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CAMPIDOGLIO. 100 CAMPOAMOR Y CAMPOOSORIO. CAMPIDOGLIO, kam'pe-dr>'lyi5 (It., Cnpito- line Hill, l-al- ('iJlt'jli">") ■ 1"*' I'i'izza di Caiu- pidiifjlio, with the fanuiu.s group of palaces erect- ed from Jlichelaiigelo's desijriis, occu])ies _a de- pression on the Capitoline Hill in Iconic be'tween the two peaks of the Citadel and the Temple of Jupiter. The edifices consist of the Palace of the rienator, opposite the grand llight of steps lead- ing up from the Piazza Aracoli. and the Palace of the Conservators and the Ca|)itoline Jluseum on either side. In the centre of the Piazza di Campidoglio stands a splendid antique eques- trian statue in bronze of the Emi)eror Marcus Aurelius. CAMPINAS, or SAO CARLOS DE CAM- PINAS, souN kiir'los (la kam-pe'nas (Portug., plains). A town of Brazil on the Piracicaba, 70 miles northwest of S.ao Paulo (Map: Brazil, H V) . There are large eofl'ee and sugar plantations in the surrounding district. Population, 12,000. CAM'PION. See Lychnis ; Silese. CAM'PION, Edmund (1540-81). An Eng- lish Jesuit. He was born in London, was edu- cated at Oxford, and in 1.507 was ordained deacon, but as he could not consent to the Prot- estant fornnilary as re(piired by the English Church, he -nent to Ireland, where it was ex- pected that the University of Dublin would be revived. That plan failing, he went (1571) to Douai, and there joined the Society of Jesus (1572). In 15S0 he returned to England as a missionary. The next year he published Decern Ralionea.' F<u' this he was arrested, conunitted to the Tower, tortured several times on the rack, subjected to ])rolonged disputations, for which he had no time to prepare himself and could use no books, was tried for treason and convicted by hired witnesses, and was hanged at Tyburn, London, with several laymen. Consult Simjison, Eiliiiiiiid Campion: A Bioyraphy (London, 1807). CAMPION, Tiio.MAS ( ? -1619). An Eng- lish i>oct and nuisieian, about whose life almost nothing, not even the date of his birth, is known. He appears to have tra-eled on the (continent, and to have received the degree of M.D. in a foreign university. In 1595 he published a vol- ume of Latin elegiacs and c|)igrams. under the title I'orinata. He ridiculed rhyme in the Art of EiifiltHh I'oesie (1002) ; coiiii>osed numy masques for the Court of King James I., and be- came an authority on music, publishing four books of airs, songs with accompaniments (1610- 12). For his masques, consult Nichols, the Progresses, etc., of Queen Elizabeth and of King Janies I. (London, 1788-1828). CAMPISTRON, kii.v'pes'troN'. .Jean Gai.bebT DK ( l(i.')i>-172:i). A French dramatic poet. He was born in Toulouse, and at .an early age went to Paris, where he became a follower of Racine. His works have neither well-marked character nor striking situations, but many of his tragedies were produced with success for several years. Among his best-known works are Virginie i]r>s:i) ; the libretto for Lully's opera, Acis et GdliiUe (1680) ; Atulronic (1685), which has the .same historical background as Schiller's /)o?^ enrlos: and Tirirlnfe (1691). The best edition of his works is that of 1750 (.'5 vols.), which con- tains memoirs of his life. (liuvres choisies (Paris. 1810) were published by Auger. In 1701 he was leccived into the French Academy. CAMP-MEETING. A series of religioua meetings held in the open air, usually in the woods, and participated in by families or groups of persons from a distance, who live in tents or in simply biiilt houses during the sessions and devote the greater part of the time to listening to preacliing, which is always direct and fervent and is usiially accomi)anicd by a 'revival.' The first held in the United States" was in 1799. at a settlement on Kcd River, in Kentucky, and was the outcome of the preaching of Kev. John M'Gee, a Methodist, his brother, a Presliyterian, and Rev. Mr. Hoge, also a Presbyterian, at a com- munion ser-ice. Their exhortations affected their aulience so strongly that crowds came from the surrounding country to hear confessions and ■testimonies,' and the meeting, transferred from the small meeting-house to the adjoining forest, was protracted for several days, and was followed by others in dilTerent places. The number of persons attending one camp-meeting in Ken- tucky was estimated at 20,000. At first Presby- terians and Baptists united with the Methodists in holding these meetings, but they soon came to be confined to the last-named denomination, which in all its branches has been most cntlui- siastic in suii])orting them and in introducing them into all jiarts of the country, though even within the denomination they have met witii opposition. In many States camp-meetings have lost some of the cliaracteristies of early days, the places of meeting being fixed, and the life less simple. Not unfrequently secular instruction is a feature, schools of langmiges, music, art, etc., and lectures on various topics, filling the time not occupied by religious services. Among the Tiiany (lopular camp - meeting grounds of the Methodist Episcopal Church are Round Lake, N. Y., Ocean (Jrove, X. J., Martha's Vineyard, ]lass.. Lakeside, Ohio, Bartley, Neb., and Pacific C.rove, IMonterey, Cal. I^orenzo Dow (q.v. ) introduced camp-meetings into England in 1807, but the Weslcyan Confer- ence refused (as it still does) to sanction them, and to this attitude was partly due the organiza- tion of the Primitive Methodist denomination in 1810. Consult: An Essay on Methodism (New York, 1849) ; .L Porter, Kevivals of Kelinion (1877); S. C. Swallow, Cimp-Malings (1S78). CAMPOAMOR Y CAMPOOSORIO, klim'pfi- i-mor' (' kiini'po-o-su'ri-o, Ramon m; (1S17-1901), A Spanish poet, politici;in, and philosupher. He was Ixu'u in Navia, September 24. 1817, and re- ceived a classical education in Santiago and at the .Tesuit College of Saint Thomas in ^Madrid, which he left without finishing his course. He then began the stuily of medicine at the College of San Carlos, but abandoned it to devote himself to journalism and literature. Throughout his life, however, he kept a strong interest in physiologi- cal and physical science, and especially in chem- istry. He entered political controversy with the Tlistoria criliea de Ids i'orlrs reformadorris in 18;j7; was several times elected to the Cortes, where he dist ingnished himself as an m-ator: was ai)])ointed (iovermu- of .Alicante and Valencia in 1854; and engaged in a hmg controversy with Castelar which is represented by his I'oUmienn eon In demorracla (1862), He took no part in polities from the Revolution of 1868 until the succession of .Alfonso NIL in 1874, after which he held several subordinate olliees. was made counselor of state, and later life Senator. He