The Columbia River: Its History, Its Myths, Its Scenery, Its Commerce/Index


INDEX


A


Abernethy, Clark & Co., builders of steamers on Columbia, 236

Abernethy, George, first Provisional Governor, 194

Adams, Mount, origin of, in Indian myth, 22-24;
elevation of, 358;
caves of, 359;
sport in vicinity, 360;
structure of, 361-362;
storm on, 364;
ascent of, 365-366;
views from, 366-368

Aguilar, Martin, Spanish explorer, 44-45

Ainsworth, J. C., first captain of steamer Lot Whitcomb, 235;
joins new company, 237;
skill in running rapids, 243

Albatross, ship connected with Winship enterprise, 109-11

American Board of Foreign Missions undertakes work for Oregon Indians, 145

Applegate, Jesse, disasters of family on Columbia River, 174;
extract from pioneer address, 178

Armstrong, Capt. F. P., trip on Kootenai River, 280-281

Arrow Lakes, steamboat journey on, 292;
scenery of, 293 et seq.

Arteaga, voyage on the Alaskan coast, 55

Astor, John Jacob, founder of Pacific Fur Co., 89;
establishes company at Astoria, 113;
his plans and mistakes, 115-116

Astoria, founding of, 120;
restored to United States, 125, 182;
amplitude of harbour, 389;
scenery of surroundings, 390;
industries of, 390-391;
fishing fleets, 392;
resorts adjoining, 393

Astoria and Columbia River Railroad, 362


B


Baker, Dr. D. S., railroad builder, 363-364

Baker, D. S., the steamer, running the Dalles, 243

Bailey Gatzert, steamer on Columbia River, 248

Balch, Frederick, his story, The Bridge of the Gods, 22

Bancroft, H. H., discussion of loss of Tonquin, 203

Banff, attraction as a resort, 274

Bannock Indian War, 233

Barlow, S. K., building road across Cascade Mountains, 176

Barrell, Joseph, originator of fur company at Boston, 102

Bassett, W. F., first gold discovery in Idaho, 253

Bateaux, description of, 134

Baughman, Capt., pilot on Columbia and Snake Rivers, 241

Beaver, vessel of the Pacific Fur Company, 123-124

Beaver, first steamship on Columbia River, 235

Beers, Alanson, members of Executive Committee of Provisional Government, 194

“Beeswax Ship,” story of, 41-42

Behring, Vitus, explorations on Pacific Coast, 50-51

Belcher, Sir Edward, expedition to Columbia River, 164

Belle, steamer on Columbia River, 236

Benton, Thomas H., expressions in regard to Oregon, 187;
special advocate for Oregon, 197

Bishop, B. B., steamboat builder on Columbia River, 235

Blakeney, Capt., in charge of steamer Isabel on Upper Columbia, 278
Blalock, Dr. N. G., connection with large enterprises, 328
Blanchet, Rev. F. N., book on Catholic Missions, 154;
journey to Oregon, 155;
locates in Willamette Valley, 155
Blanchet, Rev. Magloire, Catholic Mission at Walla Walla, 157
Boas, Dr. Franz, investigator of Indian legends, 35
Bodega, first voyage, 51;
later voyage, 55
Bonneville, Capt. E. L. E., organises trading company, 161;
makes explorations on Columbia River, 162;
meets Washington Irving, 162
Bradford, Daniel, steamboat building on Columbia River, 235
Bradford & Co., steamboat line on Columbia River, 236
Broughton, Lieut. W. R., in command of the Chatham, 62;
entrance of Columbia River and exploration, 66-67;
erroneous statements, 67-68
Buchanan, James, course in regard to boundary of Oregon, 199
Bullfinch, account of American fur-trade, 101
Burnett, Peter, speech to immigrants, 169;
governor of California, 170;
opinion in regard to Provisional Government, 195


C

Cabinet Rapids, 321
Cabrillo, navigator on coast of California, 43
Calhoun, John C., attitude on Oregon question, 186;
peculiar situation of, 198-199
Cameahwait, chief of Shoshone Indians, meeting with Lewis and Clark party, 77;
finding Sacajawea, 78
Canadian boatmen, their skill and gayety, 132-133
Canadian Pacific Railroad, route of, over Rocky Mts., 274;
over Selkirks, 285-286;
excellence of management, 288;
steamboats on lakes, 292

Canadian Rockies, character of, and steepness of descent, 275

Canoes, 133

Cape Horn, 349

Carolina, steamer crossing Columbia Bar, 235

Cascades, a dividing line, 340;
historic and physical interest of, 340;
locks, 341;
first notice of tide, 341;
fish-wheels and spearmen, 342

Cascade Mountains, general description, 12-13;
the great peaks, 13-14;
valleys on east side, 14;
valleys on west side, 15-16;
cleft by Columbia River, 333

Cass, Senator, speech in regard to Oregon, 199

Castle Rock, unique appearance, 343;
ascents of, 344;
cave and arrowheads, 346

Catlin, George, account of Indians who sought “Book of Life,” 138

Cayuse War, beginning, 210;
ending, 212

Celiast, Indian woman, 34

Champoeg, meetings for Provisional Government, 192-193

Chelan Lake, type of Columbian lakes, 298;
first appearance, 299;
glacial origin, 300;
depth of cañon, 300;
comparison with other scenes, 300-301;
storms on, 301-302;
sunset on, 303

Chemeketa, the Indian council ground, 142

Chinook wind, legend of, 24-27

Chittenden, Major H. M., book on American fur-trade, 203

Choteau, Pierre and Auguste, founding of St. Louis, 108

Christian Advocate, account of Indians looking for “Book of Life,” 137

Clark, William, lieutenant of exploring party, 73;
Indians think him “medicine man,” 82;
Indians looking for “Book of Life,” 136-137

Clarke, Gen. N. S., in command of Columbia, 224

Clatsop Plains, favourite resort of Indians, 34

Clay, Henry, attitude on Oregon question, 186

Coe, Capt. Lawrence, building steamer Colonel Wright, 235;
account of first trip on upper Columbia and Snake Rivers, 243-244

Cœur d'Alene, Lake, as a resort, 297;
its mines, 298

Colleges founded as result of missions, 157

Colonel Wright, the steamer, on upper Columbia, 235;
makes first trip on upper rivers, 243-244

Columbia Basin, forces that wrought it, 6-7;
general description, 10-15;
climate, 17-18

Columbia River, many names, 3;
early attracts attention, 4;
connection with Kootenai River, 11;
tomanowas bridge, 21;
damming at Cascades, 21-22;
discovery by Heceta, 55;
discovered and named by Robert Gray, 64;
results of discovery, 65;
first navigation by Lewis and Clark party, 82;
falls passed by party, 83;
submerged forests, 84;
descent by Lewis and Clark, 84-85;
first sight by Hunt's party, 95;
Tonquin on bar, 117;
forts on, 129-131;
crossing of Bar by the ship, L'Indefatigable, 156;
descent by immigrants of 1843, 172-174;
description of Bar by Provost, 184;
massacres upon, by Indians, 221;
steamboat business, 239 et seq.;
first steamboats on lower part, 235;
on upper part, 243;
railroads along, 261-262;
navigability of, 266;
prospective traffic of, 267-269;
character above Golden, 278 et seq.;
character below Golden, 285;
lakes of, 291 et seq.;
from Robson to Kettle Falls, 296;
from Kettle Falls to Wenatchee, 298;
rapids and shores from Wenatchee to Pasco, 321;
irrigating enterprises, 323-324;
between Pasco and The Dalles, 328-329;
canal, 330;
section beginning at The Dalles, 234-236;
peculiar character at Cascades, 239;
tomanowas bridge, 340;
compared with other scenes, 350;
appearance below Rooster Rock, 374;
between Portland and the ocean, 387-389;
farewell to, 396

Columbia River Navigation Co., 237

Columbia, the steamer, on River, 235

Condon, Professor Thomas, geological theories, 5

Cook, Capt. James, journey on Oregon coast, 55;
death, 56

Cortereal, Gaspar, Straits of Anian, 43

Coxe, account of fur-trade, 100

Coyote god, fight with Kamiah monster, 19-21

Coyote Head, 337

Crooks, Ramsay, partner of Pacific Fur Co., 89;
hard experience with Indians, 96

Culliby Lake, 42

Cultee, Charley, Indian story teller, 35

Curry, Governor, calling for volunteers, 221


D

Dalles, The, historical interest of, 330;
varied resources of, 330-331;
scenery, 331

Day, John, treatment by Indians and death, 96-97

Dayton, Congressman, expressions about Oregon, 187

Dawson, Professor, explanation of sources of Columbia, 278

De Haro at Nootka, 55

De May in battle of Pine Creek, 227

Demers, Rev. Modest, missionary to Indians, 155

De Smet, Rev. Pierre J., books on Catholic missions, 154;
in Northern Idaho, 155;
in Europe for reinforcements, 156;
crossing Bar, 156

Disoway, G. P., account of Indians who sought “Book of Life,” 137

Dixson, figures on profits of fur-trade, 102

Donation Land Law attracts immigration, 177

Dorion, Madame, desperate situation in Blue Mountains, 126

Drake, Francis, explorations, 44


E

Eagle, steamer above Cascades, 235;
rescuing victims of Indian war, 236

Edwards, Rev. P. L., associate missionary, 141

Eells, Rev. Cushing, missionary to Oregon Indians, 151;
locating at Tshimakain, 152

Elliott, S. G., first railroad surveys, 259

England, difficulty with Spain over Nootka Sound, 62


F

Farnham, T. J., in command of Peoria party, 164;
history of Oregon and California, 164

Ferrelo, explorations on the coast, 43

Field, mountain resort, 276

Fiske, Wilbur, leading missionary movements, 140

Florida Treaty with Spain, 184

Fonte, extravagant stories, 46

Fort Clatsop built by Lewis and Clark, 85

France, assistance to American colonies, 50

Franchère, Gabriel, history of Pacific Fur Co., 118;
founding of Astoria, 120;
account of destruction of Tonquin, 203

Fuca, Juan de, 44

Fur-trade, beginnings, 56-57;
on Oregon coast, 60-61;
connection with discoveries, 89;
historical importance, 99;
financial profits of, 103


G

Gale, Joseph, building of Star of Oregon, 166;
sails to California, 167;
on Executive Committee of Provisional Government, 194

Gale, William, on ship Albatross, 109;
extract from journal, 113

Galiano, voyage around Vancouver Island, 55

Garnett, Major, in Yakima War, 225

Gaston, Lieutenant, in battle of Pine Creek, 226

Gervais, Joseph, location in Oregon, 142

Ghent, Treaty of, 182

Gilliam, Cornelius, in Cayuse War, 201

Glacier, Canadian resort, 286-287

Glacier Lake, 310

Glacier Peak, 311

Golden on Columbia River, 277

Grande Ronde Valley, first view by Hunt Party, 94

Grant, Captain, attempting to keep back American immigration, 171

Gray, Capt. Robert, in command of Lady Washington, 60;
as a fur-trader, 61;
discovers Columbia River, 64

Gray, W. H., history of Oregon, 147;
characteristics, 149;
four sons, 149;
estimate of population, 188;
in Provisional Government, 190-191;
steamboat enterprises, 241;
adventure on Snake River 241

Gray, Capt. Wm. P., story of ascent of Snake River, 241;
trip down Snake River, 247

Great Britain, claims to Oregon, 180-181


H

Halhaltlossot, or Lawyer, 151

Hallakallakeen (Joseph), summer camp, 297

Hard winter of 1861, 257

Hassalo, the steamer, 235-237

Hassalo, No. 2, 248

Hathaway, Felix, building schooner, Star of Oregon, 166

Heceta, first voyage, 51;
discovery of Columbia River, 52-54

Henry, Andrew, trading post on Snake River, 108-109

Hickey, Capt. F., at restoration of Astoria, 125

Hill, David, on Executive Committee of Provisional Government, 194

Hill, J. J., railroad builder, 262

Holladay, Ben, president of Oregon Central Railroad, 259

Holmes, Oliver W., quotation, 275

Hood, Mount, origin of, in Indian myth, 22-24;
first appearance of, 333;
elevation, 354;
approach to, 354;
Cloud Cap Inn, 355;
view from, 356;
appearance from La Camas, 376

Hood River and Valley, appearance and productions of, 238

Howard, General O. O., in Nez Percé War of 1877, 230;
description of Joseph, 231

Hudson's Bay Company, organisation of, 104;
joined with North-western Fur Co., 107;
forts, 128 et seq.;
boats and boatmen, 131-134;
policy toward Americans, 150-153;
attitude toward Provisional Government, 192, 195;
treatment of Dr. McLoughlin, 196

Hunt, Wilson P., forms land division of Pacific Fur Co., 89;
leader in journey, 92 et seq.


I

Idaho, name of, 32;
reached by Lewis and Clark, 79-81;
first steamboat, 235;
gold discoveries, 252 et seq.;
university, 315;
irrigation systems, 317

Illecillewaet River, 287

Immigration of 1843, beginnings, 168;
at Fort Hall, 171;
constructing flatboats on Columbia, 173;
disasters on River, 174-175;
succoured by Dr. McLoughlin, 176;
settlement in Willamette Valley, 176

Indians, sad history, 18;
myths, 19 et seq.;
names, 31-32;
traders in furs, 103

Indians', the three Nez Percé, quest for the “Book of Life,” 139

Indian War of 1855, beginning, 219;
battle at Walla Walla, 221;
unsatisfactory end, 224

Indian War of 1858, 225 et seq.

Inland Empire, origin, 6;
general description, 14

Intelligencer, National, expressions in regard to Oregon, 187

Irving, Washington, author of Astoria, 113


J

Jason P. Flint, steamer on Columbia, 235

Jefferson, Thomas, connection with Pacific Coast, 69-70;
organisation of Lewis and Clark expedition, 72-73;
instructions to party, 74

Jenny Clark, steamer on Willamette, 236

Jetty, at mouth of River, construction, 395;
prospective results, 396

Joint Occupation Treaty, 134

Joseph, Indian chief, in Walla Walla council, 217-218

Joseph (Hallakallakeen), in great war of 1877, 229;
captured, 231;
later life and character, 232

Joseph War of 1877, 229 et seq.


K

Kamiah monster, myth of, 19-21

Kamiakin, Yakima chief, 213;
at Walla Walla Council, 214;
conspiracy to kill Governor Stevens, 216;
description of by Stevens, 216;
breaking up of treaties, 218;
new force of warriors, 220;
apparent success, 224

Kamm, Jacob, engineer on steamer Lot Whitcomb, 235

Keith, J., at restoration of Astoria, 125

Kelley, Hall J., home and character, 159;
expedition to California and Oregon, 160;
return to New England, 161

Kelley, Col. J. K., in battle of the Walla Walla, 221

Kendrick, Capt. John, in command of the Columbia Rediviva, 60;
in fur-trade, 61

Kettle Falls, historic interest, 296

Kennewick, 227

Kicking Horse River (Wapta), origin of name, 277

Kilbourne, Ralph, builder of Star of Oregon, 166

Kimooenim River, or Snake River, first view by Lewis and Clark party, 81

Kip, Lieutenant, account of Walla Walla Council, 214-215

Klickitat Indians, legends, 28-30;
atrocities of, at Cascades, 221

Kobaiway, Indian chief, 35

Konapee, story of, 37-39

Kooskooskie River, discovered by the Lewis and Clark party, 79;
navigation on, by Lewis and Clark party, 81

Kootenai River, character of navigation, 280-281;
Bonnington Falls of, 294

Kootenai Lake, description of, 295-296;
sporting on, 296


L

La Camas, paper mill, 375

Ladd, Carrie, steamer on Willamette, 236

Lamazee, or Lamazu, brings news of destruction of Tonquin, 123

Lark, wreck of, 124

Lausanne, Methodist mission ship, 142

Lawyer, Indian chief favourable to whites, 214-216

Le Breton, G. W., part in founding Provisional Government, 192

Ledyard, John, connection with Jefferson, 70;
comprehension of fur-trade, 101

Lee, Rev. Daniel, missionary to Indians, 141;
mission at The Dalles, 142

Lee, Rev. Jason, missionary to Indians, 140;
locating mission at Chemawa, 142;
in the East for reinforcements, 142;
death, 143;
connection with Ewing Young, 144;
memorial to Congress, 144;
influence, 145;
lecture at Peoria, 163;
chairman of meeting of settlers, 189

Lewis and Clark expedition, its inception by Jefferson, 71;
summary by Captain Lewis, 87;
mention of, by Jefferson, 88

Lewis, Jo, part in Whitman massacre, 206

Lewis, Meriwether, selection by Jefferson for leader of party, 72;
description of crossing Divide, 75

Lewiston, founding of, 245

Linn Senator, presenting memorials to Congress, 189;
his death, 197

Lisa, Manuel, organises the Missouri Fur Company, 108

Looking Glass, famous speech, 215

Lot Whitcomb, the steamer, on Columbia River, 235

Louise, Lake, beauties of, 274

Louisiana Purchase, significance, 71


M

Macbeth, Miss Kate, opinion about Indians who looked for “Book of Life,” 136-137

Mackenzie, Alexander, expedition to Pacific Coast, 71;
journey to the Arctic Ocean, 106;
reaches Pacific Ocean, 106

McBean, Wm., account of Walla Walla Council, 217

McCellan, Robert, partner of Pacific Fur Company, 89

McClellan, Geo. B., assists Stevens in reconnaissance for Pacific Railroad, 260

McDougall, Duncan, smallpox bottle, 122;
marries daughter of Comcomly, 122;
sells out Company, 124

McKay, Dr. W. C., physician at Pendleton, 319

McKenzie, Donald, partner of Pacific Fur Company, 89;
leads division of party, 92;
sells out Company, 124

McKinley, Allen, building of steamer on Columbia, 235

McLoughlin, Dr. John, as factor of Hudson's Bay Company, 130;
reception of Methodist missionaries, 141;
meets the Whitman party of missionaries, 150;
connection with building Star of Oregon, 166;
sees approaching success of Americans, 167;
stories connecting him with Americans, 168;
account of Provisional Government, 195;
becomes an American citizen, 196;
land troubles, 196;
sadness of old age, 196;
summary of character, 197

Maldonado, extravagant stories, 46;
map, 48

Maquinna, Indian chief, 202

Martinez, voyage on coast of Oregon, 55

Mary, steamer on Upper Columbia, 235;
rescues victims of Indian war, 236;
on her regular route, 237

Mazama Club, influence of, 353

Meares, Capt. John, English explorer, 44;
voyages to Oregon Coast, 58;
at mouth of Columbia, 59-60

Meek, Jo, part in founding Provisional Government, 192

Memaloose Island, 337

Miller, Joseph, partner of Pacific Fur Company, 89

Minto, John, account of founding of Provisional Government, 190

Montcachabe, Indian who first crossed the continent, 70

Moody, Mary, steamer, first steamer on Pend Oreille Lake, 245

Moody, Z. F., builds steamer, 245

Moorehouse, Major Lee, Indian photographer, 320

Morigeau, Baptiste, pioneer on Lake Windermere, 283

Moscow, site of University of Idaho, 315

Moses, Indian chief, 297

Mountain Buck, steamer on Columbia, 236

Mountaineers' Club, purpose and location, 353

Mowry, Wm., report of speech by Nez Percé Indian, 139

Multnomah, steamer on Columbia, 236

Multnomah Falls, 348


N

Nekahni, Mt., location of, 33;
beauty of, 39;
the “treasure ship,” 40-41

Nelson, metropolis of the Kootenai, 294;
fruit industries of, 294;
mines of, 295;
transportation of, 295

Nesmith, J. W., extract on immigration of 1843, 169;
account of Indian guide, Sticcus, 172;
in Indian War of 1855, 221

Nez Percé Indians, origin of, 21;
first meeting with Lewis and Clark party, 80;
looking for “Book of Life,” 137

Nootka Sound, discovery of, 51;
important centre, 55;
as a cause of dispute between England and Spain, 62

North Bank Railroad, 262;
cost of, 377;
bridge, 377

North-west Fur Company, organisation, 105;
unites with Hudson's Bay Company, 107, 128;
in possession of Columbia Basin, 125


O

Oak Point founded by Winship brothers, 110

Ogden, Peter Skeen, ransoms survivors of Whitman massacre, 207

Okanogan, the steamer, first to run Tumwater Falls, 242

Okanogan Indians, story of, 284-285

Oneonta Gorge, 347

Oregon, name of, 31

Oregon Question, its complicated and momentous character, 200

Oregon Railroad and Navigation Co. organised, 246

Oregon Short Line Railroad, 262

Oregon Steam Navigation Co. organised, 237;
development of business, 238;
its portages, 238;
sells out, 246

Oregon Transportation Co. organised, 237

Oregonian, newspaper, influence of, 386

Osborne, Mr., escape from Whitman massacre, 207


P

Pacific Fur Co., organisation of, 89;
its dissolution, 125

Paha Cliffs, 336

Pakenham, British envoy, and his course in regard to Oregon, 199-200

Pambrun, Pierre, instructed Indians in Catholic faith, 137

Parker, Rev. Samuel, in Oregon to investigate condition of Indians, 145;
his traits, 146;
book, 146

Pasco, lands around, 326;
prospects of, 327

Patriot, Illinois, report of the Indians looking for “Book of Life,” 137

Peacock, ship of Wilkes Expedition lost on Columbia Bar, 165

Pearce, E. D., connection with discovery of gold in Idaho, 252

Pearson, express rider, rides to notify Stevens of Great Yakima War, 219-220

Pendleton, its industries and some of its citizens, 319-320

Peoria party of immigrants, 163

Perez, voyage of, 51

Perkins, Rev. H. K. W., mission at The Dalles, 142

Peupeumoxmox, Indian chief in war of 1855, 213;
leads force to Walla Walla, 214;
killed, 221

Polk, President, management of Oregon Question, 199-200

Poppleton, Irene Lincoln, article in Oregon Historical Quarterly, 237

Portland developed by discovery of gold in California, 251;
location, 381;
transportation facilities, 382;
commerce, 382-383;
buildings, 384;
artistic character of, 385;
Historical Society, 385-386

Potter, T. J., steamer on Columbia, 248

Priest Rapids, character of, 322;
origin of name, 322;
power for pumping, 324

Provisional Government, origin of, 190-192;
organisation of, 193;
officers of, 194;
state house for, 194

Provost, J. B., at restoration of Astoria, 125;
agent of United States for receiving Astoria from Great Britain, 182;
describes Columbia Bar, 182-183

Pullman, site of State College, 315


R

Raccoon, British man-of-war at Astoria, 124

Railroad Creek, scenery about, 309-310

Rainier, Mt., origin of name, 32

Rector, Wm., road across Cascade Mountains, 176

Revelstoke, character as a junction, 292

Rock Island Rapids, 321

Roosevelt, Theodore, view of Calhoun's policy in regard to Oregon, 198;
reference to Columbia River, 246

Rooster Rock, appearance of, 349-350;
River below, 375

Rosalia, monument of Steptoe, 315

Ross, Alexander, adventure in Yakima country, 126-127;
narration of profits in fur-trade, 131;
on blowing up of Tonquin, 203

Ruckle and Olmstead put steamer on Columbia, 236

Russia, entrance upon American exploration, 50-51


S

Sacajawea, with Lewis and Clark party, 75;
sees the whale, 85;
finds her brother, Cameahwait, 78

St. Helens, Mt., origin of, in Indian myth, 22-24

St. Joe River, its beauties, 297

St. Peter's Dome, 346

Salmon River, Lewis and Clark party at the head of, 79

Saltese, Cœur d'Alene chief, 226

San José, ship connected with Indian story, 42

Scott, Harvey, character and influence as an editor, 386

Sea-otter, importance in the fur-trade, 100

Señorita, steamer on Columbia, 236

Shakspere, his location of Caliban and Ariel in the Far West, 47

Shaw, Col. B. F., battle of Grande Ronde, 222

Shepard, Rev. Cyrus, missionary to Indians, 141

Sheridan, battle at Cascades, 22

Shoshone Indians, meeting with Lewis and Clark party, 76-78

Shuswap Indians, story of, 284-285

Sierra Nevada, the steamship, its cargo of treasure, 239

Simpson, S. L., extract from poem of, 380

Smith, Rev. A. B., minister to Oregon Indians, 151;
at Kamiah, 152

Smith, J. C., connection with gold mines in Idaho, 253

Smith, Jedediah, American trapper thought to have taught religion to Indians, 137

Smith, William, mate on Albatross, 109

Snake River, orchards of, 316;
heat, 317;
irrigation systems of, 317;
Shoshone Falls of, 317

Snow-peaks, general group of, 353;
zones of, 370-372

Snickster, adventure in Steptoe expedition, 228

Sowles, Capt. Cornelius, character of, 116

Spain, connection with Oregon exploration, 48;
downfall, 48-49;
settlement of California, 49;
favouring conditions for exploration, 50;
conflict with England over Nootka, 62;
character of claims to Oregon, 180

Spalding, Rev. H. H., in Oregon as missionary, 147;
his traits of character, 148;
among Nez Percés, 151;
first printing press west of Rocky Mountains, 152

Spalding, Mrs. H. H., characteristics, 148

Speelyei, Indian god, struggle with Wishpoosh, 8-9;
creates Indian tribes, 9

Spencer Chas. D., steamer on Columbia, 248

Spokane, remarkable character as a city, 315;
water power of Falls, 315;
grandeur as spectacle, 315;
railway system, 316

Spokane House, location of, 315

Spotted Eagle, remarkable speech, 223

Star of Oregon, schooner built on Willamette River, 166;
trip to San Francisco, 167

Stark, Benjamin, in steamboat business, 236

Statesman, Washington, extracts in regard to Idaho mines, 255-256

Stehekin River, cañon of, 303;
Rainbow Falls of, 305;
Horseshoe Basin of, 306

Steptoe, Col. E. J., dissension with Stevens, 223;
fort at Walla Walla, 224;
disastrous expedition to Spokane, 225 et seq.

Stevens, Hazard, account of Walla Walla Council, 215

Stevens, I. I., appointed Governor of Washington, 213;
makes treatise, 213;
Council at Walla Walla, 214;
goes to northern country to make treaties, 215;
describes Kamiakin, 216;
makes treaty with Flatheads, 218;
returns to Olympia, 221;
organises volunteers, 222;
second Council at Walla Walla, 222;
trouble with Steptoe, 223;
trouble with Wool, 224;
battle at Walla Walla, 224;
reconnaissance for railroad in 1853, 260

Sticcus, Indian guide of immigrants, 172;
tries to save the Whitman Mission, 206

Stuart, David, founding of Fort Okanogan, 121

Stump, Capt. T. J., on first steamer down Tumwater Falls, 242

Sturgis, profits of fur-trade, 103

Sutter, Captain, connection with discovery of gold, 250

Swan, data on income of furs, 103

Swift, Jonathan, placing of Gulliver near the coast of Oregon, 47


T

“Takhoma, Mt.,” origin of name, 32

Tallapus, Indian deity, 33

Tamahas, part in Whitman massacre, 206, 212

Tamsaky, in Whitman massacre, 206;
killed, 212

Taylor, Captain, part in battle of Pine Creek, 226

Telaukait, part in Whitman massacre, 206

Tenino, the steamer, value of its business, 239

Tetons, Three, first seen by Hunt party, 81

Thompson, David, crossing the continent, 106;
at Astoria, 121;
remains of his fort on Lake Windermere, 282

Thompson, R. R., builds steamer Colonel Wright, 235

Thorn, Jonathan, disposition as captain of Tonquin, 116;
tyrannical course in entering Columbia River, 117-118

Thornton, J. Quinn, description of Oregon State House, 194

Timothy, Nez Percé Indian guide to Steptoe's command, save command, 226-227

Tonquin, fitting out for Astoria, 117;
entrance of Columbia River, 118-119;
destroyed by Indians, 124;
account of capture, 203

Touchet Valley, adaptability to orchards, 325

Trappers, two general classes of, 90

Treaty with England in regard to Oregon, 200

Trevett, Vic, tomb of, 337

Troup, Capt. James, skill in running rapids, 242;
on D. S. Baker over The Dalles, 243


U

Umatilla Plains first seen by the Hunt expedition, 94

Umatilla Rapids, singular character of, 328

Union Transportation Co. organised, 237

United States, character of claims to Oregon, 181;
notifies Great Britain to regain Astoria, 182


V

Valdez, circumnavigation of Vancouver Island, 55

Vancouver, Capt. George, as English commissioner, 62;
equipment for exploration, 62;
at mouth of Columbia River, 63;
meets Gray, 63;
at Columbia Bar, 66

Vancouver Island, location of important explorations, 56-57

Vancouver, Fort, its condition as a Hudson's Bay post, 128-129

Vancouver, city of historic interest, 376;
scenery, 377

Venture, the steamer, carried over Cascades, 236

Verendrye, first European to enter Rocky Mountains, 70

Villard, Henry, first arrival in Oregon, 260;
railroad on Columbia River, 261;
financial disasters, 261

Vizcaino, commander of Spanish fleet of exploration, 44

Von Holst, opinion in regard to Calhoun's management of the Oregon matter, 198


W

Walker, Rev. Elkanah, missionary to Oregon Indians, 151;
at Tshimakain, 151

Walker's Prairie, location of first church, 315

Walker, Wm., account of Indians who sought the “Book of Life,” 137

Walla Walla, Fort, arrival at, by immigrants of 1843, 173

Walla Walla City, historic nature of, 318;
appearance and surroundings, 318;
Whitman Mission, 318

Walla Walla Council of Stevens with Indians, 213 et seq.

Wallowa Lake, beauty and historic interest of, 320

Wallula, 328

Wapatoo Island, first seen by Lewis and Clark party, 86;
description of, 378

Wapta River, 277

Wasco, steamer built on Columbia, 235;
rescues victims of Indian War, 236;
under new management, 237

Washington, State, evidences of development, 314 et seq.;
views of, from Mt. Adams, 366 et seq.

Washington Territory, created by Congress, 212;
volunteers for Indian War, 222

Washougal, historic interest of, 375

Webster, Daniel, attitude on Oregon question, 186-187;
inclined to yield to England, 197

Wehatpolitan, story of, 345

Wenatchee, interest as an irrigated region, 314

Whitcomb, Lot, builds steamer of same name, 235

White, Dr. Elijah, in Oregon in 1837 as Indian agent, 142

White, Capt. Lew, commands steamer Colonel Wright on trip up Columbia, 243-244;
launches steamer Forty-nine on Columbia, 245

Whitman, Dr. Marcus, entrance upon work for Oregon Indians, 145;
popularity with trappers, 146;
return to New York, 146;
marriage and return to Oregon, 147;
his appearance and character, 147;
getting waggon across continent, 150;
among Cayuses, 151;
conception of value of Oregon, 153;
journey in midwinter to St. Louis, 154;
helps organise immigration of 1843, 168;
guides immigrants, 171;
doctors Indians for measles, 205;
assassinated, 206;
connection with Dr. McLoughlin, 196

Whitman, Mrs. Narcissa, appearance and qualities, 147;
her death, 207

Whitman massacre, 206-208

Whitman College, 319

Whitman County, agricultural resources of, 316

White Salmon River and Valley, 338

Wilkes, Lieut. Chas., commands expedition to Columbia River, 165;
establishes idea of unity of Pacific Coast, 165;
assists in equipping schooner Star of Oregon, 160;
advice to settlers about a government, 190

Willamette River, scenery around mouth, 378;
tributaries and Valley, 380;
apostrophe to, by S. L. Simpson, 380

Willamette Valley, general view, 15

Willamette University grows out of mission to Indians, 143

Williams in the Steptoe retreat, 228

Windermere Lake, 280

Winship brothers, project for trading company on Columbia River, 109-113

Wishpoosh, the Beaver, Indian legend, 8

Wool, Gen. J. E., discord with Stevens, 222, 224

Wright, Colonel, campaign against Spokane Indians, 225, 229

Wyeth, Nathaniel, takes Methodist missionary party across continent in 1834, 141;
commendation by Lowell, 162;
plans great enterprise on Columbia, 162;
builds fort at mouth of Willamette, 163;
attracts attention to Oregon, 163


<span class="huge"

American Waterways



The Romance of the Colorado River

The Story of its Discovery in 1540, with an account of the Later Explorations, and with Special Reference to the Voyages of Powell through the Line of the Great Canyons.

By Frederick S. Dellenbaugh

Member of the United States Colorado River Expedition of 1871 and 1872

435 pages, with 200 Illustrations, and Frontispiece in Color. $3.50 net

"His scientific training, his long experience in this region, and his eye for natural scenery enable him to make this account of the Colorado River most graphic and interesting. No other book equally good can be written for many years to come—not until our knowledge of the river is greatly enlarged."—The Boston Herald.

"Mr. Dellenbaugh writes with enthusiasm and balance about his chief, and of the canyon with a fascination that make him disinclined to leave it, and brings him thirty years later to its description with undiminished interest."—New York Tribune.

The Ohio River

A COURSE OF EMPIRE

By Archer B. Hulbert

Associate Professor of American History, Marietta College,
Author of "Historic Highways of America," etc.

390 pages, with 100 Illustrations and a Map. $3.50 net

An interesting description from a fresh point of view of the international struggle which ended with the English conquest of the Ohio Basin, and includes many interesting details of the pioneer movement on the Ohio. The most widely read students of the Ohio Valley will find a unique and unexpected interest in Mr. Hulbert's chapters dealing with the Ohio River in the Revolution, the rise of the cities of Pittsburg, Cincinnati, and Louisville, the fighting Virginians, the old-time methods of navigation, etc.

"A wonderfully comprehensive and entirely fascinating book."—Chicago Inter-Ocean.

Narragansett Bay Its Historic and Romantic Associations and Picturesque Setting By Edgar Mayhew Bacon
Author of “The Hudson River,” “Chronicles of Tarrytown,” etc. 340 pages, with 50 Drawings by the Author,
and with Numerous Photographs and a Map. $3.50 net

Impressed by the important and singular part played by the settlers of Narragansett in the development of American ideas and ideals, and strongly attracted by the romantic tales that are inwoven with the warp of history, as well as by the incomparable setting the great bay affords for such a subject, the author offers this result of his labor as a contribution to the story of great American Waterways, with the hope that his readers may be imbued with somewhat of his own enthusiasm.

“An attractive description of the picturesque part of Rhode Island. Mr. Bacon dwells on the natural beauties, the legendary and historical associations, rather than the present appearance of the shores.”—N. Y. Sun.


  The Great Lakes Vessels That Plough Them, Their Owners, Their Sailors, and Their Cargoes;
together with A Brief History of Our Inland Seas
By James Oliver Curwood With about 80 Full-page Illustrations, $3.50 net

This profusely illustrated book, as entertaining as it is informing, has the twofold advantage of being written by a man who knows the Lakes and their shores as well as what has been written about them. The general reader will enjoy the romance attaching to the past history of the Lakes and not less the romance of the present—the story of the great commercial fleets that plough our inland seas, created to transport the fruits of the earth and the metals that are dug from the bowels of the earth. To the business man who has interests in or about the Lakes, or to the prospective investor in Great Lakes enterprises, the book will be found suggestive. Comparatively little has been written of these fresh-water seas, and many of his readers will be amazed at the wonderful story which this volume tells.


  The St. Lawrence River Historical—Legendary—Picturesque By George Waldo Browne
Author of “Japan—the Place and the People,” “Paradise of the Pacific,” etc. 385 pages, with 100 Illustrations and a Map. $3.50 net

While the St. Lawrence River has been the scene of many important events connected with the discovery and development of a large portion of North America, no attempt has heretofore been made to collect and embody in one volume a complete and comprehensive narrative of this great waterway. This is not denying that considerable has been written relating to it, but the various offerings have been scattered through many volumes, and most of these have become inaccessible to the general reader.

This work presents in a consecutive narrative the most important historic incidents connected with the river, combined with descriptions of some of its most picturesque scenery and delightful excursions into to its legendary lore. In selecting the hundred illustrations care has been taken to give as wide a scope as possible to the views belonging to the river.


  The Niagara River By Archer Butler Hulbert
Professor of American History, Marietta College;
author of “The Ohio River,” “Historic Highways of America,” etc. 350 pages, with 70 Illustrations and Maps. $3,50 net

Professor Hulbert tells all that is best worth recording of the history of the river which gives the book its title, and of its commercial present and its great commercial future. An immense amount of carefully ordered information is here brought together into a most entertaining and informing book. No mention of this volume can be quite adequate that fails to take into account the extraordinary chapter which is given to chronicling the mad achievements of that company of dare-devil bipeds of both sexes who for decades have been sweeping over the Falls in barrels and other receptacles, or who have gone dancing their dizzy way on ropes or wires stretched from shore to shore above the boiling, leaping water beneath.


  The Hudson River FROM OCEAN TO SOURCE Historical—Legendary—Picturesque By Edgar Mayhew Bacon
Author of “Chronicles of Tarrytown,” “Narragansett Bay,” etc. 600 Pages, with 100 Illustrations,
including a Sectional Map of the Hudson River. $3.50 net

“The value of this handsome quarto does not depend solely on the attractiveness with which Mr. Bacon has invested the whole subject, it is a kind of footnote to the more conventional histories, because it throws light upon the life and habits of the earliest settlers. It is a study of Dutch civilization in the New World, severe enough in intentions to be accurate, but easy enough in temper to make a great deal of humor, and to comment upon those characteristic customs and habits which, while they escape the attention of the formal historian, are full of significance.”—Outlook.


  The Connecticut River
AND THE
Valley of the Connecticut THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY MILES FROM MOUNTAIN TO SEA Historical and Descriptive By Edwin Munroe Bacon
Author of “Walks and Rides in the Country Round About Boston,” etc. 500 Pages, with 100 Illustrations and a Map. $3.50 net

From ocean to source every mile of the Connecticut is crowded with reminders of the early explorers, of the Indian wars, of the struggle of the Colonies, and of the quaint, peaceful village existence of the early days of the Republic. Beginning with the Dutch discovery, Mr. Bacon traces the interesting movements and events which are associated with this chief river of New England.


  The Columbia River Its History—Its Myths—Its Scenery—Its Commerce By William Denison Lyman
Professor of History in Whitman College, Walla Walla, Washington Fully Illustrated

This is the first effort to present a book distinctively on the Columbia River. It is the intention of the author to give some special prominence to Nelson and the magnificent lake district by which it is surrounded. As the joint possession of the United States and British Columbia, and as the grandest scenic river of the continent, the Columbia is worthy of special attention.


  In Preparation:

Each will be fully illustrated and will probably be published at $3.50 net

1.—Inland Waterways
By Herbert Quick

2.—The Mississippi River
By Julius Chambers

3.—The Story of the Chesapeake
By Ruthella Mory Bibbins

4.—Lake George and Lake Champlain
By W. Max Reid
Author of “The Mohawk Valley,” “The Story of Old Fort Johnson,” etc.