212 HEEEFOBD. held King Stephen captive. In that year he 18 also said to have been made Constable of her Court. ( M ) He m. in 1121 Mary, da. and h. of Bernard nE Newmarch, of Brecknock, by Nesta, da. of Griffith ap. Llewellyn, Princb of South Wales. He d. 24 Dec. 1143, being accidentally shot by an arrow while out hunting. Botli he and his wife were bur. in the Priory of Llanthouy, near Gloucester, of which (1136) he had been the founder. V. ] 143 1 ?. Roger (Fitz-Miles), Earl of Hereford, s. and h., to appears to have assumed this Earldom immediately on his father's 1 155 'J death.( b ) This was confirmed or more properly granted {de novo) to him by charter 115-4 of Henry H.(°) He appears to have been recognised as hereditary Constable. He founded the Cistercian Abbey of Flaxley, eo. Gloucester, supposed to be placed on the spot where his father was slain. He (or, possibly, his br., Walter) hi., before 1139, Cecilia, 1st da. and co- heir of Payne Eitz-Joiin, feudal Lord of Ewyas. He was living in the spring of 115;') (") So writes Brooke uncontradicted by (his most critical commentator) Vincent. This is possibly the origin (which is somewhat obscure) of the office of " Constable of England " the 7th* great officer of State. Mr. VV. J. Thome in bis ltcul; of the Court (1844) says that ■' the office of Lord High Constable" was " • viginally granted by the Empres< Maud to Milo de Gloucester." On the other ban '. Dngdak colls Milo's father, Walter " Constable of England," adding " touching which office of Constable, as it then stood, I take it to have been the same as Captain of the tltt ird in after-times for he was then called Princeps Militire doniUS Regiie." ( b ; ,; In vol. i, p. 311, of Cart, et Hist. Mon. S. Petri, Glouc., is recorded a formal deed of exchange executed 1141 in prtcsenfia Domini lioycri, OamUU Jlcrcforditi' > See "The Cartulary of the Abbey of Flaxley " by A. W. Crawley- Boevey (1887) in which work there is much information about this Earl Roger, the founder thereof, ( e ) '1 hffl charter (which is recited in the subsequent charter ol the Earldom to Henry in Bohun in 1199) is set out at length in the Lords' Report on the dignity of a Peer. In it the third penny of the pleas of the county of Hereford " untie feci cam Comitem " is granted to him and the opinion of the Lords's ('ou.mitt.ee on it was that it was a special creation. They state that " King Henry may have disputed the grant of [by ?] his mother to Milo, and in that case his own giant to Roger (son of Milo) tho' made to Roger and hit heirs may have been considered as an original grant confined to heirs of the bod;/ of Roger, especially with respect to the dignity of Ear), as the brothers of Roger did not succeed to that dignity."
- The nine great offices of State are those of (1) The Loud High STEWARD or
Viceroy [Magma Anylhc Seneschal I us) which as an hereditary office (annexed to the Barony of Hinckley, co. Leicester, enjoyed by the Earls of Leicester) merged in the Crown on the accession of King Henry IV. iu 1399 (2) The Lord High Chancellor, which office, having been in early times (like many of the subsequent offices) held only by Ecclesiastics, was never hereditary. (3) The Loud HlQH TREASURER, of which office the first lay peer that possessed it was (Richard, Lord Serope of Bolton), in 1371 and which, since 1714, has always been executed I y Commissioners. (4) The Loud President ok the Council, an office suspended by Queen Elizabeth revived (but once( by Charles I., re-established in 187? by Charles II. (5) The Lord 1'iiivy Seal, first held by a lay man iu (1538-39), 30 Hen. VI II. (6) The Lord Great 1 iiambeiu.ain, an hereditary office in the family of De Vein, Earls of Oxford, till 1626, v> hen it passed to that of Bertie (and thence to Bun-ell) which family, tho' a descendant, was neither heir general nor heir male to the grantee (7) The Lord Hicjh Con.- table, an office hereditary for nine generations in the family of Bohun, Earls of Hereford [1199— 13C2] passing thence to that of I'lautagenet and merging in the Crown in 1399 on the accession of King Henry IV., but reverting, on the death of Henry VI., to the family of Stafford, Dukes of Buckingham, till 1521, since which date it bus never been granted but pro k&c vice for some solemnity. (VIII.) The EaRL Marshal, an hereditary office in tile families of Mowbray and Howard, Dukes of Norfolk. (IX.) The Lord High Admiral, which office often held by the King himself, or a son of the King, was never hereditary. This post (with the exception of 15 months, May 1827 to Aug. 1828, when it was held by ll.R.IS. the Duke of Clarence, afterwards King William IV.), has, since 1709, never been executed by me person, only, but by Commissioners
