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TIREBUCK 412 TISCHENDOBP tirebtjcb:, william edwards, an English writer; born in Liverpool, England, in 1854. For some years con- nected with the Liverpool "Mail" and "Yorkshire Post," he afterward devoted himself to writing novels ; the most popu- lar are: "Saint Margaret" (1888) ; "Dor- rie" (1891) ; "Sweetheart Gwen" (1893) ; "Miss Grace of All Souls" (1895) ; "Meg of the Scarlet Foot" (1898) ; "The White Woman" (1899). His other writings in- clude "Dante Gabriel Rossetti" (1882), and "Great Minds in Art" (1888). He belonged to the "Liverpool group" of English authors, including Hall Caine, William Watson, and Richard Le Gal- lienne. TIRESIAS (ti-re'shius), in Greek mythology, a famous prophet, who, ac- cording to one legend, was struck blind by the goddess Athene because he had seen her bathing. Another legend repre- sents Hera as depriving him of his sight because, being made arbiter in a dispute between her and Zeus, he had decided in favor of the latter; when Zeus as a com- pensation granted him the inner vision of prophecy, and prolonged his life for several generations. He is consequently prominent in many of the mjrthical stories of Greece, but at last found death after drinking from the well of Tilphos- sa. Tiresias is the theme of a fine poem by Lord Tennyson (1885). TIRLEMONT (ter-le-mong'), a town of Belgium; in South Brabant, on the Great Geete, 30 miles E. S. E. of Brus- sels. It has two fine chuixhes of the 12th and 13th centuries, and manufactures of machinery, hosiery, flannel, leather, sugar, etc. Once a large and prosperous city, Tirlemont was ravaged by Marlbor- ough in 1705 ; and here the French, under Dumouriez, defeated the Austrians in 1793. It was captured by the Germans in the first year of the World War and held by them until the armistice. Pop. about 17,500. TIRNOVA, a town of Bulgaria, on the Jantra; 35 miles S. S. E. of Sistova; amid strange limestone rocks. It became in 1235 the seat of the Bulgarian patri- arch, and has more than once served as the capital. Dyeing is carried on, silk and coarse cloth are manufactured. Pop. about 15,000. TIRPITZ, ALFRED VON, a German admiral, notorious as the dominating figure behind the German submarine warfare policy during the Woi'ld War. He was born in Kustrin, 1849, and edu- cated in the Marine Academy, from which he graduated at the age of 17. After his period of sea service he entered the Office of Marine; then, in 1898, be- came minister of state of Prussia. In 1911 he was made lord high admiral, and it was as such that he had the power to ALFRED VON TIRPITZ develop the submarine branch of the Ger- man navy. After the failure of his sub- marine policy, in 1917, he was compelled to resign and retired into the obscurity of private life. TIRYNS (tl'rinz), or TIRYNTHUS, one of the oldest cities of ancient Greece, in Argolis, 2 miles from Nauplia. It was celebrated for its massive walls, which were popularly attributed to the Cyclops, and are the finest existing specimens of the military architecture of the heroic age of Greece. The ruins at present oc- cupy the lowest hill of several which rise out of the plain, the S. E. part of the wall having a remarkable covered gallery 36 feet in length and 5 in breadth. The origin of Tiryns belongs to the mythical period, and in 468 B. c. it was entirely destroyed by the Argives. TISCHENDORF, LOBE<K)TT FRIED- RICH KONSTANTIN (tish'en dorf), a German Biblical critic; born in Lengen- feld. Saxony, Jan. 18, 1815; studied at Leipsic; and in 1845 became professor extraordinary there, becoming Professor Ordinary of Theology in 1859. He made several visits to the East, and brought back valuable MSS., the most remarkable being (in 1859) the very famous Sinai^ tic Codex. Tischendorf was continu- ally engaged in editorial labors, and was