CHEETA. 55G CHEKE. thence sparingly eastward to India. It is in southern India that it is best known, because there it is kept tame and trained by many wealtliy natives for the chase of black-buck, etc. The methods of training are described by .1. L. Kipling {Beast and Man in India, London, 1891), and result often in producing a harmless household pet. When taken hunting it is driven in a cart, leashed aiul hooded, so that the sport resembles falconry, -^s soon as the game is sighted the attendant removes the hood, the checta, quivering with excitement, understand- ing perfectly the meaning of the movement; and then the freed animal, after a glance to find its prey, rushes forward, overtakes and drags it down: it will, however, use catlike stealth should circumstances stiggest. The game is never brought hack, but held by the cheeta, which must be found quickly and cajjiiired — an o|)crat.ion requiring skill, for its native ferocity has been aroused. Having been rewarded with a draught of blood, it is rehooded and <"ontined. The sport ( to which the caracal has occasionally been trained for the chase of birds) is of very ancient date, as appears from its depiction on early Assyrian and Egyptian monuments. It was introduced into Kurope by returning Crusaders in the Fourteenth Century, and flourished for two centuries in Italy and France. For particulars consult ar- ticle by .J. E. Harting in The Field (London, De- cember 2C, 18S,5). For general description, see Royal Natural nistory, Vol. I. (London, 1894) ; for wild habits in Africa! Drummond, Large Game ... of Southern Africa (London, 1875) ; for habits and sport in India, Blanford, Fauna of British India [mammals! (London, ISSS!)!) : Baker, Wild Beasts and Their Ways fXew York, 1890) ; and Sanderson, Wild Beasts of India (London, 1893). Facts and illustra- tions relating to its use in sport in the Middle Ages may be found in La Croix, Mceiirs el usayes des moyen ages (Gth cd., Paris, 1878). CHEETAL, che'tiil, or CHITAL (Hind. citnl. from Skt. cilra, spotted). The axis deer. CHEET'HAM, Henuy (1827-99). An Eng- lish clergAinan and religious author. He was born at Nottingham, studied at Christ's College, Cambridge, and in 1850 was settled as cirate of Saffron Walden, Essex. He held the vicarage of Quarndon, Derbyshire, from 1858 to 1870. and was consecrated Bishop of Sierra Leone in the latter year. In 1882 he resigned to become Vicar of Rotherham, Yorkshire. He published: One Hundred Texts of Irish, Church Missiotis; Sermons: and other works. CHEETHAM, S.xmitel (1827—). An Eng- lish divine and theologian of the Established Church, .Archdeacon and Canim of Rochester. He wa.s born at Hambleton, edvicated at Christ's College, Cambridge, and was fellow there in 1850 and assistant tutor in 1853-58. From 1803 to 1882 he was professor of pastoral theology at King's College. :ind from 1879 to 1882 Arch- deacon of Southwark. He was an editor of the Oirtionary of Christian Antiquities (1875-80), and published: .1 nistory of the Christian Church During the First Six Centuries (1894); The Mysteries, I'agan and Christian (1897) : and Mediaeval Church' History (1899). CHEE'VER, EzEKiKi, (1015-1708). An American educator. He was born in London, hut came to New England in 1037, and a.ssistcd (1638) in foiuiding New Haven, where he be- came prominent as a deacon, a minister, and especially as a teacher. He also taught in Ipswich and in Charleston, and was at the head of the Boston Latin School for thirty-eight years. He prepared the Accidence, a Short In- troduction to the Latin Tongue, which was used as a text-book for more tluin a century, and wrote Scrijiturc Prophecies Explained. CHEEVER, Ceobge B.ureli, (1807-90). An -American Congregational clergyman. He was born in Hallowell, Elaine, and graduated at Rowdoin College in 1825, and at the Andover Theological Seminary in 1830. Two years later he was installed as pastor of a Congregational church in Salem, Mass. The L'nitarian contro- versy attracted his attention, and he was an earnest defender of the orthodox system. Tem- perance also became a leading idea, and in 1835 he ]uiblished in a Salem newspaper "Deacon (iilcs's Distillery," a l)itl<"r!y satirical allegory which had a wonderful popularity. The author was prosecuted and imprisoned a month for libel. He then traveled for some time in Europe, and, on his return in 1839, became pastor of the .Mien Street Presbyterian Church in New York. He resigned in 1844, and from 1840 until his retirement in 1807 was jjastor of the Church of tlie Puritans, New York. During the fierce debate that preceded the Civil War. he wa.s an active and unccmipromising anti-slavery advo- cate. At an early age he began to contribute to the North .imerican Iterieu-, and later wrote much for the Independent and the Bibliotheca Sacra. Among liis published works are: Studies in I'oetry (1830); Lectures on the Pilgrim's Progress (1843); M'anderings of a Pilgrim ( 1840) : Journal of the Pilgrims at Plymouth m IG.iO (1878) ; and God Against Slavery (1857). CHEFOO. See CuiEU. CHEGGS. A market gardener in Dickens's Old CuriosUy Shop. lie marries Sophie VVackles, to the di.scomfiture of Dick Swiveller. CHEHA'LIS. . river in the southwestern l)art of llic State of Wasliington. It rises in Lewis County. Hows through Chehalis County, and empties into Gray's Harbor after a course of
- ibout 125 miles. The stream is navigable some
distance for light steamboats. CHEIRANTHUS, ki-r.-in'thus. See Wall- i-i.owKn. CHEIROLEPIS, kt-rol'^-pls. See Chirolepis. CHEIROMANCY. See Chiromancy. CHEIROTHERITJM, ki'ro-the'ri-uni (Nco- Lat., from (ik. x^'p, elieir, hand. + Hiipiov, thi- rion, dim. of iSJ;/), I her, beast) . The name given by Dr. Kaup to tlie aninuil which produced the pe- culiar hand-like impressions on the Triassic rocks of tliis country and Germany. The re- mains of the animal having been found and its structure made out, this name has given place to the more chanictcrislic one of Labyrinlhodon. Sec STE(:OfEIMl.LlA. CHEKE, Sir John (1514-57). An English sdiohir, one of the revivers of classical learn- ing in England during (lie Sixteenth Century. He was born at Cambridge. .Tune 14, 1514,
- ind became a fellow of Saint .lohn's College
in 1529. While at the university he devoted himself assiduously to the study of Latin and Greek, particularly the latter language, then
