, and another has since been founded in Paris. De Bus founded in 1589 the fillet de la doctrine chretienne, a similar institution for women, which does not appear to have been restored. He became blind near the close of his life. His principal work is In- structions (5 vols., Paris, 1666). BCSBEQUICS, Angerlus Gislenlns (AuoiKR Gms- LEN DE BUSBEOQ), a Flemish scholar and states- man, born at Commines in 1522, died near Rouen, Oct. 28, 1592. He was employed by Ferdinand I. on several important diplomatic missions, and officiated for many years as am- bassador at Constantinople, whence he was recalled in 1562 to take charge of the educa- tion of the sons of the emperor Maximilian II. In 1570 he accompanied the archduchess Elizabeth to France on occasion of her mar- riage with Charles IX., and was ambassador in Paris till 1592, when he left the French court to visit Flanders. On his way he was attacked by a party of leaguers, and although he received no personal injury, the shock was so great that he died before he could reach his destination. During his residence in Tur- key he made a collection of celebrated Greek inscriptions and manuscripts, which he after- ward presented to the library at Vienna, and also employed an artist to make drawings of rare plants and animals. His principal work is the Itinera Constantinopolitanum et Ama- iianurn, et de Re Militari contra Turcas insti- tuenda Consilium (Antwerp, 1582), also pub- lished under the title Legationis Turcic.ce, Epis- tol<s IV. (Paris, 1589). His complete works, in Latin, were published at Leyden in 1633, and at Basel in 1740. BI'SCA, a town of Piedmont, Italy, in the province and 9 m. N. W. of Coni, on the left bank of the Maira, an affluent of the Po ; pop. about 9,000. Near it excellent wine is produced.