named Augusta Firma, at which place it becomes navigable, The other colonies in this jurisdiction which are exempt from tribute are Tucci, surnamed Augusta Gemella[1], Itucci called Virtus Julia[2], Attubi or Claritas Julia[3], Urso[4] or Genua Urbanorum; and among them in former times Munda[5], which was taken with the son of Pompey. The free towns are Old Astigi[6] and Ostippo[7]; the tributary towns are Callet, Callecula, Castra Gemina, the Lesser Ilipula, Merucra, Sacrana, Obulcula[8], and Oningis. As you move away from the sea-coast, near where the river Menoba is navigable, you find, at no great distance, the Alontigiceli and the Alostigi[9].
The country which extends from the Bætis to the river Anas, beyond the districts already described, is called Bæturia, and is divided into two parts and the same number of nations; the Celtici[10], who border upon Lusitania, in the ju-
- ↑ The site of this place is unknown. It probably obtained its name from being a colony of one of the legions, the 7th, 10th, 13th or 14th; which were called 'geminæ' or 'gemellæ,' from being composed of the men of two legions originally.
- ↑ "The Valour of Julius." Sanson places it not far from Miragenil.
- ↑ "The Fame of Julius." Perhaps the present Olivera, or else Teba, six leagues to the south of Estepa.
- ↑ The present city of Ossuna. "Genua Urbanorum" would seem to mean "the knees of the citizens." Though all the MSS. agree in this reading, it probably is an error for "gemina Urbanorum," and it may have been a colony of one of the legions called 'geminæ' or 'gemellæ,' as previously mentioned. The other part of its appellation may possibly have originated in the fact of its first inhabitants being all natives of the city of Rome.
- ↑ The use of the word fuit, 'was,' implies that the place had been destroyed. Cneius Pompeius, the eldest son of Pompey the Great, was defeated at Munda, in the year B.C. 45, and the town destroyed. Pompey escaped from the battle, but was taken a short time after and put to death. The site of the ancient town is very generally supposed to be the modern village of Monda, S.W. of Malaga, and about three leagues from the sea. It is more probable however that it was in the vicinity of Cordova, and there are ruins of ancient walls and towers between Martos, Alcandete, Espejo and Baena, which are supposed to denote its site.
- ↑ Now Alameda; eight leagues from the other Astiji or Ecija.
- ↑ Now Estepa, six leagues from Ecija.
- ↑ Perhaps Mancloua, between the towns of Ecija and Carmona; the sites of all the other places here mentioned appear to be quite unknown.
- ↑ Sanson supposed the Alostigi to have inhabited the territory near Almagia, between Malaga and Antiqueira.
- ↑ The Celtici are supposed to have inhabited the country between the
