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CATHOLIC Y. M. NAT. XTNION. 342 CATKIN. has now iibout 50,000 members, distributed in more than 300 societies. Among its presidents liave been such distinguished ecclesiastics as Archbishop Kain, of Saint Louis, and Mgr. J.oughlin, of PhiU^delphia. Tt has sho«-n its practical usefulness not only by consolidating and framing constitutions for diocesan unions and by the stimulating power of its annual con- ventions, but by the establishment of libraries and reading-rooms and the provision of good reading matter for soldiers and sailors. CATH'OS. One of the female pedants who are duped by the disguised valets of their dis- appointed suitors, in Molifere's Les precieuses ridiriitcs. She assumes the romantic name of Aminte. CAT'ILINE (Lucius Sergius Catilina) (c.108-02 B.C.). A Roman noble celebrated as the leader of a conspiracy against the Republic. During his youth he attached himself to the party of Sulla. His bodily constitution, which was "capable of enduring any amoimt of labor, fa- tigue, and hardship, allied to a mind which could stoop to every baseness and feared no crime, fit- led him to take the lead in the conspiracy which has made his name infamous to all ages. In the year n.c. 68 he was elected pretor; in B.C. 67, Governor of Africa: and in B.C. 66 he was a candidate for the consulship, but was disquali- fied on account of the accusations brought against him of maladministration in his prov- ince. Disappointed thus in his ambition, and burdened with many and heavy debts, he saw no hope for himself but in the chances of a political revolution, and therefore entered into a con- spiracy, including many other young Roman no- bles, in morals and circumstances greatly like himself. The plot, however, was revealed to Cicero, then consul, by Fulvia, mistress of one of the conspirators. Operations were to commence with the assassination of Cicero in the Campus Jilartius, hut the latter was kept aware of every step of the conspiracy, and contrived to frustrate the whole design. In the night of November 6, B.C. 63, Catiline assembled his confederates, and explained to them a new plan for assassinating CUcero; for bringing up the Tuscan Army (which he had seduced from its allegiance), under Man- lius, from the encampment at Fsesul^ (Fiesole) ; for setting fire to Rome, and putting to death the hostile senators and citizens. In the course of a few hours everything was made known to Cicero. Accordingly", when the chosen assassins came to the house of the consul, on pretense of a visit, they were immediately repulsed. On November's Catiline audaciously appeared in the Senate, when Cicero — who had received in- telligence that the insurrection had already broken out in Etruria — commenced the cele- brated invective beginning: Quousque tandem (ibutere, Cntilimi, paticntia iioalraf ("How long now, Catiline, will you abuse our patience?") The accused was abashed, not by the keenness of Cicero's attack, but by the minute knowledge he displayed of the conspiracy. His attempt at a reply was miserable, and was drowned in cries of execration. With curses on his lips, he abruptly left the Senate, and escaped from Rome during the night. Catiline and Manlius were now denounced as traitors, and an army under the consul, Antonius. was sent against them. The conspirators who remained in Rome, the chief of whom was Lentulus, were arrested, tried, condemned, and executed, December 5. The in- surrections in several parts of Italy were mean- v.hile suppressed; many who had resorted to Catiline's camp in Etruria deserted when they heard what had taken place in Rome, and his intention to proceed into Gaul was frustrated. In the beginning of January, 62, he returned by Pistoria (now Pistoja) into Etruria, where he encountered the forces under Antonius, and, after a desperate battle, in which he displayed almost superhuman courage and enthusiasm, was defeated and slain. The appearance of Catiline was in harmony with his character. He had a daring and reckless look: his face was haggard with a sense of crime; his eyes were wild and bloodshot, and his step unsteady, from nightly debaucherj'. The history of the conspiracy of Catiline is given by Sallust in a remarkably concise and interesting style, though the speeches contained in it are i)robably of the author's own composition, and by Cicero himself in the four Orations Against Catiline. Consult: the arti- cles "Cipsar," and "Cicero," in Plutarch. Lives; and ^lomnisen, Komischc Gcschirhle (6th ed., Berlin, 1874-75), translated by Dickson. CATILINE, HIS CONSPIRACY. A trag- edy by Ben -Jonson, played in 1611 and pub- lished in quarto the same year. A folio edition appeared in 1616 and a .second quarto in li;.'!"). It held the stage only to the close of the century and is a ponderous adaptation of the treasonous practices of Catiline (q.v.). CATILINE'S CONSPIKACIES. (1) A pla.y by Stephen Gos-nn (q.v.). written and prob- ably played in London about 1579. Later, in his Sci'wol of Abuse, the author described the pur- pose of his drama as "to show the reward of traitors in Catiline, and the necessary govern- ment of learned men in Cieero." The piece has not come down to us, however; nor is there any record of its having ever been printed. (2) A ])lay by Robert Wilson and Henry Cliettle. It is iiot "extant, but a reference to it in Lodge's Defense of Poetry, published in loSO, would put its appearance before that date. There is a rec- ord of another Catiline by these authors which was in process of composition in 1.508 and which was probably a revision of the older version. CATINAT, ka'tf'na'. Kicolas de (1637- 1712). A French soldier, born in Paris. He distinguished himself at the sieges of Lille (1667) and of Maestrieht (1673), and was pro- moted to be a lieutenant-general. In 1686, con- trary to his wishes, he was sent by Louis XIV. against the Waldenses of southern France. The ifuke of Savoy, whose secret alliances with Spain and Austria had transpired, he defeated a,t Staf- farda in 16n0. He was promoted to be a marshal of France, and concluded the j)eace of Turin, but in 1701, as commander in U;ily during the War of the Spanish Succession, was worsted by Prince Eugene at Carpi. For this he was deprived of his conunand. Consult Crf-qui. Mhnoirrs ii«ur_srr- fir i) hi ric dc Xicolas de Calinat (Paris, 1775). CATIN'GA (South American word). The forests of the vcrv dry lands of the interior of Brazil are called 'catinga forests.' They eontam an unusiial colleeti(Ui of trees with barrel-shaped trunks, as the cotton-tree and many thorny trees See I'oREST.s. CATKIN. See Ament. 1