Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/200

192 NEAL don. Besides several published sermons, his principal works are " History of New England " (2 vols., London, 1720), and u History of the Puritans" (4 vols., 1732-'8 ; edited by Toul- min, 6 vols., 1793, and 3 vols., 1837). NEAL, Alice Bradley. See HAVEN. NEAL, John, an American author, born in Falmouth (now Portland), Me., Aug. 25, 1793. His parents were members of the society of Friends, with which he also was connected until the age of 25, when, principally for his inability to "live peaceably with all men," he received his formal dismissal. About the age .of 12 he was employed in Portland as a shop boy ; a few years later he taught drawing and penmanship in the principal towns of Maine; in 1814-15 he was a dry-goods retailer and jobber in Boston and New York, and afterward established himself in Baltimore as a whole- sale dealer in partnership with John Pierpont. In 1816 they failed, and Neal began the study of the law. He read through a legal course intended to embrace a period of several years in a twelvemonth, besides attending lectures and studying several languages. In 1816 he produced a review of the works of Byron, written it is said in four days, which appeared from month to month until completed in the "Portico," a Baltimore magazine. In 1817 he published his first novel, " Keep Cool " (2 vols., Baltimore), originally called " Judge Not," fol- lowed the next year by " The Battle of Niag- ara, Goldau, and other Poems." In 1819 ap- peared " Otho, or the Bastard," a five-act trage- dy; and about the same time he assisted Dr. Watkins in writing the " History of the Ameri- can Revolution by Paul Allen." Admitted to the Maryland bar in 1819, he entered upon practice, but continued his literary labors. Besides preparing an index for " Niles's Re- gister," then amounting to upward of 50 vol- umes, he published in 1823 the novels "Sev- enty-Six, a Romance of the Revolution," " Logan," " Randolph," and " Errata." They were severally written, according to his own account, in periods of from 27 to 39 days. He went to England in January, 1824, and wrote articles for various periodicals, inclu- ding " Sketches of the five American Presidents and the five Candidates for the Presidency " for "Blackwood's Magazine." His literary efforts attracted the notice of Jeremy Ben- tham, who invited him to take up his residence in his house, of which he remained an inmate during a considerable portion of his stay in England. In 1827 he returned to America, and settled in Portland, where he employed him- self in practising law, writing, and lecturing ; " and that no superfluous energy might run to waste, established gymnasiums and gave lessons to large classes in sparring and fencing." This life he continued till 1850, when he gave up his profession. He also published "Brother Jonathan" (3 vols., London and Edinburgh, 1825); "Rachel Dyer" (Portland, 1828); " Bentham's Morals and Legislation" (Boston, NEANDER 1830); "Authorship, a Tale" (1833); "The Down Easters" (2 vols., New York, 1833); "One Word More" (1854), essays of a reli- gious character ; " True Womanhood, a Tale" (Boston, 1859); "Wandering Recollections of a Somewhat Busy Life" (1869); and " Port- land Illustrated " (1874). NEAL, Joseph Clay, an American humorist, born in Greenland, N. H., Feb. 3, 1807, died in Phil- adelphia, July 3, 1848. He resided several years in Pottsville, Pa., but in 1831 became the editor of the " Pennsylvanian," a newspaper of Philadelphia. He went abroad in 1841, re- turned in 1842, and in 1844 established "Neal's Saturday Gazette," a weekly literary journal. In 1837 he published " Charcoal Sketches, or Scenes in a Metropolis;" in 1844 "Peter Plod- dy and other Oddities;" and subsequently a new series of "Charcoal Sketches." In 1846 he married Emily Bradley, who afterward ac- quired distinction as an author under the pseudonyme of " Cousin Alice." (See HAVEN, ALICE BRADLEY.) NEALE, John Mason, an English clergyman, born in London, Jan. 24, 1818, died at East Grinstead, Sussex, Aug. 6, 1866. He graduated in 1840 at Trinity college, Cambridge, where he had taken the members' prize in 1838, and where he obtained the Seatonian prize for a sacred poem nine times between 1845 and 1861. He took orders in 1842, and became incumbent of Crawley in Sussex. In May, 1846, he was appointed warden of Sackville college, East Grinstead. He was allied to the high church party, and in 1855 founded the sisterhood of St. Margaret. He was the author of about TO books, of which the most important are the following: "History of the Holy Eastern Church, the Patriarchate of Alexandria" (2 vols., 1850-'51) ; Sequential ex Missalibus Ger- manicis (1852); "Medieval Preachers and Mediseval Preaching" (1857) ; " History of the so-called Jansenist Church of Holland " (1858) ; " Commentary on the Psalms" (1860) ; Hymni Ecclesice (new ed., 1865) ; " Essays on Litur- giology and Church History" (1863); "The Liturgies, in Greek, of St. Mark, St. James, St. Clement, St. Chrysostom, and St. Basil" (1868) ; " Hymns of the Eastern Church," with notes and introduction (1871). NEANDER, Johann August Wilhelm, a German church historian, born in Gottingen, Jan. 17, 1789, died in Berlin, July 14, 1850. His origi- nal name was David Mendel. His father was a Jewish peddler ; his mother was an intelli- gent and pious Jewess, and soon after the birth of David, her youngest child, removed with him to Hamburg. He was reared in poverty, but by the assistance of friends was enabled to satisfy his desire for a liberal education in the Johanneum of Hamburg. He soon attract- ed the notice of his teachers by his talent and industry, as well as by the oddity of his ap- pearance and the awkwardness of his man- ner. He looked like a simpleton, and was the source of much amusement to his fellow stu-