Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XI.djvu/163

MARCH year began March 25 until the change of style in 1752. There is an old English and Scottish proverb : u March borrows three days of April, and they are ill." The first, it shall be wind and weet ; The next, it shall be snaw and sleet ; The third, it shall be sic a freeze, Sail gar the birds stick to the trees. ft is disputed whether these "borrowing days " fere the last three in March or the first three in April. Dr. Jamieson explains that when they were stormy March was said to borrow them from April that he might extend his >wer so much longer. MARCH, or Morawa, a river of Austria, which ses on the N. frontier of Moravia, near Al- It, and flows S. S. E., passing Olmtitz, Krem- sier, and Hradisch ; then turning S. S. W. it separates Hungary from Moravia and the arch- duchy of Austria, and flows into the Danube 7 m. above Presburg. Its principal affluents are the Hanna, Miava, Beczwa, and Thaya. Its length is about 200 m., and it is navigable as far as Goding, 50 m., and improvements for extending navigation to Olmtitz are proposed. At its mouth it is 400 yards wide. Its position on the boundary of Hungary and proximity to Vienna have made it often of historical im- portance. The extensive plain between the low- er March and the Danube, called the Marchfeld, has been the scene of several great battles, in- cluding those of Aspern, Essling, and Wagram. MARCH, Charles W., an American author, born in Portsmouth, N. H., Dec. 15, 1815, died in Alexandria, Egypt, Jan. 24, 1864. He gradu- ated at Harvard college in 1837, studied law, practised in Portsmouth, and was a member of the state legislature. Removing to New York, he became a writer for the " Tribune " and the " Times," and correspondent of the Boston " Courier." He was for some time vice consul at Cairo. He published "Daniel Webster and his Contemporaries, or Reminiscences of Con- gress " (New York, 1850), and " Sketches and Adventures in Madeira, Portugal, and the An- dalusias of Spain " (1856). MARCH, Earl of. See MORTIMER, ROGER. MARCH, Francis Andrew, an American scholar, born at Millbury, Mass., Oct. 25, 1825. He graduated at Amherst college in 1845, where he was tutor from 1847 to 1849. He studied law in New York, and was admitted to the bar in 1850. After teaching at Fredericksburg, Va., from 1852 to 1855, he was appointed tu- tor in Lafayette college, at Easton, Pa., in 1856 adjunct professor, and in 1858 professor of the English language and comparative phi- lology. He received the degree of LL. D. from the college of New Jersey in 1870, and from Amherst college in 1871 ; and in 1873 he was elected president of the American philological association. He has contributed articles on philological subjects to the " Transactions " of that body and of the national educational asso- ciation, and to the Jahrbuch fur romanische und englische Literatur in Berlin ; and arti- MARCHESI 151 cles on jurisprudence and psychology, inclu- ding discussions of Sir William Hamilton's theory of perception and his philosophy of the conditioned, to the " Princeton Review " (1860 ; reprinted in England, 1861). He has published " A Method of Philological Study of the Eng- lish Language" (New York, 1865); "Parser and Analyzer for Beginners " (1869) ; " Anglo- Saxon Grammar" (1870) ; and "An Introduc- tion to Anglo-Saxon : Grammar, Reader," &c. (1871). He is now (1875) editing a series of text books for college use of the Greek and Latin Christian authors, of which " Latin Hymns " and " Eusebius " have appeared. MARCHE, La, or La Mart-he Limousine, an an- cient province of France, bounded N. by Berry and Bourbonnais, E. by Auvergne, S. by Li- mousin, and W. by Angoumois and Poitou. It now forms the department of Creuse, a considerable portion of Haute- Vienne, and fractions of several other departments. It was divided into Haute- and Basse-Marche, with Gu6ret as capital of the former and Bel- lac of the latter. Under the Romans it was part of Aquitania Prima. William III., duke of Aquitaine, converted La Marche into a county in the 10th century. In 1177 it was sold to England, but Hugh IX. de Lusignan, of a family several of whose members be- came kings of Jerusalem and Cyprus, gained possession of the county, and it belonged to that house until early in the 14th century, when the last descendant of this branch of the Lusignans ceded it to Philip the Fair, king of France. Subsequently it passed through va- rious hands. The most distinguished of the counts of La Marche was Bernard d'Armagnac (died in 1462) ; his son Jacques d'Armagnac was sentenced to death in 1477 by Louis XL, who confiscated the county for the benefit of his son-in-law Pierre de Bourbon; and after undergoing some more changes, it was perma- nently united to the crown toward the middle of the 16th century. MARCHES, The, a geographical division of the kingdom of Italy, embracing the provinces of Ancona, Ascoli Piceno, Macerata, and Pesa- ro ed Urbino; area, 3,746 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 915,419. The boundaries in general corre- Znd to those of the mediaeval inarches of sona and Fermo. MARCHESI, Pompeo, an Italian sculptor, born in 1790, died in Milan, Feb. 6, 1858. His earlier works were executed under the direc- tion of Canova, and he became professor in the academy of fine arts, ranking among the foremost of modern Italian sculptors. Among his principal works are statues of the Venus TJrania, of St. Ambrose, Charles Emanuel, Volta, Beccaria, Bellini, and of Goethe in the public library at Frankfort; of the emperor Francis, and of Philibert Amadeus of Savoy; a monument to Malibran ; and 12 busts in terra cotta of warriors, which he executed gratui- tously for the embellishment of the fort of Milan. His colossal marble group, the "Mater