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STUYVESANT 132 STYBIA New York) , in May of that year. Under style, and sometimes of walls raised to his direction boundary lines were estab- a considerable height, in which case it lished between the Dutch and English was approached by a flight of steps at possessions in America; but the British one end. STYR, a river of eastern Galicia, emptying into the Pripet Marshes, along which heavy fighting took place between German and Russian forces during the World War, in the fall of 1915. Here, and along the Strypa river, further S., tJie Russians developed a sudden strength after, for several months, dur- ing the summer, being driven back along their whole front by the Teutons. The battle in this region, which began in the first week of October, 1915, continued with unceasing severity into the winter months, and proved the turning point in favor of the Russians, who, in the fol- lowing spring began an offensive which proved all but disastrous to the armies of the Central Empires along the Eas- ern front. STYBAX, in botany, the storax; the typical genus of Styracaceas. Elegant trees and shrubs, mostly with stellate hairs, entire leaves, and racemes of white or cream-colored flowers. Found in the warmer parts of America and Asia; one is Eui-opean and one African. S. officinale, a tree from 15 to 20 feet high, has ovate leaves, shining above, downy beneath, longer than the racemes, which consist of five or six flowers. It is a native of Syria, Greece, and Italy. It furnishes storax, which exudes and hardens in the air when the bark is wounded. S. benzoin is the benjamin storax, or gum-benjamin tree. It is found in Sumatra, Java, and the Malay Archipelago generally, and produces benzoin. S. reticulata, S. ferruginea, and S. aurea yield a gum used as incense. Among other American species are S. grandiflorus, S. loevigatus, and <S. puU venilentiis, S. serratulum, and S. virga- tum, small trees, natives of Bengal, yield gum, but of inferior quality. STYE.IA, a former duchy, now a state in the Austrian Republic, bounded by Upper and Lower Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Carniola, Carinthia, and Salz- burg; area, 8,662 square miles. Pop. about 1,400,000. Capital Gratz, 156,000. The duchy, with the exception of the S. part, is mountainous. The Noric Alps traverse the district between the Enns and the Mur; the Styrian Alps between the Mur and the Drave; and the Carnic Alps between the Drave and the Save. These mountains rise to the height of be- tween 7,000 and 8,000 feet, and are rich in minerals. Styria belongs to the basin of the Danube, which drains it by means PETER STUYVESANT encroachments persisted till in August, 1664, an English fleet appeared in the bay and compelled the surrender of New Amsterdam, after which its name was changed to New York. Stuveysant went to Holland in 1665, but afterward re- turned and spent the remainder of his life on his farm, called the Bo^verij, from which the name Bowery was given to a well-known thoroughfare in New York City. He died in August, 1682. STYE, a little boil on the margin of the eyelid, which commences in the fol- licle of one eyelash. The tumor gen- erally bursts in a few days, and it is very seldom necessary to puncture it. Warm-water dressings with lint and oil should be applied. STYLITE, one of a class of anchorites in the early Church who took up their abode on lofty pillars. Their position was an attempt to realize the two funda- mental ideas of Christian asceticism — separation from the things of earth, and aspiration after those of heaven. The first Stylite was Simeon, the Syrian (a. d. 390-459), who commenced this mode of life near Antioch, about A. D. 420. His life was one of great austerity. After his death the Stylites became nu- merous, and peculiar privileges were ac- corded to them. STYLOBATE, in architecture, the sub- structure of a Greek temple below the columns, sometimes f onned of three steps which were continued round the peri-