collection. Labelled Oroville, California; galls April 1, 1920; Q. Douglasii; Kinsey collector.
The present re-descriptions are new studies of the holotype and the paratypes in the American Museum and Kinsey collections.
My material collected at Three Rivers on March 23 and at Oroville on April 1 (both in 1920) had just appeared with the young oak leaves, but the adult insects emerged from these galls within a few days. The eggs, laid in the veins of the young leaves of the blue oak, apparently do not hatch for a couple of months. In early July, the galls of the agamic form, echinus, begin to appear.
The bisexual form of variety vicina is so close to ribes that the two should be carefully compared in making determinations in this group.
Cynips echinus variety vicina, new variety
agamic form vicina, new form
Figures 25, 177
Cynips echinus var. C Kinsey, 1927, Field and Lab. Manual in Biol.: 104.
FEMALE.—Very dark rufous and black, the entire body including the legs and antennae often black; foveal groove usually smooth at the bottom, with a very fine ridge dividing it indistinctly; clouded patch distinct in the cubital cell, but the patches in the discoidal cell very faint or wholly lacking; length 1.7 to 2.8 mm., averaging nearer 2.2 mm., distinctly smaller than the variety echinus. Figure 177.
GALL.—Indistinguishable from that of variety echinus, unless averaging a bit smaller. Quite regularly spherical, entirely covered with from 20 to 60 spiny projections, these broadest when they are fewest in number; mature galls bright to dark coral red or coral red with a violet bloom, not as often puberulent as in variety echinus; on Quercus Douglasii.
RANGE.—California: 7 miles south of Kelseyville (Hildebrand in Kinsey coll.). Kelseyville (Schulthess, types). 5 miles north of Upper Lake (Schulthess and Hildebrand in Kinsey coll.). Scott Mountain in Lake County, Cobb Mountain in Lake County, and northeast and southern sides of Bartlett Mountain in Lake County (Schulthess in Kinsey coll.). Inskip (Leach in Kinsey coll.). Sierran foothills east of Dinuba (L. H. Powell in Kinsey coll.).
Apparently occurring over an area extending from Lake County in a narrow fringe about the Great Valley of California. Figure 25.
TYPES.—17 females, many galls. Holotype and paratype females
and galls in the Kinsey collection. Paratype females and galls in the