Maurel, Kssai sur Chateaubriand (Paris, 1899); liertrin. La siiiccritc rcliyiciise dv I'hutcaiibriiiiid (1901), and Bruiieti&re, Evolution de la jMtsic li/riiiue. Vol. 1. ( I'uris. 1S94) : and Evolution des genres, Vol. 1. (Paris. 1898) ; Metnoires d'oulre-tombe, trans, by Teixeira de Jlaltos (U vols.. Xew Viirk and London, 1902).
CHATEAUDUN, slia'Wdex' (Fr. chateau,
castle + Gall, dun, 01 r. diin, strougliold ) . The
capital of an arrondisseuicnt in the Depart-
ment of Kureet-Loir. France, situated on the
Loir, about iS miles from Orleans (Map: France,
H 3). The town contiiins an old castle, with an
enormous tower, a number of liouses dating from
tht Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and .Sixteenth cen-
turies, a college, and a library. Population, in
1901. of town, 5562: of conniuuie. TUrt. During
the Middle Ages Chateaudun was the residence of
the Counts of Dunois: it was burned by the Ger-
mans in 1870. Consult Cn coin de I'ancien
Dunois (Chateaudun, 1869).
CHATEAUGAY, sh:it'6-ga'. Battle of. An
engagtiiiciil un October 25. 1813, at the junction
of the Chateaugay ami Oiitarde rivers in Xew
^ ork State, between 1000 English, strongly in-
trenched, and about 4000 Americans, the latter
being defeated, owing to the incapacity of their
leader. General Hampton, who brought less than
half of his troops into action. The loss of the
Americans was 38. that of the British, 25.
CHATEAUNEUF DE RANDON, sha'to'nef
de riiN'dON' ( l*'r.. Castle of Kandon, the hill on
which it is situated). A village of France, in
the Department of Loz&re, 12 miles northeast of
ilende. celebrated in connection with an incident
of the Hundred Years' War. In 1380 the fort-
ress, then held by the English, was besieged by
the troops of Charles V., under the command of
the gallant Du Guesclin. The English governor,
hard pressed, promised to yield in fifteen days,
if no succor arrived. In the meantime, Du Gues-
clin died, and his successor at the end of the
fifteen days summoned the governor to surrender.
He refused to give the keys to any one except
Du (Jueselin ; and when told that he was dead,
marched out, and on bended knee laid the keys
and his sword on Du Ouesclin's bier. A monu-
ment commemorating the death of Du Guesclin
was erected in 1820.
CHATEAURENAULT, sha't6're-n6',, CHATEAURENAUT, -rf-n6'. or CHATEATJREGNATJD. -rtiiyo'. FKvxroKs Loiis Roisseixt, Maripijs de ( HjijT-lTlfi). A French vice-admiral. In 1673, while in command of five ships, he
dispersed a fleet of eight vessels under Admiral
de Kuyter in the Xorth Sea. and in 1077 with
six vessels he defeated a Dutch fleet of twenty-
five vessels under Admiral Evertzen off the coast
of Spain. He was also commander-in-chief of
the fleet sent to Ireland by Louis XIV. to sup-
port the cause of James II. He became a
marshal of France in 1703.
CHATEAUROUX, shi'ti'roo' (named in
honor of Prince Raoul of Dcols, who founded
it in the Tenth Century). A town of France,
capital of the Department of Indre. situated on
the left bank of the river Indre, 166 miles south
of Paris by railway (Map: France, H ol. The
town, which was formerly dirty and ill built, has
been greatly improved within the last few de-
cades. Itj^ gloomy castle on a hill above the
river was the prison of Cardinal Richelieu's
niece, the Princesse de CondO, during 23 years.
The town has extensive factories of woolen and cut-
ton uoods, hosiery, yarn, hats, paper, parchment,
hardware, tobacco, "and leather. Population, in
1901, of town, 21,058; of commune, 24,957,
CHATEAUROUX, Marie Anne, Duchesse de
( 17 17-44 I . A (hiiighler of Marquis du Nesle and
favorite of Louis XV. She was born in Paris,
and after the death of her husband. Marquis de
la Tournelle, succeeded her three sisters as the
favorite of Louis XV, of France, who made her
the Duchess of Chateauroux (1743). During
the war of 1744 she accompanied the King as far
as Metz, where he was taken ill, and was pre-
vailed upon by the Bishop of Soissons to dismiss
her. Upon his return to Paris, however, she con-
sented to a reconciliation on condition that her
principal enemies at Ccmrt should be biuiished.
She died soon afterwards, probably through
violence. Consult Gay. Madame la duchesse de
Chateauroux (Paris, "l839).
CHATEAU-THIERRY, sha'tytyarre'
(named in honor of Theudcrich or Thierry IV..
for whom it was foimded by Charles Martel in
the Eighth Century). The capital of an arron-
dissenient in the Department of .isne, France,
situated on the river Marne, 59 miles from
Paris by rail. Its chief buildings are a com-
mercial college, a public library, an old cathedral,
- ind ruins of a castle erected in the Eighth Cen-
luiy (Map: France, K 3). It has manufactures of musical instruments and woolen yarn. Popu- lation, in 1901. of town. 6501; of commune. 7083. The position of Chfiteau-Thierry has sub- jected it to many disasters. It was captured by the English in 1421, by Charles V. in 1545. by the Spanish in 1591; was pillaged in the Fronde wars in 1652. and suffered severely in the Xapo- leonic campaign of 1814. Chateau-Thierry was the birthplace" of La Fontaine. Consult Poquet, Histoire de Chateau-Thierry (Chateau-Thierry, 2 vols. 1839-40).
CHATEAUX EN ESPAGNE, aN nS'spa'ny'
(Fr.. castles in Spainl. Romance castles; castles
in the air: clay-dreams.
CHATELAIN, sha'tlax'. See Castellan.
CHATELAIN DE COUCY ET DE LA DAME DE FAYEL, sha'tlax' de koo'se' a ie 1:1 dam df fayel'. HisTOiRE Dl' ( Fr.. history
of the Chatelain of Coucy and the Lady of
Fayel ) . A French romance founded on the
quasi-historical loves of Renaud. Chatelain de
Coucy. and belonging to the Thirteenth Century.
edition by 'SI. Crapelet appeared in Paris in
1829. See CofCY, Renaid, C. de.
CHATELET, sha'tli'. A town of Belgium
in the Pruvincp of Hainaut. situated a few miles
east of Charleroi on the Sambre (Map: Belgium.
C 4). It contains a number of smelting-works
and iron-foundries. In its vicinity is the town
of Chatelineau with a population of nearlv 13,-
000. Population of Chatelet (1900), 11,867.
CHATELET (Fr., a little castle). A fortification placed at the entrance to towns or at the mouth of rivers. The most noted chatelets were the large and small chatelets of Paris. That either one was built by .Julius Caesar is
purely mythical; but it would seem that Charles the Bald spoke of them in his capitulary of 887, as a defense against the Normans. The great
