WIXANS
WIXCHELL
1873-74: was graduated from the College of New-
Jersey (Princeton). A.B.. ISrO. xV.M., 1882; and
studied law at the University of Virginia. 1879-
18«0. He wa.s admitted to the bar in 1882; prac-
tised at Atlanta. Ga., 1882-83; was a student in
liistory and politics at Johns Hopkins university,
1883-«o, liolding the appointment of fellow in
history, 1881-1885: was associate in history in
Bryn Mawr college, 1885-86, and associate pro-
fessor of iiistiiry and political science, 1886-88.
He was married, at Savannali. Ga.. June 24. 1885,
to Ellen Louise, daugiiter of Samuel Edward and
Margaret (Hoyt) Axson. Professor Wilson held
the chair of history and political economy in
Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn., 1888-
90, and in 1890 was appointed to that of jurispru-
dence and poHtical economy in Princeton uni-
versity, a position he still held in 1903. Upon
the resignation of Dr. Francis L. Patton, Pro-
fessor Wilson became acting president of Prince-
ton in August. 1902, and was formally installed
as president, Oct. 25, 1902. In addition to his
professional duties, he was reader in the science
of administration at Johns Hopkins, 1887-1898;
lecturer on constitutional law at the New York
Law school, and a public lecturer upon literary
and political subjects. He was chairman of the
committee of elections, for New Jersej', of Am-
erican candidates for the Rhodes scholarship in
1904. The degree of Ph.D. was conferred upon
him by Johns Hopkins in 1886; that of LL.D. b\'
AVake Forest college, 1887, by Tulane university,
1898, by Johns Hopkins university, 1901; Rutgers
college, 1902, University of Pennsylvania, 1903,
and Brown university, 1903. Yale university
conferred upon liim in 1901 the degree of Litt.D.
His publications include: Congressional Govern-
ment (18.85), which went through many editions
and came into general use at home and abroad;
77ie State; Elements of Historical and Practical
Politics (1889); Divisio7i and Reunion, 1820-1SS9
(1893); An Old Master, and OtherPolitical Essays
(1893); Mere Literature and Other Essays (1896);
George 'Washington (1896); Colonies and Nation:
A Short History of the People of the United
States (1902); History of the American People (5
vols., 1902), ami contributions to magazines.
WINANS, Edwin Baruch, governor of Mich- igan, was born in Avon, N.Y., May 16, 1826; son of John and Eliza Winans. He removed with his parents to Michigan in 1834; attended the public scliools and Albion college, 1847-49, and was engaged in gold mining and other enter- pri.ses in California, 1850-58, after which he set- tled as a farmer in Hamburg. Mich., where he was married. Sept. 3, 1855, to Elizabeth, daughter of George Galloway. He was a rei)resentative in the state legislature, 1861-65; a member of the state constitutional convention, 1807; probate-
judge of Livingston county, Mich., 1877-81; a
Democratic representative from the sixth Mich-
igan district in the 48tli and 49th congresses,
1877-81, and Democratic governor of Micliigan,
1891-93. Governor Winans died in Hamburg,
Midi., July 4, 1894.
WINCHELL, Alexander, geologist, was born in North East, Ducliess county, N.Y., Dec. 31. 1824; son of Horace and Caroline (McAllister) Wincliell; grandson of Col. Martin E., and Clarasa (Hartwell) Winchell and of Alexander McAllister; great- grandson of Lieut. James Winchell, who removed from Tur- key Hills (then Wind- sor), Conn., about 1760, and settled in North East, near what was subse- quently called Win- chell Mountain. Robert Winchell, the first ancestor in America, came from England as early as
1634, settled first in Dorchester, Mass.,
and was one of the founders of Windsor, Conn.,
1635. Alexander Winchell attended the local dis- trict school and that of South Lee, Mass., and also the Stockbridge (Mass.) academy; subsequently taught school in the " Rowe Neighborhood " near his home, meanwhile continuing his studies at the Amenia (N.Y.) seminary, and was graduated from Wesleyan university, A.B., 1847, A.M., 1850. He was a teacher of mathematics in Pen- nington (N.J.) seminary, 1847-48, and of natural sciences in Amenia seminar}', 1848-51. He was married, Dec. 10, 1849, to Julia Frances, daughter of James U. and Lorina Lines of Utica, N.Y. He removed to Alabama in 1850, and had charge successively of the Newbern academy, Mesopo- tamia Female seminary and the Masonic uni- versity until 1853. He was professor of phj-sics and civil engineering, University of Michigan, 1853-55, officiating as secretary of the university, 1854-56, and professor of geology, zoology and botany, 1855-73, meanwhile occupying a similar chair in the University of Kentucky, 1866-69. He was chancellor of Syracuse university, 1873- 74; professor of geology, zoology and botany there, 1873-78, holding a similar professorship in Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., 1875-78, and lecturing on " Cliapters from the Lifetime of a World '" at Syracuse, 1877-78. He visited Europe in 1873 and 1874, and was professor of geology and paleontology in the University of Michigan, 1879-91. He surveyed the Ann Arbor
