BIRDS.
|
PASSERES.
|
|
|
|
Turdidæ.
|
|
|
1.
|
Turdus
|
18
|
The whole region (excluding Spitsbergen)
|
Almost cosmopolite
|
2.
|
Oreocincla
|
1
|
N. E. Asia and Japan, straggler to Europe
|
Oriental and Australian
|
3.
|
Monticola
|
3
|
S. Europe, N. Africa, Palestine, N. China
|
Oriental and S. African
|
|
(Bessonornis
|
1
|
Palestine)
|
Tropical and S. Africa
|
Sylviidæ.
|
|
|
4.
|
Cisticola
|
1
|
S. W. Europe, N. Africa, Japan
|
Ethiop., Orient., Austral.
|
5.
|
|
Acrocephalus
|
10
|
W. Europe to Japan
|
Orient., Ethiop., Austral.
|
6.
|
Dumeticola
|
4
|
Nepaul, Lake Baikal, E. Thibet high
|
|
7.
|
Potamodus
|
3
|
W. and S. Europe, N. Africa, E. Thibet
|
|
8.
|
Lusciniola
|
1
|
S. Europe
|
|
9.
|
Locustella
|
7
|
W. Europe and N. Africa to Japan
|
|
10.
|
Bradyptetus
|
2
|
S. Europe and Palestine
|
|
11.
|
Calamodus
|
?3
|
Europe, N. Africa, Palestine
|
|
12.
|
|
Phylloscopus
|
6
|
The whole region (excluding western islands)
|
Oriental
|
13.
|
Hypolais
|
9
|
Europe, N. Africa, Palestine, China
|
|
14.
|
Abrornis
|
2
|
Cashmere, E. Thibet
|
|
15.
|
Reguloides
|
2
|
Europe and China
|
|
16.
|
Regulus
|
4
|
The whole region (excluding Iceland, &c.)
|
|
17.
|
|
Aedon
|
2
|
S. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa
|
E. and S. Africa
|
18.
|
Pyrophthalma
|
2
|
E. Europe and Palestine
|
|
19.
|
Melizophilus
|
2
|
W. and S. Europe, Sardinia
|
|
20.
|
Sylvia
|
6
|
Madeira to W. India, N. Africa
|
|
21.
|
Curruca
|
7
|
Madeira to India, N. Africa
|
|
22.
|
|
Luscinia
|
2
|
W. Europe, N. Africa, Persia
|
|
23.
|
Cyanecula
|
3
|
Europe and N. Africa to Kamschatka
|
|
24.
|
Calliope
|
2
|
N. Asia, Himalayas, China
|
|
25.
|
Erithacus
|
3
|
Atlantic Islands to Japan
|
|
26.
|
Grandala
|
1
|
High Himalayas and E. Thibet
|
|
27.
|
|
Ruticilla
|
10
|
Eu. to Japan, N. Afr., Himalayas
|
Abyssinia, India
|
28.
|
Larvivora
|
2
|
E. Thibet, Amoor, Japan
|
|
29.
|
Dromolæa
|
3
|
S. Europe, N. Africa, Palestine
|
Ethiopian
|
30.
|
Saxicola
|
10
|
The whole region
|
E. and S. Africa, India
|
31.
|
Cercomela
|
2
|
Palestine (a desert genus)
|
N. E. Africa, N. W. India
|
32.
|
Pratincola
|
3
|
W. Europe, N. Africa to India
|
Ethiopian to Oriental
|
33.
|
Accentor
|
12
|
W. Europe to Japan; high Himalayas
|
Himalayas(?) in winter
|
Timaliidæ.
|
|
|
34.
|
Pterorhinus
|
3
|
Thibet and N. W. China
|
|
|
(Malacocercus
|
1
|
Palestine)
|
Oriental genus
|
|
(Crateropus
|
2
|
N. Africa, Persia)
|
Ethiopian genus
|
|
(Trochalopteron
|
3
|
E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
|
(Ianthocincla
|
3
|
E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
Panuridæ.
|
|
|
|
(Paradoxornis
|
3
|
Himalayas and E. Thibet)
|
(?)Oriental genus
|
35.
|
Conostoma
|
1
|
High Himalayas and E. Thibet
|
|
36.
|
Suthora
|
3
|
E. Thibet
|
Himalayas, China, Formosa
|
37.
|
Panurus
|
1
|
W. Europe to W. Siberia
|
|
38.
|
Heteromorpha
|
1
|
Nepaul and E. Thibet, from 10,000 feet altitude
|
|
39.
|
Cholornis
|
1
|
E. Thibet
|
|
Cinclidæ.
|
|
|
40.
|
Cinclus
|
5
|
The whole region (Atlantic Islands excluded)
|
American highlands
|
|
(Myiophonus
|
1
|
Turkestan, Thian-Shan Mountains, 6,000 feet
|
Oriental genus
|
Troglodytidæ.
|
|
|
41.
|
Troglodytes
|
3
|
Iceland and Britain to Japan
|
Neotropical and Nearctic, Himalayas
|
|
(Pnoepyga
|
2
|
E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
Certhiidæ.
|
|
|
42.
|
Certhia
|
2
|
W. Europe to N. China
|
Himalayas, Nearctic
|
43.
|
Tichodroma
|
1
|
S. Europe to N. China
|
Abyssinia, Nepaul, high
|
Sittidæ.
|
|
|
44.
|
Sitta
|
7
|
W. Europe to Himalayas and Japan
|
India, Nearctic
|
Paridæ.
|
|
|
45.
|
Parus
|
20
|
W. Europe to Kamschatka, N. Africa
|
Nearctic, Oriental, Ethiopian
|
46.
|
Lophophanes
|
6
|
Europe and high Himalayas
|
Nearctic
|
47.
|
Acredula
|
6
|
W. Europe to N. China and Kamschatka
|
|
48.
|
Ægithalus
|
1
|
S. E. Europe
|
Ethiopian
|
Liotrichidæ.
|
|
|
|
(Proparus
|
4
|
Moupin, in E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus and fam.
|
Pycnonotidæ.
|
|
|
49.
|
Microscelis
|
1
|
Japan
|
Oriental genus
|
50.
|
Pycnonotus
|
2
|
Palestine, N. China, Japan
|
Oriental and Ethiopian
|
Oriolidæ.
|
|
|
51.
|
Oriolus
|
|
S. Europe, China
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
Muscicapidæ.
|
|
|
52.
|
Muscicapa
|
2
|
W. and Central Europe
|
Ethiopian.
|
53.
|
Butalis
|
2
|
W. Europe to Japan and China
|
E. and S. Africa, Moluccas
|
54.
|
Erythrosterna
|
3
|
Central Europe to N. China and Japan
|
Oriental & Madagascar
|
|
(Xanthopygia
|
1
|
Japan)
|
Oriental genus
|
|
(Eumyias
|
1
|
E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
|
(Cyanoptila
|
1
|
Japan and Amoor)
|
Oriental genus
|
|
(Siphia
|
1
|
Moupin, E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
55.
|
Tchitrea
|
2
|
N. China and Japan
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
Laniidæ.
|
|
|
56.
|
Lanius
|
11
|
The whole region (excl. Atlantic Islands)
|
Nearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental
|
|
(Telephonus
|
1
|
N. Africa)
|
Ethiopian genus
|
Corvidæ.
|
|
|
57.
|
Garrulus
|
7
|
W. Europe, N. Africa, to Japan
|
Himalayas, Formosa
|
58.
|
Perisoreus
|
1
|
N. Europe and Siberia
|
N. America
|
|
(Urocissa
|
2
|
Cashmere, Japan)
|
Oriental genus
|
59.
|
Nucifraga
|
3
|
W. Europe to Japan, and Himalayas
|
Himalayan pine forests
|
60.
|
Pica
|
5
|
W. Europe to China and Japan
|
S. China and Formosa migrants[?]
|
61.
|
Cyanopica
|
2
|
Spain, N. E. Asia and Japan
|
|
62.
|
Corvus
|
12
|
The whole region
|
Cosmopolite (excl. S. Am.)
|
63.
|
Fregilus
|
3
|
W. Europe to N. China, Himalayas
|
Abyssinian mountains
|
Nectariniidæ.
|
|
|
|
(Arachnechthra
|
1
|
Palestine)
|
Oriental genus
|
Dicæidæ.
|
|
|
|
(Zosterops
|
1
|
Amoor and Japan)
|
Ethiop., Orien., Austral.
|
Ampelidæ.
|
|
|
64.
|
Ampelis
|
2
|
Northern half of region
|
North America
|
Hirundinidæ.
|
|
|
65.
|
Hirundo
|
2
|
The whole region
|
Cosmopolite
|
66.
|
Cotyle
|
2
|
The whole region (excl. Atlan. Is.)
|
Nearctic, Ethiop., Orien.
|
67.
|
Chelidon
|
3
|
The whole region
|
Oriental
|
Fringillidæ.
|
|
|
68.
|
Fringilla
|
6
|
The whole region
|
Africa
|
69.
|
Acanthis
|
3
|
Europe and N. Africa to Central Asia
|
|
70.
|
Procarduelis
|
1
|
High Himalayas and E. Thibet
|
|
71.
|
Chrysomitris
|
2
|
W. Europe to Japan
|
N. and S. America
|
72.
|
Dryospiza
|
4
|
Atlantic Islands to Palestine, N. Africa
|
|
73.
|
Metoponia
|
1
|
N. E. Europe to W. Himalayas
|
|
74.
|
Chlorospiza
|
5
|
W. Europe, N. Africa to Japan
|
China, E. Africa
|
75.
|
Passer
|
8
|
The whole region
|
Ethiopian, Oriental
|
76.
|
Montifringilla
|
4
|
Europe to Cashmere and Siberia
|
|
77.
|
Fringillauda
|
1
|
N. W. Himalayas to E. Thibet, high
|
|
78.
|
Coccothraustes
|
3
|
W. Europe, High Himalayas to Japan
|
N. America
|
79.
|
Mycerobas
|
2
|
Central Asia & High Himalayas
|
|
80.
|
Eophona
|
2
|
E. Thibet, China, and Japan
|
China
|
81.
|
Pyrrhula
|
9
|
Azores to Japan, High Himalayas
|
Alaska
|
|
(Crithagra
|
1
|
Palestine)
|
Ethiopian genus
|
82.
|
Carpodacus
|
12
|
Cent. Eu. to Japan, High Himalayas
|
India & China, N. Amer.
|
83.
|
Erythrospiza
|
4
|
N. Africa to Afghanistan and Turkestan
|
|
84.
|
Uragus
|
2
|
Turkestan & E. Thibet to Japan
|
|
85.
|
Loxia
|
3
|
Europe, High Himalayas to Japan
|
N. America
|
86.
|
Pinicola
|
1
|
N. Europe, Siberia
|
N. America
|
87.
|
Propyrrhula
|
1
|
High Himalayas
|
Darjeeling in winter
|
88.
|
Pyrrhospiza
|
1
|
Snowy Himalayas
|
|
89.
|
Linota
|
6
|
The whole region
|
N. America
|
90.
|
Leucosticte
|
4
|
Turkestan to Kamschatka
|
N. W. America
|
Emberizinæ
|
|
|
91.
|
|
Euspiza
|
4
|
E. Europe to Japan
|
N. America
|
92.
|
Emberiza
|
25
|
Europe to Japan
|
|
93.
|
Fringillaria
|
2
|
S. Europe, N. Africa
|
|
94.
|
Plectrophanes
|
2
|
Northern half of region
|
|
Sturnidæ.
|
|
|
95.
|
Pastor
|
1
|
East Europe, Central Asia
|
India
|
96.
|
Sturnia
|
2
|
Amoor, Japan, N. China
|
Oriental
|
97.
|
Sturnus
|
3
|
The whole region (excl. Atlantic Islands)
|
India, China
|
|
(Amydrus
|
1
|
Palestine)
|
N. E. African genus
|
98.
|
Podoces
|
3
|
Cen. Asia, Turkestan, Yarkand
|
|
Alaudidæ.
|
|
|
99.
|
Otocorys
|
6
|
N. Europe to Japan, N. Africa, Arabia
|
India, N. America, Andes
|
100.
|
Alauda
|
7
|
The whole region (excl. Iceland)
|
India, Africa
|
101.
|
Galerita
|
2
|
Central Europe to N. China, N. Africa
|
India, Central Africa
|
102.
|
Calandrella
|
4
|
Central Europe to N. China, N. Africa
|
India
|
103.
|
Melanocorypha
|
5
|
S. Eu., N. Africa, N. & Cen. Asia
|
N. W. India
|
104.
|
Pallasia
|
1
|
Mongolia
|
|
|
(Certhilauda
|
1
|
N. Africa)
|
S. African genus
|
|
(Alaemon
|
1
|
N. Africa, Arabia)
|
Ethiopian genus
|
105.
|
Ammomanes
|
3
|
S. Europe, N. Africa, to Cashmere
|
Africa, India
|
Motacillidæ.
|
|
|
106.
|
Motacilla
|
6
|
The whole region
|
Oriental, Ethiopian
|
107.
|
Budytes
|
4
|
Europe to China
|
Oriental, Moluccas
|
108.
|
Calobates
|
2
|
Atlantic Is., W. Europe, to China
|
Malaisia, Madagascar
|
Pittidæ.
|
|
|
|
(Pitta
|
1
|
Japan)
|
Oriental & Austral. genus
|
PICARIÆ.
|
|
|
|
Picidæ.
|
|
|
109.
|
Picoides
|
3
|
N. and Cen. Europe to Thibet & E. Asia
|
North America
|
110.
|
Picus
|
16
|
The whole region (excl. Atlantic Islands)
|
India, China, N. and S. America
|
111.
|
Hypopicus
|
1
|
N. China
|
Himalayas
|
|
(Yungipicus
|
1
|
N. China)
|
Oriental genus
|
112.
|
Dryocopus
|
1
|
N. & Cen. Europe to N. China
|
Neotropical
|
113.
|
Gecinus
|
6
|
W. Europe to Thibet, Amoor & Japan
|
Oriental
|
Yungidæ.
|
|
|
114.
|
Yunx
|
2
|
W. Europe to N. W. India, Thibet and Japan
|
N. E. Africa, S. Africa
|
Cuculidæ.
|
|
|
115.
|
Cuculus
|
2
|
The whole region (excl. Atlantic Islands)
|
Ethiop., Oriental, Austral.
|
116.
|
Coccystes
|
1
|
S. Europe and N. Africa
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
Coraciidæ.
|
|
|
117.
|
Coracias
|
1
|
Cent. Europe to Cent. Asia
|
Ethiopian, Oriental
|
|
(Eurystomus
|
1
|
Amoor in summer)
|
Oriental & Austral. genus
|
Meropidæ.
|
|
|
118.
|
Merops
|
2
|
S. Europe to Cashmere, N. Africa
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
Alcedinidæ.
|
|
|
|
(Halcyon
|
3
|
W. Asia, N. China, Japan)
|
Ethiop., Orien., Austral.
|
119.
|
Alcedo
|
2
|
Europe, N. China
|
|
120.
|
Ceryle
|
2
|
S. E. Europe, Japan
|
Africa, India, America
|
Upupidæ.
|
|
|
121.
|
Upupa
|
1
|
S. Europe, N. China
|
Ethiop. & Oriental genus
|
Caprimulgidæ.
|
|
|
122.
|
Caprimulgus
|
5
|
Europe to Japan
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
Cypselidæ.
|
|
|
123.
|
Cypselus
|
4
|
The whole region (excl. Iceland)
|
Ethiopian, America
|
124.
|
Chætura
|
2
|
N. China, Dauria
|
Africa, India
|
COLUMBÆ.
|
|
|
|
Columbidæ.
|
|
|
125.
|
Columba
|
6
|
The whole region
|
Africa, Asia, America
|
126.
|
Turtur
|
4
|
W. Europe to Japan
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
|
(Alsæcomus
|
1
|
E. Thibet)
|
Oriental genus
|
GALLINÆ.
|
|
|
|
Pteroclidæ.
|
|
|
127.
|
Pterocles
|
2
|
S. Europe, N. Africa, to W. India
|
Ethiopian genus
|
128.
|
Syrrhaptes
|
2
|
Central Asia, N. China
|
|
Tetraonidæ.
|
|
|
129.
|
Francolinus
|
1
|
Borders of Mediterranean
|
Ethiopian, Oriental
|
130.
|
Perdix
|
2
|
Europe to Mongolia
|
|
131.
|
Coturnix
|
1
|
Central and S. Europe to Japan
|
Ethiop., Orien., Austral.
|
132.
|
Lerwa
|
1
|
Snowy Himalayas to E. Thibet
|
|
133.
|
Caccabis
|
5
|
Cen. Europe and N. Africa to N. W. Himalayas
|
Abyssinia, Arabia
|
134.
|
Tetraogallus
|
4
|
Caucasus to E. Thibet and Altai |Mountains
|
|
135.
|
Tetrao
|
4
|
Europe and N. Asia
|
N. America
|
136.
|
Bonasa
|
1
|
Europe and N. Asia
|
N. America
|
137.
|
Lagopus
|
4
|
Iceland, W. Europe to Japan
|
N. America, Greenland
|
Phasianidæ.
|
|
|
138.
|
Crossoptilon
|
4
|
Thibet, Mongolia, N. China
|
|
139.
|
Lophophorus
|
3
|
Cashmere to E. Thibet (highest woods)
|
|
140.
|
Tetraophasis
|
1
|
E. Thibet
|
E. Thibet(?)
|
141.
|
Ceriornis
|
1
|
N. W. Himalayas (high)
|
Himalayas to W. China
|
142.
|
Pucrasia
|
3
|
N. W. Himalayas to N. W. China
|
Himalayas
|
143.
|
Phasianus
|
10
|
Western Asia to Japan
|
W. Himalayas, Formosa
|
144.
|
Thaumalea
|
3
|
E. Thibet to Amoor, N. China
|
West China
|
145.
|
Ithaginis
|
2
|
Nepaul to E. Thibet (high)
|
|
Turnicidæ
|
|
|
146.
|
Turnix
|
2
|
Spain and N. Africa, N. China
|
Ethiop., Orien., Austral.
|
ACCIPITRES.
|
|
|
|
Vulturidæ.
|
|
|
147.
|
Vultur
|
1
|
Spain and N. Africa to N. China
|
|
148.
|
Gyps
|
1
|
S. Europe, Palestine, Cen. Asia
|
E. Africa, India
|
149.
|
Otogyps
|
1
|
S. Europe, N. Africa
|
S. Africa, India
|
150.
|
Neophron
|
1
|
Atlantic Isds. to Palestine
|
Africa, India
|
Falconidæ.
|
|
|
151.
|
Circus
|
5
|
Europe to Japan
|
Almost Cosmopolite
|
152.
|
Astur
|
1
|
Europe to N. China
|
Almost Cosmopolite
|
153.
|
Accipiter
|
2
|
Europe to Japan
|
Almost Cosmopolite
|
154.
|
Buteo
|
4
|
Europe to Japan
|
Cosmopolite (excl. Australia)
|
155.
|
Archibuteo
|
1
|
N. Europe to Japan
|
N. America
|
156.
|
Gypaetus
|
1
|
S. Europe, N. Africa
|
Abyssinia, Himalayas
|
157.
|
Aquila
|
5
|
Europe to Japan
|
Nearctic, Ethiop., Orien.
|
158.
|
Nisaetus
|
2
|
E. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia
|
India, Australia
|
159.
|
Circaetus
|
1
|
E. and S. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia
|
Africa, India
|
160.
|
Haliæetus
|
3
|
Iceland and S. Europe to Japan
|
Cosmopolite (excl. Neotropical region)
|
161.
|
Milvus
|
4
|
Europe to Japan, N. Africa
|
The Old World & Austral.
|
162.
|
Elanus
|
2
|
N. Africa, N. China to Amoor
|
Cosmopolite (excl. East U. S.)
|
163.
|
Pernis
|
1
|
Europe to Japan
|
Ethiopian and Oriental
|
164.
|
Falco
|
5
|
The whole region
|
Cosmopolite (excl. Pacific Islands)
|
165.
|
Hierofalco
|
5
|
The whole region
|
N. America
|
166.
|
Cerchneis
|
4
|
Atlantic Islands to Japan
|
Cosmop. (excl. Oceania)
|
Pandionidæ.
|
|
|
167.
|
Pandion
|
1
|
Europe to Japan
|
Cosmopolite
|
Strigidæ.
|
|
|
168.
|
Surnia
|
1
|
N. Europe and Siberia
|
North America
|
169.
|
Nyctea
|
1
|
Arctic regions
|
Arctic America
|
170.
|
Athene
|
4
|
Central and S. Europe to Japan
|
Ethiop., Orien., Austral.
|
|
(Ninox
|
1
|
N. China and Japan)
|
Oriental genus
|
171.
|
Glaucidium
|
1
|
Europe to N. China
|
America
|
172.
|
Bubo
|
2
|
Europe to N. China
|
Africa, India, America
|
173.
|
Scops
|
3
|
S. Europe to Japan
|
African, Orien., Austral.
|
174.
|
Syrnium
|
5
|
Europe to Japan
|
African, Oriental, Amer.
|
175.
|
Otus
|
2
|
Europe to Japan
|
Almost Cosmopolite
|
176.
|
Nyctala
|
1
|
N. Europe to E. Siberia
|
N. America
|
177.
|
Strix
|
1
|
Europe and N. Africa
|
All warm & temp. regions
|
Peculiar or very characteristic Genera of Wading and Swimming Birds.
|
GRALLÆ.
|
|
|
|
Rallidæ.
|
|
|
|
Ortygometra
|
8
|
Europe, N. E. Africa
|
|
Scolopacidæ.
|
|
|
|
Ibidorhyncha
|
1
|
Cashmere & Cen. Asia, N. China
|
Himalayan Valleys
|
|
Terekia
|
1
|
N. E. Europe and Siberia
|
India, Australia (migrant)
|
|
Helodromas
|
1
|
E. and N. Europe, N. India
|
|
|
Machetes
|
1
|
N. and Cen. Europe, Cen. Asia
|
India in winter
|
|
Eurinorhynchus
|
1
|
N. E. Asia
|
Bengal
|
Glareolidæ.
|
|
|
|
Pluvianus
|
1
|
N. Africa, Spain
|
|
Charadriidæ.
|
|
|
|
Vanellus
|
8
|
Europe to the Punjaub
|
S. America
|
Otididæ.
|
|
|
|
Otis
|
2
|
W. Europe to Mongolia, N. Africa
|
|
ANSERES.
|
|
|
|
Anatidæ.
|
|
|
|
Aix
|
1
|
N. China to Amoor
|
N. America
|
|
Bucephala
|
3
|
Iceland, N. Europe, and Asia
|
N. America
|
|
Histrionicus
|
1
|
Iceland, N. Siberia
|
N. America
|
|
Harelda
|
1
|
North of whole region
|
Arctic America
|
|
Somateria
|
3
|
North of whole region
|
N. America
|
|
Œdemia
|
3
|
North of whole region
|
N. America
|
Laridæ.
|
|
|
|
Rissa
|
1
|
North coasts of whole region
|
N. America
|
Colymbidæ.
|
|
|
|
Colymbus
|
3
|
North of whole region
|
N. America
|
Alcidæ.
|
|
|
|
Alca
|
2
|
North coasts of whole region
|
N. America
|
|
Fratercula
|
3
|
North coasts of whole region
|
N. America
|
|
Uria
|
3
|
North coasts of whole region
|
N. America
|
|
Mergulus
|
1
|
Iceland and Arctic coasts
|
Arctic America
|