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DUKIO DUSSEK 331 were Gedichte (1835), and a series of romances, Der Stern von Andalusien (1838), issued under the name of " Thekla." In 1841 she published at Breslau her Schloss Goczyn. This and other publications previous to her marriage with Baron Otto von Eeinsberg, in 1845, appeared anonymously, but subsequently her writings have been published under her family name. Among her romances of "high life " are Skiz- zen am der vornehmen Welt (1842-'5), Graf Chala (1845), Esther (1854), Clotilde (1855), Milena (1863), and Die Literaten (1863). Her historical romances are Margaretha von Valois und ihre Zeit (1847), and Antonio Foscarini (1850). Among her poetical publications are collections- entitled Fur DicJi (1851), and Ami- mone (1852). In the Bohmische Rosen (1851) and Lieder am Toscana (1855) she translated the folk songs of the Czechs and Tuscans. As the result of her travels appeared a series of sketches, among which is Am Dalmatien (3 vols., Prague, 1855-"T). During a residence in Belgium she collected the materials for a work entitled Von der Schelde lis zur Maas (3 vols., Leipsic, 1861), in which she illustrated the in- tellectual progress of the Flemish people since 1830. She also wrote a work on proverbs, Das Sprichwort als Kosmopolit (3 vols., Leip- sic, 1863). DURIO, a fruit tree of the Indian archipelago, of the family sterculiacem, the only known species of its genus (D. zibetMnus), It attains a height of 80 ft., and in general appearance is like the elm. The leaves are entire, oblong, rounded at the base, and taper to a long point ; their color is silvery red. The flowers are yel- lowish green, and grow in little clusters on the main branches. The fruit, known as the durian, is sometimes round, sometimes oval, 9 or 10 inches in longest diameter. It has a thick hard rind, covered with sharp strong prickles ; it is divided into five cells, each containing from one to four seeds as large as pigeons' eggs; and a luscious cream-colored pulp which en- velopes these is the part that is eaten. It has a delicious flavor, though a repulsive odor, and commands the highest price of any fruit in the Indian markets. The seeds are often roasted and eaten ; they taste like chestnuts. The durio is cultivated in Ceylon ; each tree yields about 200 durians in a season. DURKHEDI, a town of Rhenish Bavaria, on the Isenach, 15 m. N. W. of Spire ; pop. in 1871, 5,572. The principal trade is in corn and wine ; there are glass works and a paper mill. In the vicinity are the salt works of Philippshall, with three saline springs. The place is chiefly remarkable as a resort of in- valids who take the grape cure. In the envi- rons are the ruins of the abbey of Limburg and of the castle of Hartenburg. On the summit of the Kastanienberg is a rampart known as the Heidenmauer or pagan's wall (the scene of Cooper's novel of this name), said to have been a Roman camp. Turenne here defeated the imperialists in 1674. DURLACH, a town of Baden, at the foot of the Thurmberg, and on the right bank of the Pfinz, 4 m. E, of Carlsruhe; pop. in 1871, 6,327. It contains a fine castle, a parish church with an excellent organ, a quaint old town hall, and a statue of the margrave Charles II. in the market place. Linens, tobacco, chiccory, and fruits are produced here. It was the residence of the margraves of Baden- Durlach from 1565 to 1771, when that line be- came extinct. DUROC, Gerard Christophe Michel, duke of Friuli, a French general, born at Pont-a-Mous- son, near Nancy, Oct. 25, 1772, killed near Markersdorf, Saxony, May 22, 1813. He served in the first wars of the revolution as adjutant of Gen. L'Espinasse, joined the army of Italy in 1796, became brigadier general in 1797, took part in the Egyptian campaign, and after Napolen's return to France and the 18th Brumaire, in which he was a chief actor, he was made lieutenant general and governor of the Tuileries. He was employed on diplo- matic missions to Stockholm, Copenhagen, St. Petersburg, Berlin, and Dresden ; took part in the battle of Austerlitz as successor of Oudi- not ; and accompanied Napoleon in the cam- paigns of 1806 and 1807. In 1809 he was with the emperor in Austria, and negotiated the truce of Znaym. In 1812 he was in the Rus- sian campaign, always enthusiastically devoted to the cause of Napoleon, of whom he was a great favorite. After the battle of Bautzen, while escorting the emperor to an elevation adjoining the battle ground, he was struck by a cannon shot. The farm house in which he died was purchased by Napoleon, who caused a monument to be erected there to Duroc's memory. His remains were removed in 1845 to the church of the Invalides in Paris. DIRUT, Victor, a French historian, born in Paris, Sept. 11, 1811. He was successively professor of history at colleges in Rheims and Paris, was made doctor of letters in 1853, and afterward inspector of the academy of Paris, inspector general of secondary instruction, and professor of history at the polytechnic school. In 1863 he became minister of public instruc- tion, and in this position introduced many im- provements and innovations, some of which excited great opposition. He retired in 1869, and became a senator. He is the author of numerous very popular works on ancient, me- diaeval, and modern geography and history, especially Greek, Roman, and French, several of which are included in a collection entitled UHistoire universelle, edited by him. He also wrote important reports on the progress of lit- erature and science as shown in the universal exposition of 1867. DCSSEK, John Lonis, a Bohemian composer and pianist, born at Czaslau, Feb. 9, 1761, died in Paris, March 20, 1812. His father, John Joseph Dussek, was organist and choir master at Czaslau, and he had learned to play the piano with much facility at the age of five.