Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 04.djvu/454

CEBALLOS. 388 CECIDOMYIID-a;. 1870. in which capacitv ho ciiiiimamlcd the First Division of the Federal troops of Mexico in the caiiipaij»n a<;rainst the l)an(lit Losada. who had placed himself at the head of a force of lO.OOO Indians. Upon the installation of lv<'rdo de Tejda as President of Mexico, Cehallos had Caniarena. the Governor of .Jalisco, deposed after a long and sanguinary engagement between the Federal and Slate troojjs. Ceballos remained as Governor of Jalisco until ISTG, when l.erdo's Governiiient was su])crseded liv that of Diaz. He later went to California and then to Guatemala, where he was appointed director ol the Militarv School. Aftor plotting a revolution against Diaz, he suddenly espoused the cause of (lie latter, Avent to Mexico, and was appointed (Jovernor of the Federal District, the highest oftice after the Presidency. He frequently antagonized the ])ress, and in 1S,>i.t a number of journalists and students were imprisoned by him. CEBALLOS, .Ti-.x Bauti.st. (1811-C.1854) . A Mexican jurist, born at Durango. He was made president of the Supreme Court in 18.')2, I'pon the resignation of ,rista, in 1853. he be- came President of Mexico ad interim, with extra- ordinary powers for three months. A month later lie resigned. CE'BES (Gk. K^/3es1. A Greek philosopher, born at Thebes in Bo'otia. He was a disciple of Socrates, at whose death he was present, and aKso a pupil of Philolaus. He is represented by Plato as a serious-minded thinker who was eager for philosophical knowledge. He is re- ported to have written three dialogues in the Socratic style, the ['hrynichus. te Hcbdome, and the I'iiiax. or Tuhiila, the last of which is the only one extant. It is almost certain, how- ever, that all three of these dialogues are spurious, and the Pimix was probably written in the First Ce-ntury is.c. or the First Century a.d. by a disciple of the Stoic or Cynic school of philosophy. The Pinax professes to be the ex- planation of an allegorical picture representing human life and the condition of the human soul before its union with the body. It inculcates the Socratic doctrine that only education of the mind and consciousness of virtue can lead to happiness. Edited by Priichter (Marburg, 1885). CEBTDJE (Xeo-Lat. nom. pi., from Cehu.i. from Gk, kjj^os, kCbos, long-tailed monkey), A family of Primates embracing all the American monkeys (formerly designated as platyrhine) except the marmosets. The features in which they differ from the monkeys of the Old World are stiitol under Monkey. The family in( ludes several genera described under Dornoi coi.l ; Howler; S.ki-Mo.nkev; S.i>A.jot': Spider-Mon- key : Sqiirrisl - Monkey ,• Titt - Monkey ; and Uakari. CEB'U, s.^-boo', 8p. prnii. thaboo', or ZEBTT. One of the Philippine Islands, situated between the islands of Bohol and l.eyte on the east and Xcgros on the west, and Iving between latitvidcs 9° 25' and 11° 20' N., aiid longitudes 12,3° 10' and 124° .5' E, (Map: Philippine Islands, HO). It is of an oblong form, and has a length of about 1.30 miles, but does not exceed 20 miles in breadth. Area, 1742 square miles. Its siirface is very mountainous, but only moderate altitudes arc reached. The soil is fertile and produces tobacco, cotton, rice, and hemp. Tlie reported minerals are coal, oil, gold, lead, silver, and iron. The population of Cebii, together with that of the neighboring islands of Camoles, Mactan. and Bantayan, which are included in the Province of Cebi'i, is over .lOO.OOO, consisting of Vizayas, Mundos, and some Negritos. Capital, Cebfl, CEBU, The capital of the island Province of Celni, Philippines, and formerly the seat of government of the entire Visayan group (Map: Philippines, F 7 ) . It is situated on the eastern coast of the island and is fortified by a triangu- lar fort. The town is well built, and contains an episcopal palace, a cathedral, a post-office, and a telegraph station. It is the chief mercan- tile centre of the Visayan Islands. Cebfl is re- garded as the oldest city in the Philippines, and was the cajiital of the archipelago from 1505 to 1571. Population, in 18i»S, 35.243, CECCHI, chek'ke, Antonio (1849-96). An Italian ixplorer. He was born in Pesaro, and was educated in Pesaro, Triest, and Venice, In 1877 he joined the Italian geographical expedi- tion to Abyssinia, and in 1885 lie accompanied the first Italian militaiy expedition to ilasso- wah, and later concluded a n:ival and eommercial treaty with the Sultan of Zanzibar. He was murdered by the Somalis. He wrote Da Zeilii uUe froiiiiere del Caffa (1887) and L'Abissinia settentrionulc (1887). CECCO D'ASCOLI, chek'kA diis'kfi-le (c.I257- 1327). The pojiular name of Francesco degli Stabili. a learned Italian astrologer and poet. He studied mathematics and astrology, and was professor in the University of Bologna. Having published a commentary on Sacroboseo's Hphwra Mundi, in which he propounded bold theories concerning the em])loymcnt and agency of de- mons, the Clerical Party caused him to be con- demned to certain fasts, prayers, and fines: but he eluded punishment by going to Florence. His free-thinking and plain-speaking, 'however, pro- cured him many enemies: he had attacked Dan- te's Commcdiu and his fate was sealed: an old accusation of impiety was renewed, and he was tried, sentenced, and burned at the stake in Flor- ence, in the seventieth vear of his age. Consult W. S. C. Baddely, Charlea III. . . . also Cereo d'Ascoli, Poet, Astrologer, Physician (Lon- 1894), CECH, cheK, Svatopluk (184()— ), A Czech poet. He was bom at Ostredek. and was edu- oated at Prague. As a poet. Cecil is the foiemost representative of the distinctively national Czech poetry. He excels more particularly in the epic genre, while his numerous tales, sketches, per.sonal reminiscences, satires, and novels con- stitute the finest prose productions in the na- tional literature of Bohemia. In 1895 he was elected to the Austrian Keichsrat. The follow- ing are a few of his principal poetic works: Poems (1874), containing, among others, the epics entitled "The Angels" and "The Dreams," .A PIP Collection, 4th ed. (1896) ; The Circassian. CECIDITTM. See Gai.i. and ^Iai.formatiox. CECIDOMYIID.a;, si^s'IdA-ml'yl-de ( Xeo- Lat. nom. pi., from Gk. ktikU. hfkis, gall-nut, from ktikUiv, krkieiii, to gush forth -f ftvTa, iiii/ia, fly). A family of minute flies, with hairy bodies, sparsely veined wings, and many-jointed antenn:r. furnished with whorls of hair. >Iost of the larv;e make galls. See Gall-Insects. f! I