He wrote a readable book entitled Tiurcls of a Snr;(ir I'bintcr.
ALLEN, Horace N. (1S5S— ). United States minister in Korea. He was born April 23, 1858, in Delaware, 0., graduated in the Ohio Wesleyan University, studied medicine, and went as med- ical missionary (Presbyterian) to China. In 1884, at the time of the couij d'etat of Kim Ok Kiun, he was at Seoul, Korea, and saved the life of a relative of Queen Jling. He was made court Iihysician, and established a hospital under gov- ernment control. When the first Korean lega- tion went to Washington in 1887, he acted as interpreter and secretary. Returning to Korea in 1890, he soon became noted for his knowledge of Korean alTairs, and in 1897 was made United States minister plenipotentiary to the Korean Empire. Publications: Korean Tales : A Chron- oloijical Index of the Chief Events in the Foreign Iniereourse of Korea, and many learned articles in The Korean Repository and the Transaetions of the Asiatic Society of Korea.
ALLEN, Horatio, LL.D. (1802-89) . An Amer- ican civil engineer. He was born at Schenectady, N. Y., graduated in 1823 at Columbia, and in 1826 was appointed resident engineer of the summit level of the Delaware and Hudson Canal. He was sent to England in 1828 to buy locomo- tives for the canal company's projected railway, and in 1829, at Honesdale,"Pa., the initial point of the railway, operated the "Stourbridge Lion" in the first trip made by a locomotive on this continent. From 1829 to 1834 he was the chief engineer of the South Carolina Railway, at that time the longest railway in the world, and from 1838 to 1842 was principal assistant engineer of the Croton aqueduct for supplying water to New York City. He was at various times chief engineer and president of the Erie Railway, and consulting engineer for the Panama Railway and the Brooklyn^Bridge. In 1872 and 1873 he was president of the American Society of Civil Engi- neers. He was the inventor of the so-called "swiveling truck" for railway cars.
ALLEN, Ira (1751-1814). One of the found- ers of Vermont. He was born in Cornwall, Conn., and in 1772 removed to Vermont, where he served as a lieutenant under his brother, Ethan, and took an active part in the boundary dispute between New Y'ork and New Hampshire. He was a member of the Vermont Legislature (1770-77), and of the State Constitutional Con- vention (1778), and in 1780-81 was a commis- sioner to Congress. He went to France in 1795 and bought 20,000 muskets and 24 cannon, in- tending to sell them to Vermont: but he was captured at sea, and taken to England on a charge of furnishing arms to Irish rebels. He was acquitted after a lawsuit that lasted eight years. He published The yatural and Political 'History of Vermont (London, 1798), and fijatc- mrnts Appended to the Olive Branch (1807).
ALLEN, James Lane (1849—). An American novelist. He was born in Kentucky, and graduated at Transylvania University. He taught first in Kentucky University, and afterward at Bethany College, West Virginia, but after ISSfi devoted himself entirely to literature, publishing successively Flute and Violin (1891), The l:luc Grass Hegion. and Other f^ketehes (1892), John Gray: a yorel (1893), The Ken- tucky Cardinal (1894), Aftermath (1895), .1 Summer in Arcady (1896), The Choir InvisiUe (a rewriting of John (hay, 1897). and The Reign of Law (1900). His stories deal mainly with life and nature in Kentucky, and are elab- orate in stylistic art. His short stories, such as The White Cowl and Sister Dolorosa, were the first, and are among the best fruits of his genius. His later works, however, show more conscious artistic elaboration.
ALLEN, Jerome (1830-94). An American educator. He was born at Westminster West, Vt., and graduated at Amherst College in 1851. He was at the head of several educational in- stitutions in the West from 1851 to 1885, and professor of pedagogy at the University of New Y'ork from 1887 to 1893. To his ef- forts more than to any other agency was due the founding of the New York School of Pedagogy, of which he liecame dean in 1889. Professor Allen's publications inclmlc a Hand- hook of Experimental Chemistry. Methods for Teachers in Grammar, Hind Studies for Young Teachers, and Temperament in Education.
ALLEN, Joel Asaph (1838—). An American naturalist. He was born at Springfield, Mass.. July 19, 1838. Between 1865 and 1869, and again "in 1873, he took part in various scientific expeditions to Brazil and Florida, and to the Rocky Mountains, gathering material and contributing studies of it to scientific periodicals, especially the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. In 1870 he became an assistant in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, and later its curator of birds and mammals. In 1886 he was appointed to a similar office in the American Museum of Natural History in New Y'ork. He was one of the founders and early presidents of the American Ornithologists' Union and the editor of its quarterly publication, The Auk. and one of the early members of the National Academy. Dr. Allen has won rank as one of the foremost systemists of American mammals and birds, in which work he has made minute subdivisions; and has made fruitful researches into the prin- ciples of geographical distribution, and those governing climatic and seasonal variation in color, size, and other details. In addition to a gi-eat number of scientific papers, he is author of The American Bisons (Cambridge. 1876) : Monographs of Xorth American Rodcntia (with E. Coues) (Washington, 1877) ; and History of Xorth American Pinnipedia (Washington, 1880).
ALLEN, Joseph Henry (1820-98). A Unitarian scholar. He was born at Northborough, Mass., August 21, 1820; graduated at Harvard College, 1840, and at the Divinity School in 1843. He was pastor at different places: editor
of The Christian Examiner, 1857-69: lecturer upon ecclesiastical history in Harvard University, 1878-82; joint editor (with J. B. Greenough) of a series of classical text-books; author of Hehrew Men and Times [to the Christian era] (Boston. 1861); Christian History in its Three Great Periods. (1) Early Christianity, (2)
The Middle Age, (3) Modern Phases (1882-83, 3 volumes) ; Our Liberal Movement in Theology. Chiefly as Shown in Recollections of the nistori/ of Vnitarianisni in Xew England (1882), Historical Sketch of the Unitarian
Movement since the Reformation (New York. 1894 ) . His works show independent study and acquaintance with the sources, and his denominational histories rest upon personal acquam-
