Page:The Natural History of Pliny.djvu/182

Fabianus^[1], Antias^[2], Mucianus^[3], Cæcina^[4], who wrote on the Etruscan discipline, Tarquitius^[5], who did the same, Julius Aquila^[6], who also did the same, and Sergius^[7]

Foreign Authors Quoted.—Plato^[8] Hipparchus^[9], Timæus^[10], Sosigenes^[11] Petosiris^[12], Necepsos^[13], the Pythago-

1. Fabianus Papirius, a Roman rhetorician and naturalist, whose works are highly commended by Pliny and Seneca. He wrote a History of Animals, and a book on Natural Causes.
2. Quintus Valerius Antias. He flourished about B.C. 80, and wrote the Annals of Rome, down to the time of Sylla.
3. Marcus Licuiius Crassus Mucianus. He was instrumental in raising the Emperor Vespasian to the throne, and was Consul in the years A.D. 52, 70, and 74. He published three Books of Epistles, and a History in eleven Books, which appears to have treated chiefly of Eastern affairs.
4. Aulus Cæcina. He was sent into exile by Cæsar, joined the Pompeians in Africa, and was taken prisoner by Cæsar, but his life was spared. Cicero wrote several letters to him, and commends his abilities. His work appears to have been on Divination as practised by the Etrurians.
5. He appears to have been a diviner or soothsayer of Etruria, and to have written a work on Etruscan prodigies.
6. He also wrote a work on Etruscan divination, but it does not appear that anything further is known of him.
7. Sergius Paulus. He is also mentioned in the Index to the 18th Book. Nothing further seems to be known of him.
8. The greatest, with the exception of Aristotle, of the Greek Philosophers, and the disciple of Socrates.
9. A native of Nicea in Bithynia, who flourished B.C. 160. He is called the "Father" of Astronomy. He wrote a Commentary on the Phœnomena of Aratus and Eudoxus, which is still extant. His works, including those on the Lunar Month and the Fixed Stars, have not come down to us. His Catalogue of the Stars is preserved in the Ahnagest of Ptolemy.
10. Timæseus of Locri in Italy, a Pythagorean philosopher, said to have been the instructor of Plato. He wrote a work on Mathematics. A work "On the Soul of the World and of Nature," which is still extant, has been ascribed to him, but on doubtful grounds.
11. An astronomer and peripatetic philosopher of Alexandria. He was employed by Julius Cæsar to superintend his revision of the Calendar, It is supposed that he wrote a work on the Celestial Revolutions, and a Commentary on the works of Aristotle.
12. A priest, mathematician, and astrologer of Egypt. A Letter on the Astrological Sciences, written by him to King Necepsos, is said to be extant in the Royal Library at Vienna, as also a work called the "Organum Astrologicum," dedicated to the same king. Juvenal seems to use his name as a common term for an astrologer.
13. He is mentioned by Julius Firmicus as "a most just emperor of Egypt, and a very good astronomer." A work by him is quoted by Galen in his tenth Book on Simples, but it was most probably of spurious origin.