Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/499

NORRBOTTEN NORTH 485 in a treatise entitled " A Murnival of Knaves, or Whiggism Displayed and Burlesqued out of Countenance." Soon afterward he published a Latin work against the theology of the Gene- van divines, and in 1691 a treatise against the nonconformists. In 1684 he took orders, and in the same year published a volume entitled "Poems and Discourses," which was followed in 1687 by his " Miscellanies ". in prose and verse, which reached a ninth edition in 1730. In 1684 he began a correspondence with Dr. Henry More in regard to some speculative diffi- culties, which lasted three years, and was pub- lished in 1688. In that year he published "The Theory and Regulation of Love." In 1689 he published a treatise on "Reason and Religion," and in 1690 four volumes of "Practical Dis- courses on the Beatitudes," of which a tenth edition was published in 1724, under the title " Christian Blessedness." In 1692 he attacked the views of the Quakers, and shortly after was made rector of Bemerton near Salisbury. In 1695 he published "Letters concerning the Love of God." The deist John Toland having written a treatise entitled " Christianity not Mysterious," Norris published in 1697 in an- swer, "An Account of Reason and Faith in relation to the Mysteries of Christianity." In 1701 he published "An Essay toward the Theory of the Ideal or Intelligible World," of which the second part appeared in 1704; and in 1708 the "Natural Immortality of the Soul." NORRBOTTEN, the northernmost Ian or prov- ince of Sweden, divided from Lapland by the Tornea and Muonio rivers; area, 39,797 sq. m.; pop. in 1872, 78,659. It is traversed by the Kiolen mountains, and has many lakes and rivers, among the latter the Kalix, Lulea, and Pitea. The summers are exceedingly hot, though the climate is not regarded as un- healthy. Timber is the chief production, and some grain and cattle are raised. Capital, Pitea. NORRISTOWN, a borough and the capital of Montgomery co., Pennsylvania, on the N. bank of the Schuylkill river, and on the Philadelphia, Germantown, and Norristown railroad, 16 m. N. W. of Philadelphia; pop. in 1850, 6,024; in 1860, 8,848; in 1870, 10,753. It has a healthy and beautiful situation, and the neigh- borhood abounds in excellent marble, iron, and limestone. The streets are laid out at right angles and are well paved and finely shaded, and the houses are built in a neat, substantial manner, of brick and marble. The main street is sewered, and water and gas are conveyed through it in pipes. The principal buildings are the court house, the jail, and music hall. The court house, finished in 1855, is built of the light gray native marble, and cost over. $200,000. The Schuylkill river is crossed by two substantial covered bridges, about 800 ft. long, leading into Bridgeport on the opposite bank. The improved navigation of the Schuyl- kill affords facilities for the trade of the town, which is active and increasing. Among the manufactories are two blast furnaces, six wool- len and cotton mills, four machine works, tack works, glass works, an oil refinery, and three rolling mills. There are three banks, a semi- nary, five public schools (number of pupils enrolled Jan. 1, 1875, 1,810), three daily and five weekly (one'German) newspapers, and 13 churches. T^he borough was incorporated in 1812, and enlarged in 1853. NORRLAND, Wester. See WESTER NOBBLAND. NORRKOPING, a town of Sweden, in the province of Linkoping, at the mouth of the Motala in the Braviken, an inlet of the Baltic, 85 m. S. W. of Stockholm, with which it is connected by railway; pop. in 1869, 22,997. It is one of the oldest and finest towns of Swe- den, is regularly built, and has wide and well paved streets, and six public squares. It con- tains three churches, a synagogue, a college, and a hospital. The Motala, flowing through the town, forms two islands, is crossed by four bridges, and furnishes in several cascades the motive power which renders Norrkoping the most important manufacturing town in Sweden. Cloth, hosiery, paper, playing cards, tobacco, sugar, soap, and starch are manufactured. There are several ship yards. The registered shipping includes 11 steamers and 19 sailing vessels; about 200 foreign and 1,100 Swedish vessels enter and leave the port annually. The town was founded in the 12th century. In 1719 it was totally destroyed by the Russians, and four times in the early part of the present century it suffered severely by fire. NORSE LANGUAGES. See the articles on the languages and literatures of Iceland, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. NORTH, Christopher. See WILSON, JOHN. NORTH. I. Francis, Lord Guilford, an Eng- lish jurist, son of the fourth Baron North, born Oct. 22, 1637, died Sept. 5, 1685. He studied at St. John's college, Cambridge, and was called to the bar at the Middle Temple in 1661. Indefatigable in his law studies, he abstained from the ordinary pleasures of youth, and left untried no artifice and scrupled at no humilia- tion which would advance his interests. Sir Jeffrey Palmer, the first attorney general under the restoration, early assisted him in getting into practice ; and he became one of the lead- ers of the Norfolk circuit, and was soon rer tained in every important cause. Gaining the favor of the court by pleading against the priv- ileges of parliament in the case of the prose- cution of the five members, which had been brought into the house of lords on a writ of error from the court of king's bench, he was in 1671 appointed solicitor general and knight- ed ; and in November, 1673, he succeeded Sir Heneage Finch as attorney general. In Janu- ary, 1675, he was made chief justice of the court of common pleas, in which office he con- ducted to a successful issue a dispute with the court of king's bench as to their respective ju- risdiction. In 1679 he was admitted a mem- ber of the new council established by the king; and upon the death of the earl of Not-