Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 04.djvu/766

CHIPPENDALE. 668 CHIQUITO. ly inlluenced the construction of furniture in England in his dny. (>nsult hitclificld. lllus- tratfd Histori/ of Furniture ( Uoiidon, 1S!I2). CHIPPENDALE FTTKNITTTRE. A par- ticular style of lijrht and clftrant drawing-room furniture, inlaid with colored woods, and first made by Thomas Chippendale. Almost all mahog- any furniture of the Kighteenth Century is popularly known as Chip|)endale. Cliii)peiidale's designs are delicate and elaborate, though per- haps somewhat overwrought. In 17.")2 he pub- lished a book of designs for furniture drawn by himself. Of this work a second edition appeared in 1759, and a third in 17li2. .John Weale (Lon- don, 1840) issued an elaborate volume entitled Chippendiile's Designs for tironccs. Chimneys, and Looking-ijlass Frames in the Old French Style. See Fi'RMTi RE. CHIP'PENHAM. A market town in Wilt- shire. England, on the Avon, 22 miles cast of Bristol (Map: England, D 5). Chippenham is famed for its markets of cheese and corn, its cheese market being one of the largest in Brit- ain. There is also a large condensed-milk fac- tory. Population, in 1001, .^OOO. Near the town is Lacock Abbey. It was the scene of tlie sign- ing of the famous Treaty of Chippenham, or Wedmore. in 87S. l«>tween King Alfred the Great and the Danish leader Guthrum. CHIPPEWA, chip'pi'-wa. See Ojibwa. CHIPPEWA FALLS. A city and county- seat of Clu]i]icwa County, Wis., about 100 miles east of Saint Paul. Jlinn., on the Chippewa River, and on the Chicago, Milwaukee and Saint Paul, the Chicago, Saint Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha, and the Wisconsin Central railroads (Map: Wisconsin, B 4). It possesses a public library and a fine county court-house. The State Home for the Feeble-minded and the Coiuity In- sane Asylum are located here. Tone Rock battle- ground, near by, is of interest as the scene of a Sioux-Ojibwc. conlliet. The city has fine wa- ter-power, and iuijiortant manufactures of lum- ber, wooden - ware, flour, shoes, gloves, beer, woolen goods, foundry products, etc. Settled in IS.'JS, Chippewa Falls was chartered as a city in 1870. The government is administered, under a revised charter of 1SS">, by a mayor, elected bienniallv, and a municipal council. Popula- tion, in 1800. 8070; in 1000, 8004. CHIPPEWA RIVER. A river of Wisconsin, rising in the northern part of the State, about 30 miles southeast of Ashland, on Lake Superior (Map: Wisconsin, B 3), It flows southwest, meeting its west branch in Sawyer County, and, receiving the Flandieau from the cast and the Red Cedar from the west, empties into the Mis- .sissippi Kiver at the lower end of Lake I'epin. It falls a distance of about .500 feet in the 200 miles of its course, and flows through the great lumber region of the State, At Chippewa Falls then; is available a large amount of water- power. CHIP'PEWY'AN. A nomadic hunting tribe of .thal)asian stock, roaming over the country along Great Slave River from Lake Athabasca to Great Slave Lake. They are said to have lived formerly much farther to the soiitheast, until driven out by the Cree, after the latter had procired guns from the traders. The name, which must not be confounded with Cliippcwa or Ojibwa (q.v.), is of Cree origin, and signifies 'pointed coat,' referring to a characteristic fur garment worn by the men. They arc also fre- quently known as Athabasca, from the lake near which they reside. They number about 1000, all now ('liri>tiuiiizcd by Ca'Iiolic missionaries. CHIP'PING WYCOMBE, wik'nm. See Wy- lOMHE. CHIPPY, or CiiipriNG-BiRD (so calleil from its note). One of the smallest and most numer- ous of the migratory American sparrows (Spizel- la .socialis), distinguished by its small size, unspotted, ashy-blue breast, and chestnut cap. It is a general favorite, because of its gentle manners and familiaritj. It builds its nest, in shrubs, of grass and tine roots, and always lines it with hor.se-hairs, whence it is sometimes called 'hair-bird.' The eggs are four or live in mun- ber, blue, speckled at the larger end with black- ish brown. Two or three broods arc reared in a season. (For illustration, see Sp.kr()w.) Like other sparrows, the chippy feeds chiefly on seeds, but it often eats insects too. It is by no means a songster, but the usual chippy-chippy-chiiifiy forms a trill that is musical and sweet. Consult Weed, "Feeding Habits of the Chipping S|)ar- row," .Ycir Hainiishirc ('ollcpe Afirieiiltural Ex- periment Htation liulletin '>.j (Durham, 1808), from which it appears that the bird docs good service for the gardener as a destroyer of in- sects, and should be protected and encour;iged. See Si'.RROw. CHIQUICHIQUI (che'ke-che'kf) PALM (So. Amer. Indian). A palm (Leopoldiniu piassaba) called piassaba in northern Brazil. It is one of the species yielding ]>iassaba fibre, which is employed in the manufacture of brushes. The piassaba fibre exported from i'ara is partly obtained from it. It grow's in sw^ampy or oc- casionally flooded lands, (m the banks of the Rio Negro and other rivers of Venezuela aiul the north of Brazil, and has a crown of very large, regularly pinnate leaves, with snu)oth, slender stalks. The leaves, like those of many other ])alms. are niucli used for thatching. CHIQXIINQUIRA, ch.^-ken'kc-rii'. A city in the Department of Boyae:'i, Cidombia, situated 44 miles west of Tunja, and 8(i00 feet above sea- level (Map: Colombia, C 2). The town is famed for its chapel having a miraculous jiicturc of the Virgin. The chapel is visited annually by some 30.000 pilgrims, which number swells to ,50,000 everj' seventh year, the time of public cele- bration. The permanent population is about 13,000.- CHIQUITO, chf-ke't.') (Sp., very small). A group of tribes constituting a distinct stock, lietwecn the headwaters of the JIamorf* and the Paraguay, eastern Bolivia. They are of small stature, whence the name, and were originally agricultural, but warlike, living in palisaded villages with houses regularly ranged in streets. They resisted the Spaniards for nearly two cen- turies, but in inOl accepted the .Tesuit mission- aries, who cst;iblished flourishing mission com- munities among them, selecting the Chiquito language proper as the general medium of com- munication among the converts, who numbered over .50.000, representing nearly fifty tribes. On the expulsion of the .Tesuits in 1707. the com- munities rapidly decayed, and within a genera- tion nearly two-thirds of the Cbiquito race had disappeared. A considerable body still survives, I