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MARSTON" MAESUPIALS 203 Ben Jonson, to whom he dedicated in 1605 his tragi-comedy, " The Malcontent." Associ- ated with Jonson and Chapman in writing " Eastward Ho ! " he was with them impris- oned for a short time by James I. on account of its reflections against the Scotch. He also wrote "The Scourge of Villainy," "The Meta- morphosis of Pigmalion's Image," "Antonio andMellida," "Antonio's Revenge," "The Dutch Courtesan," and " Parasitaster." An edition of Marston's works, containing six tragedies and comedies, was published in Lon- don in 1633 ; a new edition, with notes and a memoir, was published by J. O. Halliwell (3 vols., London, 1856). MARSTON, Westland, an English author, born in- Boston, Lincolnshire, Jan. 30, 1820. He received a legal education in the office of his uncle, a solicitor in London, but relinquished the law for dramatic authorship. Among his best plays are the- tragedies of "The Patrician's Daughter" (1841), "The Heart and the World " (1847), "Strathmore" (1849), "Philip of France " (1849), and "Anne Blake " (1852), several of which possess poetic merits of a high order. He has also produced some comic dramas. His more conspicuous later works are: "Pure Gold," "Donna Diana," "The Favorite of Fortune" (1866), "A Hero of Romance" (1867), and " Lif e for Life "_ (1868). He has also published some lyrics in periodicals, a volume of poems (1842), " A Lady in her own Right," a novel (1860), and a collection of his contributions to periodicals under the title of "Family Credit, and other Tales " (1861). MARSTON MOOR, a large open plain of York- shire, England, 8 in. N. "W. of York, where a decisive victory was gained by the parliamen- tary forces and the Scots, under Lord Fairfax and the earl of Leven, over the royalists com- manded by Prince Rupert, July 2, 1644. The advance of the royalists toward York, which was invested by Fairfax, having compelled the latter to raise the siege, he retired to Marston Moor, where Rupert encountered him on the afternoon of July 2 with 25,000 men. The parliamentary army was of about equal strength. The battle commenced with an ineffectual can- nonade on both sides, after which a pause of two hours ensued, each army watching the other across a brook. At 7 o'clock in the evening the signal for close combat was given, and Rupert, who commanded the right wing of the royalists, falling impetuously upon the parliamentary left wing, routed it, and pursued the fugitives several miles. The parliamen- tary centre was in like manner driven back by the royalist infantry with great loss, and the fortune of the day seemed so desperate that the three parliamentary generals, Lord Fairfax and the earls of Manchester and Leven, fled in different directions. But the im- prudence of Rupert ruined his cause. That part of the parliamentary left consisting of Cromwell's brigade of ironsides and David Leslie's Scottish regiments, with some fugitives rallied by Sir Thomas Fairfax, taking advan- tage of the disordered condition of the cava- liers, who were scattered in pursuit or engaged in plundering the baggage of their enemies, charged them in a compact body with such vigor that after a few brief shocks the royal army was driven from the field, and its ar- tillery, consisting of 25 pieces, with more than 100 colors and 1,500 prisoners, captured. The royalist loss in killed and wounded ex- ceeded 2,000, and that of the parliamentary army was nearly as great. A few days after- ward York surrendered to Fairfax, and the power of the parliament was permanently es- tablished in the north of England. MARSTRMD, Wilhelm, a Danish painter, born in Copenhagen, Dec. 24, 1810, died there, March 25, 1873. He studied at the academies of Copenhagen and Munich and in Rome. His "Return of a Society from a Popular Festi- val " made him famous as a genre painter ; and his reputation was increased by his "Parlor," "Political Gossipper," "Erasmus Montanus," and other pictures after the manner of Hol- bein. He was a professor at the academy of Copenhagen for more than 20 years, and its director for six years. MARSUPIALS, an order of implacental mam- mals, all, with the exception of the American opossums, now confined to Australia and its archipelago. The name is derived from the presence of a marsupium or abdominal pouch in the females for the protection of their im- mature young, supported by two supplemen- tary bones attached to the anterior margin of the pelvis. The cerebral characters have been described under MAMMALIA, and the peculiari- ties of the marsupial lactation under KANGA- ROO. They have been divided into two sec- tions, according to the character of their food, the phytophagous or plant-eating and the rapacious or carnivorous and insectivorous groups. The former are characterized by the small size or absence of canine teeth, the large incisors (never more than two in the lower jaw); and broad tubercular molars; they in- clude the three families of pfiascolomyda or wombats, macropodidm or kangaroos, and pha- langistidm or phalangers and koala. The sec- ond group have small and numerous incisors, eight to ten in the upper and six to eight in the lower jaw, canines large and in both jaws, and pointed molars; they include the four families of peramelida or bandicoots, didel- pMdcB or opossums, myrmecobiidm or Austra- lian ant-eaters, and dasyuridce or dasyures, the last the most carnivorous of all in habits and form. This order presents animals showing types of many of the placental orders ; for in- stance, the phalangers call to mind the quadru- mana, the dasyures the carnivora, the phasco- gales the insectivora, and the kangaroos the edentata. Though Australia is the great head- quarters of the marsupials, they are found in America from the middle United States to Buenos Ayres, as well as on the "W. coast of