NETTLE. 407 NEUBRANDENBURG. cunnahimi, a native of Uie south of Siljtria and other middle parts of Asia, is much used ; and from other speeies both line lace and strong ropes can be manufactured. The fibre of Lrlica japo- nica, or I'ouzohki viiiiiiwa, is much used in Ja- pan, and also that of Urtica argcnlea (or Plptii- rus urgnttvus) in the fSouth Sea Islands, and of Urtica yrucilis in Canada. Urtica tube- roan, or I'ouzolzia tiiherosa, produces nutri- tious tubers, which are eaten in India raw, boiled, or roasted. Australia produces a nuignificent tree-nettle, Laportca (litius, abun- dant in some parts of Xew South Wales, which sometimes reaches a height of 140 feet with a trunk of great thickness, and very large green leaves, which, wlien young, sting violently. In some places it forms scrub forests, and its sting- ing leaves form a great impediment to the traveler. The common nettle tree of the United States is a species of C'eltis (see H.ckberky) ; the name dead nettle is given to certain species of Lamium, a genus of the order Labiatae. Brrh- nin'id nirea, often called false nettle, supplies China gru'is or ramie (q.v. ). NETTLE-BUTTERFLY. Any of several species of butterllies, whose eggs are laid upon the leaves of nettles, namely Pyranicis Atulanta, Pijrnmcis carihii, and Vanessa vrticcF, the last, as its scientific name shows, being an especial freciuenter of those plants. The two former are co--inopiililan. while the Vanessa is European. NETTLE FAMILY. A natural order of plants. See Urticace.e. NETTLE RASH. An affection of the skin of nervous origin, due to the poison of the nettle, and consisting of wheals of red color, extremely tender and also itching. The slightest contact with the hair or spine of the nettle will cause an efflorescence of the eruption, which first ap- l)ears as white elevations, but rapidly turns red. The true primary cause of the erujition is the special susceptibility of the vaso-niotor nervous system. Hence for a few people the saying is true: "Grasp the nettle and it will not sting yon." See I'rticaria. NET'TLESHIP, Hexrt (1839-93). An Eng- lish classical scliolar. born in Kettering, Xorth- aniptonshire, England, ilay .5. IS.'ill. He was educated at the Cathedral School, Durham. Charterliouse, and Oxford, where lie w-as elected Fellow of Lincoln, and gained the Chancellor's Latin Essay Prize. From 1S68 to 1873 he was assistant master at Harrow. In 1870 he mar- ried the eldest daughter of Rev. T. H. Steel, his colleague at Harrow. In 1873 he was appointed fellow and tutor of Corpus Christi College anil classical lecturer at Christ Church. Oxford, which appointments he resigned on being made Corpus professor of Latin literature in the University of Oxford. 1878. He published and edited many classical works, among them a commentary on JEncid X. and xii.; a revised edition of Coning- ton's Vergil (London. 1883) ; Lectures and Es- sags on f^ulijccts Connreted irith Latin Literature and i^elwlarsliip (Oxford, 188.5; second series, edited by Haverfield, Oxford, 1893) ; and Coh- trih)itio)ts to Latin Lexicographg (Oxford. 1889). NETTLESHIP, JonN Trivett (1841-1902). .
English animal painter and author, born at
Kettering. He was a pupil at Heatherlcy's and at the Slade School, imder Poynter. and studied animal life at the Zoological Gardens. His fa- vorite subjects were lions, l)cars, and tigers. His drawing is accurate, and his treatment broad and masculine. He began to exhibit in 1874. His pictures include: "The Destrover" (1S89); "A Death Grip" (1892); '■Kich Spoil" (1893); "A Big Drink" (1893) ; "The ISlood Trail" (1895) ; "The Honey Stealer" (189(i); "Into the Silent Sea" (1900); "Wandering" (1902). He also wrote liuhert lirownimj: Essags and Thoughts (1890), a valuable and illuminative work, and George ilorland, and the Evolution from Jliin of Some Later Painters (1898). NETTLETON, Alfred E.^takd (1838—). An American soldier and journalist, born at Berlin, Delaware County, Oliio. He .studied at Oberlin College, but at the outbreak of the Civil War enlisted as a private in the Federal army, and before the conclusion of peace rose to the rank of colonel of the Second Ohio Cavalry and brevet brigadier-general. He then studied law, but afterwards did news])aper work in Sandusky, Ohio, Chicago, Pliiladelphia. and iiinneapolis. From 1870 to 1875 he was actively interested in the construction of the Northern Pacific Railroad, and for the next five years in various mining and manufacturing enterprises. He was Assistant Secretary of the United States Treasurj' from 1890 to"lS93. and for a short time after Secre- tary Windom's death served as Secretary. NETTLE TREE, ^'arious American orna- mental trees and shrubs of the natural order Urticace.T. known by siuidry jiopular names, as hackberry (q.v.). NEUBAUER, noiliou-er. Adolf (1832—). An English Semitic scholar, born in Hungary, and educated at Prague. JIunich,-and Paris. He was sub-librarian of the Bodleian Library at Ox- ford in 1873-99, and reader of Rabbinical litei'a- ture to the university in 1886-1900. Neu- bauer published Medieeval Jewish Chronicles and Chronological yotes in the Semitic Series of the "Anecdota Oxoniensia;" Histoire de la lexi- coqraphie hchraique (1801-62); (Icographie du Talmud (1868); The Pook of Hebrew Roots (1875) : The Book of Tobit ( 1878) ; Catalogue of JJebreio Manuscripts in the Bodleian Lihra>-y (1886) ; and On the Dialects l^poken in Palestine al the Time of Christ (1888). NEUBER, noi'ber, FRiEnERiKE Karoline (1097-1760). A CJerman actress. She was born in Reichenbach. and her maiden name was Weissenborn. From the undue restraint of her father's house, she fled in 1718 with ber lover, Xeuber, to Weissenfels, where the.y joined some strolling comedians. Seven years afterwards, with another company which she had entirely reorganized, she appe:uvd at Leipzig. Meeting Gottsched, she became a convert to his gos])el of French classical methods. In 1737 she presented the play Verlreibung und Tod des Hanswurst. A short tour to Saint Peter.sburg ( 1740) seems to have been the turning point in ber career. She quarreled with Gottsched on her return, lost her company twice, and she failed in her attempt to rehabilitate ber fortunes as an actress. Consult the biography by Von Reden-Esbeek (Leipzig, 1881). NEUBRANDENBURG. noi-briin'drnbnrrrK. .V town in the Granil Duchy of Mecklenbnrg- Strelitz. Germany, near Lake Tollense, about 18 miles northeast of Xeiistrelitz (ilap: Germany, E 2). Its old walls, still standing, and its four
