theless, the disadvantages of monotypic genera have led me to place teres in Antron until the discovery of additional species may encourage a more detailed classification.
The well-known agamic forms of four of the varieties of the species echinus are here united with the more recently discovered bisexual forms on admittedly circumstantial but considerable evidence. This is only the second set of life histories published for the Pacific Coast Cynipidae. Less certain is the suggested alternation of teres and Beutenmüller's pulchella. We have not recognized the bisexual form of any variety of guadaloupensis.
Two of the varieties of teres are short-winged insects that offer convincing evidence of the very close relations that may exist between long-winged and nearly wingless Cynipidae. All three of the known varieties of guadaloupensis have shortened wings, altho the reduction is not as great as in teres. The wing mutations have undoubtedly occurred independently in the two species.
Cynips (Antron) echinus Osten Sacken
bisexual and agamic forms
AGAMIC FEMALE.—Head slightly narrower than the thorax, thorax of normal size, dark rufous, piceous to black in places; mesonotum finely shagreened and punctate; parapsidal grooves of moderate width, distinct and continuous; anterior parallel lines in part smooth; lateral lines not wide but distinct and long; scutellum dark rufous, rather finely rugose; abdomen dark rufous, in part piceous to entirely black; legs entirely rufous or darker; wings always long; the cubital cell with a rather large, smoky-brown patch near its base but without additional spotting; the discoidal cell with less definite patches or almost clear; length 1.5 to 3.5 mm.
BISEXUAL FEMALE.—Head, thorax, and abdomen entirely black and piceous black, the antennae rich brown, in some varieties bright rufous yellow basally, the legs including all but the hind coxae bright rufous yellow; mesonotum entirely, prominently shagreened, nearly naked; anterior parallel lines entirely shagreened, hardly discernible; the lateral lines not smooth but more evident; scutellum more or less rugose; the mesopleura more nearly naked, smooth and shining; wings long, the cubital cell with an evident but not heavy, smoky patch near the base; the discoidal cell practically clear; length about that of the agamic female.
MALE.—As described for the subgenus Antron.
