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NAVARRE. 298 NAVE. d'Albret niarripil iu 1548 Antoine de Bourbon. Their son, Uunry, ascended the throne of Na- varre in lo72, and in 1.589 became King of France as licnry IV. Navarre was united to France by decree in 1007, but down through Charles X. all French kings bore also the title of King of Na- varre. Consult Uordenave, Ilistoirc dc Beam et yaviirn (Paris, 1873). NAVARBETE, na'va-ra'ta, Domingo Fer- NANUKZ (ItilOSlI). A Spanish missionary. He was born at i'euafiel. Old Castile; entered the Dominican Order, and in 1047 went to the I'hilip- pine Islands, where he became professor of theol- ogy at ilanila. Later he made a missionary journey into the interior of China and resided there for a number of years, becoming in time the head of his Order in China. During a perse- cution he was imprisoned at Canton, but escaped and reached home in 167.3. In 1R77 he became Archbishop of Santo Domingo, lie published the fir.st volume of his work, Tratados hixtoricos, politicos, /licos y religiosos dc la monarquia de China (IG7G); but the second volume was sup- pressed by the Inquisition. A projected third volume was never published. Consult Navarrete's China, in Churchill's Colled ion of Voyages and Travels, vol. i. (London, 1744). NAVARRETE. Fr.xcisco JL-vniel de ( 1768- l.Sdil). A ^leiran poet, born at Zamora. He entered the Franciscan Order and ultimately be- came professor of Latin at the L'liiversity of Valladolid. He attained some reputation, espe- cially for his bucolic poetry. A collection of some of his works was printed as Entreteni- micntus pocticos del P. Xavarrete (1823). NAVARRETE. .Juan Fernandez, properly Fkhnandez-X.^vakette (c. 1.520-79) . surnamed Kl .Iuiio (the Mute). A Spanish biblical paint- er. l)orn at Longrono. He studied in dill'erent parts of Italy, especially at Venice under Titian, and returned to Spain after twenty years, with his reputation well established. In 1568 he was made painter to the King, and em])loyed on the decorations for the Fscorial. Among those still surviving are a "Saint .Terome," "Christ at the Pillar," "The Nativity," "The Martyrdom of Saint .James," and a "Holy Family." In 1570 he painted his most famous picture, "Abraham and the Three Angels," for the Escorial, and in 1577 78 he further painted eight pictures repre- senting the "Apostles," the "Evangelists," "Saint Paul," and "Saint Barnabas." Among his other works are "Saint .lohn in Prison." Hermitage, Saint Petersburg, and "The Holy Family." Wei- mar Museum. Navarrete's manner shows the in- fluence (if his master. Titian, and he plays an important part in the technical develnpinent of the Spanish school. He died at Toledo. March 28, 1570. NAVARRETE, Marti.n Fkk.va.nkez de ( 1765- 1844). A Spanish navigator and author, born at .valos. I.ogrofio. Spain. He entered the Span- ish navy in 1781. served in the West Indies and in the Sleiliterranean. and took part in the com- bined French and Spanish attack on Oibraltar in 1782. He became a lieutenant in 17Sfl, and. having already attracted attention by his writ- ings on naval questions, was commissioned to col- lect documents relating to the history of the Spanish navy. From 1706 to ISOl! he was de- tailed on .special .service in the Department of Marine, resigning in the latter year rather than recognize Joseph Bonaparte. He again took of- lice after the restoration, became a recognized authority on naval all'air.s, and in 1823 was appointed director of the hydrographic office. Subsequently he was chosen Senator and made a Councilor of State. His greatest work was his Colecc'idn de los viajes y dexcuhrimientos que hicieron por mar los espariolcs licsde fines del siglo XV. (7 vols., 1825-05). He also wrote a Life of Ccrrantcs. published with a new edition of Don (Quixote (1820); and left material for two posthumous works. Diserlacinn sohrr la his- toria de la ndutica (1840) and llibliolcca mart- tima rspafiola (1851). NAVAR'RO, Madam. See Anderson, Mary Antoinktie. NAVARRO, na-va'ro. Pedro (1440-1528). A Spanish general, who greatly developed the use of mines in war. His early life is obscure. In 1500 he was employed by (ionsalvo de Cordova in the campaign against Najiles. He was very successful in his use of mines against the famous Castello Nuovo in 1.503. and was made Count of Alvetto by Ferdinand of Aragon. Navarro joined the French army after the battle of Ravenna (1512), and fonfrihuted largely to the success of the campaign of Jlarignano (1515). In Lautrec's disastrous campaign against Naples, Navarro was captured, taken to that city and im- prisoned there. His death followed immediately. NAVAS DE TOLOSA, nii'vas da tolo'sa, Las. a village of Andalusia. Spain, 37 miles north of .Jaen, noteworthy as the scene of a bat- tle (.July 16, 1212) between Alfonso Vlll. of Castile, "aided by a large army of Crusaders, chiclly French and Knglisli. and an army of Moors under Mohammed ibn .Midallali. The Christians were victorious and pernuincntly broke the Mohammedan power in Spain. Here also, in 1812. a battle took place between the Spanish and French. NA'VE (ML. naris. nave of a church, ship. Lat. naris. ship). . term used most conunonly in connection with church architecture, and with two meanings. In the first place it denotes the higher middle division where there are three or five divisions; as in a churcli of the type estab- lished in the lifth century in the Christian basili- cas of Italy. The side divisions are called aisles, and nearly all large Christian churches have hail •three aisles;' the word aisle in this case covering nave as well. A few large buildings are five- aisled, and the Cathedral of Antwerp is a sevcn- aisle<l chiirch. but the nave is nearly always the middle and much the broadest and highest jiart. There are some churches, especially of the later (Jothic period, which have aisles and nave of the same hidght ; such are the cathedrals of Carcas- sonne and Krfurt. and of Vienna in .ustria; but the central division remains the widest and is still the nave. In the ordinary form of church, where the nave is nnich higher than the aisle, the uppermost part of it is called the clearstory, and the large windows in the clearstory walls trans- mit much the largest amount "f daylight to the interior. The same use of the term for the midilli' and widest and highest division exists in the descrip-. tion of a Roman basilica, or bath establishment (thernne; see Bath I . or any buiUling which is lighted in part by windows in the wall of a higher division rising above the roofs of the