Cynips subgenus Cynips Linnaeus
agamic and bisexual forms
Cynips Linnaeus, 1758 (in part), Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1:553. Linnaeus, 1789 (in part), Ent. faunae suecicae 3:69. Westwood, 1840, Classif. Ins. 2:127, 131. Westwood, 1840, Generic Synop.: 56. Hartig, 1840 (in part), Germar Ent. Zeit. 2:185, 187. Schenck, 1865 (in part), Jahr. Ver. Nassau 17-18: 174, 178. Taschenberg, 1866 (in part), Hymen. Deutsch.: 141, 144. Rohwer and Fagan, 1917, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 53: 364. Also of other authors.
Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762 (only in part), Hist. Ins. 2:308. Latreille, 1807, Gen. Crustac. et Insect. 4:18. Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1910 (in part only), Das Tierreich 24:342. [NOT Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762, whose type seems to be Cynips rosae Linnaeus, suggested by Karsch, 1880, Zeit. Gam. Naturh., and specifically designated by Rohwer and Fagan, 1917, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 53: 365.]
Dryophanta Förster, 1869, Verh. zoo.-bot. Ges. Wien 19:335. Mayr, 1871, Mitteleurop. Eichengallen: 35-39. Mayr, 1881, Gen. gallenbew. Cynip.: 9, 12, 36. Mayr, 1882, Europ. gallenbew. Cynip.: 35. Dalla Torre, 1893 (in part), Cat. Hymen. 2:48-55. Kieffer, 1901, André Hymén. Europe 7(1):619. Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1902 (in part), Gen. Ins. Hymen. Cynip.: 52. Kieffer, 1903, André Hymén. Europe 7(2):677. Also of many other authors.
Spathegaster of authors. For bisexual forms. [NOT Hartig, 1840, Germar Ent. Zeit. 2:186 = Neuroterus.]
FEMALE.—The cheeks slightly enlarged behind the eyes (agamic forms) or not enlarged (bisexual forms); antennae of moderate length, with 13 or (rarely) 14 segments (agamic forms), with 14 distinct segments in bisexual forms; thorax of moderate size; parapsidal grooves continuous; median groove lacking; mesopleura (agamic forms) largely punctate and hairy, or mesopleura (bisexual forms) largely smooth and naked; abdomen smooth and naked except for the hairs latero-basally and for a microscopic pubescence on the posterior segments; hypopygial spine rather broad, rather drawn out at the ventral tip; tarsal claws of moderate weight, moderately toothed; wings always long, about 1.50 times the body in length (in both agamic and bisexual forms); the second abscissa of the radius only slightly curved at a point one-third from the tip, the tip of the vein with or without an expansion; the radial cell rather long and only moderately broad; the areolet of moderate size to small; all the cells without clouded patches or spots unless there is a mere trace of a patch at the base of the cubital cell; length 1.8 to 4.4 mm., the agamic insects varying from a small to a moderate size, the known bisexual forms of moderate size.
MALE.—Differs from the bisexual female as described for the genus (q.v.); the eyes a bit larger than in the female but barely extending beyond the cheeks; antennae with 15 segments; all wing cells clear of spots and blotches.
