Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/264

I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. 'thinking', -mla-¹ 'softening', -sá- 'winning', -sthá- 'standing'; also -grá-² 'swallow- ing', gva-3 'going', -há-4 'slaying'. These stems are inflected in the m. and n. only. This is the form assumed in the n. by all radical ā-stems (367). 254 Inflexion. 370. The inflexion of the radical a-stems is identical with that of the derivative a-stems (371). The forms which occur are the following: Sing. N. m. dyu-kṣá-s 'dwelling in heaven'. su-khá-s having a good (axle) hole'.. agre-gá-s 'going in front', ašum-gá-s (AV.) ‘swift-going', rju-gá-s (AV.) 'going straight on', patam-gá-s5 'going by flight, vala-gá-s (AV.) ‘hidden in a cave', sitim-gá-s (AV.x1.5¹²) 'white-goer', su-gá-s ‘easy to traverse'. dása- gva-s7 'going in tens', náva-gva-s7 'going in nines' 8.— a-já-s ‘unborn', adhri-ja-s 'irresistible', eka-já-s (AV.) ‘produced alone', jarāyu-já-s (AV.) ‘viviparous', ni-já-s (AV.) ‘familiar', prathama-já-s (AV.) 'first-born', samudra-já-s (AV.) ‘sea-born', stamba-já-s (AV.) ‘shaggy'(?). · - an-anu-dá-s 'not giving way', dānu- dá-s ‘dripping', dāyā-dá-s (AV.) ‘receiving (ā-da-) inheritance (dāya-), prāṇa-dá-s 'life-giving'. -nama-dhá-s (AV.) 'name-giver'. ākūti-prá-s (AV.) 'fulfilling wishes', kāma-prá-s (AV.) ‘fulfilling desire', carṣaṇi-prá-s (AV.) ‘satisfying men’, prthivi-prá-s (AV.) 'earth-filling' 0 - apnaḥ-sthá-s 'possessor', go-şthá-s (AV.) 'cow-pen', puru-nisthá-s 'excelling among many'. satru-há-s (AV.) 'slaying enemies', sahasra-há-s (AV.) ‘slaying a thousand'. IO N. A. n. khám 'aperture'.- a-doma-dám (AV.) 'not causing inconvenience', antári-kşam 'air', krsna-drám (AV.) 'black runner' (?)¹¹, tuvi-kşám 'destroying many', dur-gám impassable', dyu-kṣám, prathama-jám (AV. VS.), vắta-gopam (AV.) 'guarded by the wind', vrtra-hám 'slaying foes', satra-hám 'always destroying', sadhá-stham 'abode', su-gám, su-mnám 'benevolent'. A. m. atithi-gvám ('to whom guests go') N. of a man, an-ānu-dám, arāti-hám (AV.) 'destroying adversity', aśva-pám (VS. xxx. 11) 'groom', á-sva- gam (AV.) 'homeless', eka-jám, garbha-dhám (VS. TS.) 'impregnator', grha- pám (VS.xxx.11) ‘guardian of a house', go-pám ‘herdsman', carma-mnám (VS.) ‘tanner', tri-șthám 'having three seats', dása-gvam, dāva-pám (VS. xxx. 19) 'forest-fire guard', dyu-kşám, patam-gám, prathama-jám (VS.xXXIV. 51), madhu- pám 'honey-drinker', vana-pám (VS. xxx. 19) 'wood-ranger', vala-gám (AV.), vitta-dhám (VS.xxx. 11) 'possessing wealth', su-khám, su-gám (AV.), hasti-pám (VS. xxx. 11) 'elephant-keeper'. - — I. m. rathe-sthéna 'standing on a car'. n. antári-ksena, rtá-jyena 'whose bowstring is truth', kama-préna, su-géna (AV.), su-mnéna. D. m. atithi-gvaya, dyu-ksáya, patam-gáya, rathe-sthaya¹². n. parás- paya (VS.) 'protecting from afar', su-mnaya. Ab. m. rsya-dắt (x. 39³) 'pit for antelopes'. n. antári-kṣāt¹3, dur-gat, sadhá-sthat. 4 A reduced form of han- 'slay'. 5 See BARTHOLOMAE, BB. 15, 34 and cp. BB. 18, 12. - - 6 The etymology and meaning are some- what doubtful; cp. IS. 4, 304. 7 These two compounds as well as atithi- gvá- and éta-gva-, are with more probability derived from a reduced form of go- 'cow' by - I In the form of-mna-in carma-mná-‘tanner'. | BLOOMFIELD, AJPh. 17, 422-27; cp. above 2 An extension of gr- 'swallow'; cp. -krā- and ura- among the radical ā- stems. p. 153 (mid.). 8 The compound puro-gavá-s 'leader' pos- 3 In its original form perhaps gvā; a sibly = *puro-gvá-s; but it is probably a reduced form -gu- appears in vanar-gú- 'forest- | governing compound; cp. above, p. 176¹. roaming'. 9 See WHITNEY's note on AV. III. 5². 10 Also pašu-sa-s (v. 41¹) if it is N. sing. and not a G. of pašu-șă-. ¹1 Сp. WHITNEY's note on AV. Ix. 7ª. 12 svajaya (AV.) is analyzed by the Com- mentator as sva-jaya 'self-born', but is ex- plained by WHITNEY (AV. VI. 56²) as 'con- strictor' (from svaj- ‘embrace'). 13 See LANMAN 337.