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NAPO NARCISSUS 143 earthquakes, and a severe eruption of Vesu- vius in April, 1872, resulted in the loss of some 200 lives, and the city was covered with a shower of ashes. A railway to the summit of Vesuvius was commenced in 1875. NAPO, a river of South America. See ECUA- DOE, vol. vi., p. 394. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE. See BONAPAETE. NAPOLEON-VENDEE, a town of France, capi- tal of the department of Vendee, on the river Yon, 231 m. S. W. of Paris; pop. (including the suburb of Roche-sur-Yon) about 9,000. It consists of several streets crossing each other at right angles, nearly all ending in the place Royale, a spacious square, bordered by ranges of pine trees, and surrounded by public monu- ments and fine mansions. It is situated upon an open heath, and has few manufactures and little trade. The town occupies the site of a large feudal castle built prior to the crusade, which was destroyed by the republicans in 1793. In 1805 Napoleon selected the place as the site for the capital of the department, and devoted 3,000,000 francs to the erection of public edifices, giving to the new town the name which it nows bears. Under the restora- tion it was called Bourbon- Vendee. NAPOLI DI ROMANIA. See NAUPLIA. NAQUET, Alfred Joseph, a French chemist, born in Carpentras, Oct. 6, 1834. He completed his studies in Paris, where he took his medical degree in 1859. In August, 1863, he was named professor at the school of medicine, to enter upon his duties in November, 3865. In the interval he was employed by the Ital- ian government in establishing a professor- ship of chemical and physical sciences in the national technical institute at Palermo. Af- ter lecturing on organic chemistry in the med- ical faculty of Paris till 1867, he incurred 15 months' imprisonment and a fine for hav- ing been one of the organizers of the con- gress at Geneva, and having submitted to it a resolution calling the first Napoleon the great- est malefactor of his day. In March, 1869, he was again arrested and fined on account of his opposing the rites of marriage (his own marriage had been celebrated in 1862 without the attendance of a clergyman) in his pub- lication entitled Religion, propriete, famille, in which however he defended the rights of property. After the revolution of Sept, 4, 1870, he was military secretary to the govern- ment at Tours and Bordeaux. His election to the assembly, Feb. 8, 1871, being contest- ed by the monarchists, he was reflected, July 2, by a large majority. Among his scientific works are : Principes de chimie fondes sur les theories modernes (1865) ; De Vatomicite (1868) ; and Precis de chimie legate (1872). His chief political work is La republique radicale (1 873). NARBONNE (anc. Narlo Martins}, a city of Languedoc, France, in the department of Aude, near the Mediterranean, with which it is con- nected by a canal, 33 m. E. of Carcassonne, and 54 m. S. W. of Montpellier ; pop. in 1866, 587 VOL. xii. 10 17,172. The most remarkable edifices are the cathedral of St. Just, a handsome Gothic struc- ture founded in the 13th century ; the church of St. Paul, an ancient building in the Roman- esque style ; and the hotel de ville, formerly the archiepiscopal palace, one of the towers of which dates from the 14th century. Within it Louis XIII. signed the order for the arrest of Cinq-Mars and De Thou. The seat of the archbishopric has been transferred to Toulouse. There are important manufactures of verdigris, linen, woollen, and leather, and trade in wine, and in honey celebrated for its whiteness. Narbo Martius was founded by the Romans in 118 B. C. Many of the soldiers of Csesar's tenth legion having been settled there at the end of the civil war, it was thence frequently called Decumanorum Colonia. It was taken by the Saracens in 719, and held by them for nearly half a century. In the middle ages it was one of the most flourishing towns in France, containing more than 40,000 inhabi- tants. No building of the Roman period now exists, the ruins having been used in the con- struction of the city walls, in which about 500 Roman bass reliefs, friezes, and inscriptions were visible, besides Saracenic ramparts. The walls were pulled down after 1865, and many of the ancient sculptures are gathered in the museum. Varro, the Latin poet, and the Ro- man emperor Carus, were born in or near Nar- bonne. One of the four provinces of Gaul, as divided by Augustus, was called from this city Gallia Narbonensis. NARBONNE-LARA, Lonis, ( count de, a French soldier, born at Colorno, in the duchy of Par- ma, Aug. 24, 1755, died in Torgau, Germany, Nov. 17, 1813. He was educated with the French princes, became a colonel in 1780, and was employed in the ministry of foreign af- fairs under Vergennes. In 1789 he became very popular at Besancon, where in 1790 he was placed in command of the national guard ; but he was always loyal to the royal family. He accompanied the king's aunts when they left Versailles in 1791, and, after seeing them safe out of France, returned to Paris. He was appointed minister of war, Dec. 6, .1791, but was dismissed in March, 1792, and joined the army. After the attack on the Tuileries, Aug. 10, 1792, when he was present in the capital and displayed great courage, he fled to London, where he wrote a memoir to the con- vention in behalf of Louis XVI. He returned to France in 1800, and was restored to his rank as general of division in 1809. He ac- companied Napoleon as special aide-de-camp to Russia, was ambassador to Vienna in 1813, minister to the congress at Prague, and finally military commander at Torgau. NARCISSUS. I. A mythical youth, son of the river god Cephissus and the nymph Liriope, who was remarkable for his beauty, but wholly inaccessible to love. The nymph Echo died of grief because he would not reciprocate her af- fection. One of his rejected admirers begged