Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/515

SOTJTHOLT. 503 SOUTHWARD. SOUTHOLT, a par. in the hund. of Hoxnc, co. Suf- folk, a miles N. of Debenham, and the same distance S.E. of Eye, its post town. The village, which is of simll extent, is wholly agricultural. The living is a cur. annexed to the rect. of Worlingworth, in the dioc. of Norwich. The church, dedicated to St. Margaret, is an ancient structure, and contains a brass of the date 1585. SOUTHOEPE, a hmlt. in the par. of Barnack, co. Northampton, 1 mile from Barnack, and 5 miles S.E. of Stamford. SODTHORPE, an ext. par. place in the wap. of Cor- ringham, parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 6 miles N.E. of Gainsborough. SOUTHOVER, a par. in the hund. of Swanborough, co. Sussex, adjoining Lewes, of which it is a suburb. It is situated on the river Ouse, and is within the borough of Lewes. The manor once belonged to St. Pancras Cluniac Priory, and was presented by Henry VIII. to T. Cromwell and Anne of Cleves, who died here. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Chichester, val. 35. The church, dedicated to St. John the Bap- tist, has recently been restored. SOUTHOVER, a hmlt. in the par. of Frampton, co. Dorset, 5 miles N.W. of Dorchester, near the river Frome. SOUTHOVER, a hmlt. in the par. of Tolpuddle, co. Dorset, 5 miles N.E. of Dorchester, near the river Trent, or Piddle. SOUTHPORT. See PORTSEA, co. Hants. SOUTHPORT, a chplry., post town, and watering- place in the par. of North Meols, hund. of West Derby, co. Lancaster, 7 J miles N.W. of Ormskirk, and 22 N. of Liverpool. It is a station on the Lancashire and York- shire railway. It is situated on the sands at the mouth of the river Ribble, and has of late years been much resorted to for sea-bathing. It was, at the commence- ment of the present century, a cluster of fishermen's huts, called South Hawes, but is now a town consisting of 13 streets, the chief of which is called Lord-street, extending nearly a mile in length. In this street is the townhall, erected in 1853 at an outlay of 4,500. There are also a market-house, savings-bank, theatre, &c. It is lighted with hydrocarbonic gas, and is well paved and supplied with excellent water. It is much resorted to by invalids in consequence of its mild atmo- sphere and general salubrity. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Chester, val. 469. Besides the parish church there is also Trinity church, situated in Hoghton-street. The Roman Catholics, Wesleyans, In- dependents, and Primitive Methodists have each a chapel, and there is a Friends' meeting-house. The principal residences are Martindale Lodge, Sea-view House, &c. SOUTHROP, a par. in the hund. of Brightwell's- Barrow, co. Gloucester, 3^ miles N.W. of Lechdale, its post town. The village is situated on the river Leach, and is chiefly agricultural. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Gloucester and Bristol, val. 192, in the patron, of Wadham College, Oxford. The church is dedicated to St. Peter, and was restored in 1852. The parochial charities produce about 6 per annum. There is a parochial school for both sexes. The Warden and Fellows of Wadham College, Oxford, are lords of the manor. SOUTHROPE, a tythg. in the par. of Herriard, co. Hants, 6 miles N.W. of Alton. SOUTHROPE, a tnshp. in the par. of Hook-Norton, <<>. ( Ixford, 5 miles N.E. of Chipping-Norton. SOUTHROW, a hmlt. in the par. of Bardney, W. div. of Wraggoe hund., parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 7 miles S. of Wragby, on the river Witham. SOUTHSEA, a district in the par. of Portsea, co. Hants, adjoining Portsmouth, within which borough it is situated. The London, Brighton, and South Coast railway has a station hero for Portsmouth, opposite Spit- head and the Isle of Wight, and it is a coastguard station and watering-place. The houses are well constructed, and there is a promenade leading from the assembly rooms, along the beach, to Southsea Castle, now con- verted into an hospital. It hag been much improved through the exertions of the late Lieutenant-Governor Lord F. Fitzclarence, who erected the two statues of Wellington and Nelson near the entrance. Sec PORTSEA and PORTSMOUTH. SOUTHSHORE, a hmlt. in the par. of Poulton-le- Fylde, hund. of Amounderness, co. Lancaster, 15 miles S.W. of Lancaster. It is situated near the mouth of the river Wyre, and has a church recently built. SOUTH-STREET. See SOUTHOATE, co. Middlesex. SOUTHTON, or VALLENCE, a tythg. in the par. of Collingbourn-Kingston, co. Wilts, 4 miles N.W. of Ludgershall. SOUTH-TOWN, or LITTLE YARMOUTH, a hmlt. in the par. of Corleston, co. Suffolk, 1 mile from Yar- mouth, its post town, and 9 miles from Lowestoft. It is situated on the river Yare, opposite Yarmouth, of which it constitutes a large suburb. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in the fisheries and in shipbuilding. The living is a rect., annexed to the vie. of Gorleston, in the dioc. of Norwich. The church is in ruins. SOUTH-TOWN, a hmlt. in the par. of West Pen- nard, co. Somerset, 5 miles S. of Wells. SOUTHWARK, an ancient parliamentary borough, forming one of the great divisions of the metropolis, locally in the E. div. of Brixton hund. and Lambeth union, co. Surrey. It is situated on the south-eastern bank of the Thames, opposite the City of London, to which it is joined by the London, South wark, and Black- friars bridges, and the Thames tunnel. The Greenwich, Brighton, South-Eastern, Croydon, and Crystal Palace railways have their central termini at Tooley-street, ad- joining London-bridge. It was called in Saxon times Kulhwerc, from an ancient earthwork or fort, erected for the defence of the ferry here across the river. It was fired by William the Norman in 10C6 on his approach to Lon- don. In 1327 it was granted by Edward III. to the City, of which it became in 1551 a portion, under the name of the Borough of South wark, or Bridge-without, being pre- sided over by one of the senior aldermen. As one of the metropolitan boroughs, it possesses an independent fran- chise, and has returned two members to parliament since the reign of Edward I. The high bailiff is the returning officer. It was occupied by the malcontents, under Wat Tyler, in the reign of Richard II., and again in 1554 by the insurgents under Wyatt ; on the former of these occasions the rioters destroyed the stews of Southwark, then belonging to the Lord Mayor, Sir William Wai- worth, which act, Mr. Cunningham suggests, may ex- plain the unusual loyalty displayed by the Lord Mayor in stabbing the insurgent leader in cold blood with his own hand. On the passing of the Reform Act in 1832 the bounds of the borough were extended, so as to include, besides the old borough, with the liber- ties of the Mint and manor of Suffolk, the parishes of Rotherhithe, Bermondsey, and Christ-Church, with the Clink liberty of the parish of St. Saviour. The whole area of the old borough, extending about 1 j mile from E. to W., and about one mile from N. to S., is crowded with streets, houses, and public buildings, but a considerable portion of the recently-added parishes are occupied by wharves, docks, yards, and other con- veniences for shipping, and extensive manufactories reaching nearly 4 miles along the S. bank of the river. In form the new borough nearly resembles a parallelogram, being bounded on the S. by Lam- beth, and on the other three sides by the Thames, that part of the river called Lambeth Reach sepa- rating it from Westminster on the W., and the other part called Limehouse Reach separating it from the Isle of Dogs on the E. The principal streets are the Borough High-street, leading southwards, and Tooley- street, running eastward from London-bridge, Bridge- street, running southward from Southwark-bridge, and Great Surrey-street, near the western limits of the borough, running southwards from Blackfrinrs-bridge to the Obelisk in St. George's-fields, where the main streets from the several bridges, known as the Borough- road, Blackfriars-road, Waterloo-road, Westminster-