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NEAPOLIS NEBRASKA 193 dents; but he took no notice of it, and lived in a world of abstraction. He associated espe- cially with Varnhagen von Ense, Ohamisso the poet, Wilhelm Neumann, Noodt, and Sieveking, and formed with them a literary association under the name of the "Polar Star." Schlei- ermacher's "Discourses on Keligion" made a powerful impression on Neander; and in 1806 he publicly renounced Judaism and was baptized, adopting the name of Johann August Wilhelm Neander, from his teacher Johann Gurlitt and his friends August Varnhagen and Wilhelm Neumann (in Greek vio$ avfip, new man). He studied theology at Halle and Got- tingen, and returned to Hamburg to enter the ministry. In. 1811 he began to deliver theo- logical lectures in Heidelberg, and in 1812 was called to the newly founded university of Ber- lin as professor of church history. He soon became one of the theological celebrities of the metropolis, and continued to labor there as teacher and writer with very little interruption till his death. His last words, addressed to his sister, who attended to his wants (for he never married), were : " I am weary, let us go home ! " In his outward appearance he was of middle size and slender frame. He had strongly marked Jewish features, bushy eyebrows, and weak sight, being at last blind. He dressed care- lessly, with jack-boots and a shabby hat. In the lecture room his eccentricities were promi- nent, but his earnestness and enthusiasm com- manded attention. He lectured on nearly all branches of exegetical and systematic theology, but especially on history. As an author he won the honorable title of " father of church history." His reputation mainly rests on the " General History of the Christian Religion and Church," from the close of the apostolic age to the council of Basel in 1431 (6 vols. in 11 parts, 1825-'52; 3d ed., 1851-'6 ; translated into English, in part by Rose, and in full by Prof. Torrey, and several times reprinted in Boston, Edinburgh, and London). He also wrote on Julian the Apostate (1812), St. Ber- nard (1813), Gnosticism (1818), St. Chrysos- tom (2 vols., 1821-'2), and Tertullian (1825) ; a "History of the Apostolic Age" (2 vols., 1832-'3); a "Life of Jesus Christ," in refu- tation of Strauss (1837) ; and on " Christian Life" (3 vols., 1840). To these must be add- ed a few popular practical commentaries on the Epistle to the Philippians, on the Epis- tle of St. James, and the first Epistle of St. John (translated by Mrs. H. 0. Conant). His minor essays were collected by Jacobi (Berlin, 1851). After his death were published his lectures on the "History of Christian Doc- trine" (1857), and on the "Epistles to the Co- rinthians " (1859). A complete collection of his works has appeared (13 vols., Gotha, 1862-'6). His library was purchased for the theological seminary of Rochester, N. Y. NEAPOLIS. I. An ancient town of Campa- nia. See NAPLES. II. An ancient town of Pal- estine. See NABLUS, and SHECHEM. NEARCHUS, a Greek admiral of the 4th cen- tury B. C. He was a native of Crete, was prominent at the court of Macedon during the reign of Philip, and having participated in the intrigues of Alexander against his father, he was banished. On the death of Philip he was recalled, and after the conquest of the maritime provinces of Asia was made governor of Lycia and other regions S. of the Taurus. In 329 he joined Alexander in Bactria with a reen- forcement of Greek mercenaries. During the Indian expedition he was intrusted with the command of the fleet, and when the armament arrived down the Indus at the ocean, he offered to conduct the ships to the shores of Persia. He began his voyage Sept. 21, 325, and after encountering numberless dangers reached the mouth of the Anamis, a river of Caramania, emptying at the entrance to the Persian gulf, Dec. 9, five days' journey from which place Alexander was then encamped. Sailing along the N. shore of the Persian gulf to the Pasi- tigris, Nearchus ascended that stream and ar- rived at Susa in February, 324. Alexander had already arrived there, and bestowed upon the admiral, besides other marks of favor, a crown of gold and the daughter of the Rho- dian Mentor in marriage. After the death of Alexander, Nearchus was restored to the gov- ernment of his former provinces, which he held as the dependant of Antigonus. The latest mention of him in history is in 314, when An- tigonus appointed him to attend his son Deme- trius Poliorcetes as a counsellor on his first taking command of an army. Nearchus is said to have written an account of his voyage (IlapaTTylovf), the substance of which has been probably preserved in the Indica of Arrian. NEATH (popularly called Castle Nedd), a town of Glamorganshire, S. Wales, on the riv- er Neath, 30 m. N. W. of Cardiff; pop. in 1871, 9,134. It occupies the site of a Roman station (Nidum), and contains relics of an old castle and abbey. The town has been much im- proved within a few years. The port is acces- sory to that of Swansea, accommodating ves- sels of 300 tons, but the principal trade is carried on in barges to Briton Ferry, 2 m. below the town. Large iron, copper, and tin works are in the vicinity, and besides these metals coal and other articles are exported. NEBRASKA, a western state of the American Union, the 24th admitted under the constitu- tion, lying between lat. 40 and 43 N., and Ion. 95 25' and 104 W. from Greenwich. It is bounded N. by Dakota, E. by Iowa and Missouri, from which it is separated by the Missouri river, S. by Kansas and Colorado, and W. by Colorado and Wyoming; area, 75,995 sq. m. The width from N. to S. is about 210 m., and the length in the central part about 420 m. The state is divided into 64 counties (the N. W. portion being unorganized), viz. : Adams, Antelope, Boone, Buffalo, Burt, But- ler, Cass, Cedar, Chase, Cheyenne, Clay, Col- fax, Cuming, Dakota, Dawson, Dixon, Dodge,