Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/603

OGLETHORPE OHIO 589 The chief productions in 1870 were 502,618 bushels of wheat, 157,504 of rye, 1,787,066 of Indian corn, 141,540 of oats, 317,462 of bar- ley, 207,784 of potatoes, 95,138 Ibs. of wool, 425,700 of flax, 875,056 of butter, 43,422 of cheese, and 41,637 tons of hay. There were 13,525 horses, 12,932 milch cows, 21,965 other cattle, 18,295 sheep, and 33,489 swine; 10 manufactories of carriages and wagons, 1 of dressed flax, 7 of saddlery and harness, 8 of tin, copper, and sheet-iron ware, 2 flour mills, and 1 planing mill. Capital, Oregon. OGLETHORPE, a N. E. county of Georgia, bounded N. by the Broad river and two of its branches, and S. W. by the Oconee ; area, 480 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 11,782, of whom 7,141 were colored. It has a hilly surface and a generally fertile soil. It is intersected by the Athens branch of the Georgia railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 28,958 bushels of wheat, 181,386 of Indian corn, 22,880 of oats, 21,532 of sweet potatoes, 106,249 Ibs. of butter, and 5,907 bales of cotton. There were 1,438 horses, 7,538 cattle, 4,314 sheep, and 9,354 swine. Capital, Lexington. OGLETHORPE, James Edward, founder of the colony of Georgia, born in London, Dec. 21, 1688, died at Cranham hall, Essex, June 30, 1785. He was commissioned an officer in the queen's guards in 1714, and as one of Prince Eugene's aides-de-camp participated in the cam- paigns against the Turks in 1716-'17, and took an active command at the celebrated siege and battle of Belgrade. He returned in 1722 to Eng- land, and in the same year was elected to par- liament from Hazelmere, which he represent- ed for 32 years. He made a successful effort in parliament to improve the condition of the poor debtors confined in the London prisons, and projected a plan for a colony in North America to serve as an asylum for the op- pressed Protestants of Germany and other con- tinental states, " and for those persons at home who had become so desperate in circumstances that they could not rise and hope again with- out changing the scene and making trial of a different country." The unoccupied territory between Carolina and Florida was selected for the experiment. In June, 1732, 21 " trustees for founding the colony of Georgia " were in- corporated by letters patent ; and in January, 1733, a party of colonists, under the guidance of Oglethorpe, who was appointed governor of the colony, arrived at Charleston. The narra- tive of his career in Georgia, until his final re- turn to England in 1743, will be found in the article GEORGIA. During the invasion of the young pretender iu 1745 he was appointed a, major general. His conduct was repeatedly the subject of official inquiry, but he was ac- quitted. In 1765 he received the rank of gen- eral of all his majesty's forces. OGLIO (anc. Ollius), a river of northern Italy, flowing through Lombardy. It rises in the Rhsetian Alps at the foot of Mount Tonale, in the N. E. part of the province of Bergamo, flows S. W. and afterward S. E., passes through Lake Iseo, and afterward separating the prov- inces of Bergamo and Cremona from those of Brescia and Mantua, and receiving the waters of the Mella and the Chiese from the north, joins the Po near Borgoforte, and 10 m. S. W. of Mantua. It is about 150 m. long. OGOB1Y, or Ogowai, a large river of western Africa, near lat. 1 S., flowing into the Atlan- tic through an extensive delta, of which the principal branches are the Nazareth, with its mouth in lat. 41' S. ; the Mexias, in lat. 56' S. ; and the N'pooloonai, reaching the sea in lat. 1 17' S. through the mouth of the Fernand Vaz, with which river it unites about 10 m. inland. It was discovered by Du Chail- lu in 1856, and is formed, about 100 m. from the seaboard and about 40' S. of the equator, by the junction of the Okanda, supposed to be the main stream, from the northeast, with the N'gooyai, from the south. It has been ex- plored by French government expeditions as far as this point, up to which it is navigable in the rainy season. Even in the dry season, when its level is 15 ft. lower, it is practicable for light-draught steamers up to Goombi, a town of the Gamma people, 95 m. from the mouth. About 40 m. from the coast the Ogobay receives the outflow of a large lake 10m. wide, communicating with it on the S. bank by a stream 5 m. long. According to Du Chaillu, the Okanda and N'gooyia, which unite to form the Ogobay, are the only rivers that break through the coast chain of mountains, and be- tween the Niger and the Congo there is no other known river that brings down so large a quantity of water as the Ogobay. OGYGES, a mythical king of Greece. During his reign occurred the deluge which is called after him the Ogygian. According to one tra- dition, he was the son of Bceotus, was king of the Hectenes, and the first ruler of Boeotia, which was named from him Ogygia. The oldest gate of Thebes was called the Ogygian gate. He is likewise described as king of Attica, and father of Eleusis and also of Dseira. By Strabo and Polybius he is spoken of as the last king of Achaia, and according to some legends he was an Egyptian monarch. OHIO, one of the central states of the Ameri- can Union, the fourth admitted under the con- stitution, lying between lat. 38 27' and 41 57' N., and Ion. 80 34' and 84 49' W. ; greatest length from E. to "W. 225 m., greatest breadth from N. to S. about 200 m. ; area, 39,964 sq. m. It is bounded N. by Michigan and Lake Erie, E. by Pennsylvania and West Virginia, S. by West Virginia and Kentucky, and W. by Indiana. The Ohio river extends along half of its E. and the whole of its S. boundary, having a course along the borders of the state of 436 m. The lake shore of Ohio has an extent of 230 m., giving the state a whole navigable water frontier of 666 m. Ohio is divided into 88 counties, viz. : Adams, Allen, Ashland, Ashtabula, Athens, Auglaize, Bel-