tance with the leaders. He died in Cambridge, Mass., .March 29, 1898.
ALLEN, Karl Fekdinand (1811-71). A Danish historian, born at Copenhagen. He studied at the university there, and in 1845 to 1848 made e.xaniinations of various European archives. He was appointed an instructor and titular professor at Copenhagen in 1851, and professor of history and northern archaeology in 1862. His principal work is his De Tre Xordishc i;ir/ers Historic, IJiin'-Jj.ilJ (The History of the Three Northern Kingdoms, 141)7-1536, 5 volumes, 1864-72), one of the most important contributions to the history of northern Europe.
ALLEN, Ralph (1694-1704). An English
pliilantliropist. He was known for his numer-
ous benefactions, and as a friend of Fielding
(who represents him as Squire Alhvorthy in Tom
Jones), of Pitt, and of Pope, who in the epilogut
to the Satires of Horace, says of him:
- ' Let humble Allen, w ith nn a« k jird shame.
Do good by stealth, and blush to find it fame."
ALLEN, Richard (1700-1831). A colored
Metliodist preacher. He was born in slavery,
but bouglit his freedom, and afterward acquired
considerable wealth. He became a local Jletho-
dist preaclier in 1782, and organized the first
church for colored people in the United States,
in Philadelphia, in 17i)3. He was the first col-
ored minister ordained by Bishop Asbury, a
deacon (1799), and was elected a bishop of the
African Methodist Episcopal Church on its for-
mation in 1810. He died in Philadelphia.
ALLEN, Robert (1815-80). An American
soldier. He was born in Ohio, graduated at
West Point in 1830, served with distinction in
the second Seminole 'ar and in the Jlexican
War, and was subsequently chief quartermaster
of the Pacific division until 1861, when he be-
came quartermaster of the Department of ilis-
souii. In this capacity, and afterward (1863-
00), as chief quartermaster of the Missouri Val-
ley, he rendered valuable services to the Federal
armies in the West, and by successive promotions
became brevet major-general in 1865. After the
war he was again chief quartermaster of the
Pacific division, until retii'ed in 1878.
ALLEN, Thomas (1849—). An American landsca])e and animal painter. He was born at St. Louis, Mo., studied at the Diisseldorf Acad- emy, and has his studio in Boston. He became a member of the Society of American Artists (1880), and an associate member of the National Academy of Design (1884), and was one of the international board of judges at Chicago in 1893. His most successful works are chielly lindsca])e and animal s»ibjects, and include "O'er -Ml the Hilltops is Rest," "Maplehurst at Noon," and "Toilers of the Plain."
ALLEN, Viola (1867 — ). An -American ac- tress who in 1898 made a wide reputation as Glory (Juayle in Hall Caine's dramatized novel, 71ic Christiait, in which she starred with great popular success. She is the daughter of an actor, C. Leslie Allen, and appeared on the stage when fifteen years old, in Esmeralda, at the Mad- ison Square Theatre, New York (1882). Later she played in the company of John McCullough and with Tommaso Salvini, Lawrence Barrett, Joseph Jefferson, and W. J. Florence. . In 1893, she was at the Empire Theatre, New York, where she remained four years. Among the pieces in which she there appeared were The Masqiicrad- ers and Under the lied Robe. After her seasons in The Christian, she starred with In the Falaee of the King (1900), by F. Marion Craw- ford and Lorimer Stoddard. Consult: L. C. Strang, Famous Actresses of the Dai/ in Amer- ica (Boston, 1899) ; J. B. Clapp and E. F. Ed- gett, Players of the Present (New Y'ork, 1899).
ALLEN, William (1532-94). An English cardinal. Born at Rossall, he studied in Oriel College, Oxford, and became principal of St. Mary's Hall in 1550. He opposed the Reforma- tion, and after Elizabeth's accession he went to Louvain (1561). He returned to England (1502), but his proselytizing zeal made another flight necessary, and he went to Holland (1505), and never revisited England. He was ordained priest at Mechlin, was more prominent in or- ganizing in the University of Douai (1568) a college for English Roman Catholics, whence he sent Jesuit priests to his native land, the aim of his life being to restore Papal supremacy in England. In 1570 he became regius professor of divinity, in 1587 a cardinal, in 1589 he was- offered the archbishopric of Malines, but de- clined the honor. He died at Rome, October 16. 1594. Consult his Letters and Memorials, with introduction by T. F. Knox (London, 1882). He made vigorous efforts to check tlie progress of the Protestant Reformation in England and en- gaged in polemical writing. Several violent libels of the time are attributed to his pen, but his au- thorship of these has been disputed. Among the Jesuit priests he sent to England was the cele- brated Father Campion, put to death by Eliza- beth. He published ten volumes, among them Certain Brief Reasons Concerning Catholic Faith (1564), and aided in revising the English trans- lation of the Bible known as the Douai Bible.
ALLEN, William (1770-1843). An English philanthropist. He was lecturer on chemistry in Guy's Hospital, fellow of the Royal Society, and one of the founders of the Pharmaceutical Society. Jointly with Samuel Pepys, he established the chemical composition of carbonic acid. He belonged to Sir Humphry Davy's circle of friends, and at his request he lectured on physics at the Royal Institution. He was a prominent member of the Society of Friends, and bore an active part in the philanthropic movements of his time. Wilberforce and Clarkson were his intimate friends, and he shared in the anti-slavery agitation. He was an active supporter of Lancaster and Bell in their educational movement, championing their side of the controversy in his journal. The Philanthropist : and he was associated with Robert Owen in his schemes for social improvement. He also founded industrial schools, and advocated the abolition of capital punishment. He contributed papers to the Philosophical Transactions. Consult Life of William Allen, with fielcctions from His Correspondence (2 volumes. 1847 )
ALLEN, William (1784-1868). An American educator and author. He was born at Pittsfield, Mass.; graduated at Harvard in 1802, and after a few years spent in pastoral work became assistant librarian at Harvard. There he prepared his American Biographical and Historical Dictionary (1809). the first work of general biography published in the United States. The third edition (1857) has notices of nearly 7000 Americans, while the first has only 700. In 1810,
