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148 pliitt's natueal history. [Book II. Eabianus Antias^, Mucianus^ Csecina, who wrote on the Etruscan discipline, Tarquitius^, who did the same, Julius Aquila'^, who also did the same, and Sergius^ EoEEiGN AUTHOES QTJOTED.— Plato^ HipjDarclius', Ti- mffius^", Sosigenes'^ Petosiris^^, JSecepsos'^, the Pjthago- 1 Fabianus Papirius, a Roman rhetorician and natm-alist, whose works are highly commended by Phny and Seneca. He wi-ote a Histoiy of Ani- mals, and a book on Natm'al Causes. 2 Qiiintus Valerius Antias. He flourished about B.C. 80, and wrote the Annals of Rome, down to the time of Sylla. 3 Marcus Licuiius Crassus Mucianus. He was instrumental in raising the Emperor Vespasian to the throne, and was Consul in the years A.D. 52, 70, and 74 He pubhshed three Books of Epistles, and a History m eleven Books, which appears to have treated eliiefly of Eastern aflah's. 4 Aulus Csecina. He was sent into exile by Csesar, joined the Pom- peians in Africa, and was taken prisoner by Cgesar, but liis hfe was spared. Cicero wi'ote several letters to him, and commends his abilities. His work appears to have been on Divination as practised by the Etrm-ians. 5 He appears to have been a chviner or soothsayer of Etruria, and to have vpritten a work on Etruscan prodigies. 6 He also wi'ote a work on Etruscan divination, but it does not appear that anytliing fui'ther is knovra of liim. 7 Sergius Paulus. He is also mentioned in the Index to the 18th Book. Nothing fm-ther seems to be known of liim. 8 The greatest, with the exception of Aristotle, of the Greek Philoso- phers, and the disciple of Socrates. 9 A native of Nicea in Bithynia, who floui-ished B.C. 160. He is called the " Father" of Astronomy. He wrote a Commentary on the Pheno- mena of Aratus and Eudoxus, which is still extant. His works, including those on the Lunar Month and the Fixed Stars, have not come down to us. His Catalogue of the Stars is preserved in the Ahnagest of Ptolemy. 10 Tunseus of Locri in Italy, a Pythagorean plulosopher, said to have been the mstructor of Plato. He wrote a work on Mathematics. A work " On the Soul of the World and of Nature," which is stiU extant, has been ascribed to liim, but on doubtful grounds. 11 An astronomer and peripatetic philosopher of Alexandria. He was employed by JuHus Csesar to superintend liis revision of the Calendar, It is supposed that he wrote a work on the Celestial Revolutions, and a Commentary on the works of Ai-istotle. 12 A priest, mathematician, and astrologer of Egypt. A Letter on the Astrological Sciences, written by him to King Necepsos, is said to be extant m the Royal Library at Vienna, as also a work called the " Orga- num Astrologicum," dedicated to the same king. Juvenal seems to use his name as a common term for an astrologer. ij* He is mentioned by JuhusFirmicus as "a most just emperor of Egypt, and a very good astronomer." A work by him is quoted by Galen in Ma t€nth Book on Simples, but it was most probably of spm-ious origia.